The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

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12So it will come about when Moab presents himself,When he wearies himself upon his high placeAnd comes to his sanctuary to pray,That he will not prevail.16:6 This begins a new strophe. Verses 1-5 are what YHWH hoped would happen, but v. 6 describeswhy it could not (compare Jer. 48:29).1. the pride of Moab2. excessive pride3. arrogance4. pride5. fury (BDB 720, “insolence”)6. false, idle boasts (BDB 95 III, empty, imaginary pretensions, cf. Job 11:3; Jer. 48:30)The Hebrew term “pride” (BDB 144) is repeated in different ways four times. Moab, like her idols,claims much, talks much, but cannot do anything!16:7-10 “Therefore” Here are the consequences.1. Moab shall wail because of her Ba’al worship (i.e., “raisin cakes”), vv. 7,12 (it is possible thisis another idiom for agricultural failure)2. fields wither and no harvest, vv. 8-10 (cf. 15:6)It is also possible that “raisin cakes” in this context refers to a luxurious lifestyle.16:10 “wine” See Special Topic at 1:22.} “I have made the shouting to cease” This refers to YHWH-sent invaders who disrupted the harvestand its annual festivals.The concept of the removal of “joy” is recurrent in this verse.1. gladness taken away, BDB 62, KB 74, Niphal PERFECT2. joy taken away (assuming same VERB as #1)3. no cries (or songs) of joy, BDB 943, KB 1247, Pual IMPERFECT4. no jubilant shouting, BDB 929, KB 1206, Pola IMPERFECT5. shouting to cease, BDB 991, KB 1407, Hiphil PERFECT16:11 The question is who is speaking.1. God (%3/, BDB 588, i.e., 63:15; Jer. 31:20)2. the prophet3. Moab personifiedBecause of v. 12, Moab (#3) cannot be right. Because of v. 13 it could be #2, the prophet Isaiah, butbecause of 15:5,9, as well as the Messianic implications of v. 5, I think it is God who grieves over the“what-could-have-been.” God loves humans made in His image, made for fellowship, yet they turn tofalse gods, false hopes!}NASB, REB “Kir-hareseth”NKJV, NRSV,TEV, NJB “Kir Heres”The MT is reflected in NKJV, but it is a shortened form of NASB (cf. v. 7; the city was simplyreferred to as “Kir” in 15:1).181
16:12 This verse can be understood in two ways.1. Moab brings offerings (v. 1) to Jerusalem (v. 5), but her pride refuses to fully embraceYHWH (v. 6). YHWH cares for them (15:5; 16:11).2. Moab seeks help from her gods (15:2; 16:12), but they are unable to respond.NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 16:13-1413This is the word which the LORD spoke earlier concerning Moab. 14 But now the LORDspeaks, saying, "Within three years, as a hired man would count them, the glory of Moab will bedegraded along with all his great population, and his remnant will be very small and impotent."16:14 This describes the imminent (3 years) fate of prideful Moab!Instead of abundant people, wealth, influence, and crops, Moab will be “very small and impotent”!The reversals in history are shocking and point fallen humanity to the promise and desire for stabilityand peace found only in Israel’s God!182
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YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE BIBLEISAIAH:
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Isaiah 26 .........................
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Elder, II John 1 ..................
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The Hebrew text used is Biblia Hebr
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II.Aspects of PredicationA. VERBSTh
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should clearly grasp, not so much t
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c. something which is possible or e
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NIVNJBNRSVOTPGREBRSVNew Internation
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A. The New King James Version (NKJV
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B. I believe the Bible was written
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. contemporary word usagec. genre3.
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In applying the Bible, it is import
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4. ambiguous textsAlthough the Engl
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2. by chronology3. by events which
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(3) Israel as(a) wife, 50:1(b) serv
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a. Hezekiah fully participated in t
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IX.MAIN TRUTHSA. Isaiah held Judah
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1:27-31(27-31) (27-31) (27-31)1:27-
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c. El-Shaddai (“God Almighty” o
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c. from a Ugaritic (Canaanite) root
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SPECIAL TOPIC: BOB’S EVANGELICAL
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incapable of appropriate action (cf
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Here is a good quote to conclude th
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} “whole head. . .whole heart”
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SPECIAL TOPIC: THE REMNANT, THREE S
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2. other sexual sins, Lev. 18:26,27
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(4) redemption(5) glorification(6)
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3. the covenant with Abraham (cf. G
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3. Asis - This is obviously alcohol
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 1:24-2624There
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SPECIAL TOPIC: FIREFire has both po
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ISAIAH 2PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MODE
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C. The resultant Judgment of YHWH,
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Zaphon in the far north (cf. Isa. 1
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The world mission of gospel proclam
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Lord.” I have come face to face w
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and make it “traders.” It seems
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21In order to go into the caverns o
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Woe to them!For they have brought e
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3:4 Judah’s elder leadership will
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These phrases could be1. literala.
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3:17NASB, NJB,REB “make their for
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} “the Branch of the LORD” To d
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SPECIAL TOPIC: THE TWO BOOKS OF GOD
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BRIEF OUTLINEA. The Parabolic Song,
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6I will lay it waste;It will not be
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SPECIAL TOPIC: ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN
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them spiritual ears and eyes (cf. D
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2. Jeremiah changed it from a place
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5:17 “Then the lambs will graze a
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So their root will become like rot
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The term “nations” in the Masor
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. There has alw
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II.9. human form - Exod. 24:9-11; P
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SPECIAL TOPIC: HOLYI. Old Testament
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12The LORD has removed men far away
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} “Send me” The VERB “send”
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} “Whose stump remains when it is
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3. Third paragraph4. Etc.BACKGROUND
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} “Shear-jashub” This is Isaiah
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} “from the LORD your God” It i
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7:18 “In that day” “That day
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8:1 “Take for yourself a large ta
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4. Huldah was a prophetess whom Kin
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Even the king of Assyria and all hi
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55:8-11; Ps. 33:11). God needs nor
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III.C. Paul uses the concept of a
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The second NOUN, “spiritists” (
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Read the chapter in one sitting. Id
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Because of the desert between Mesop
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 9:8-128The Lor
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19By the fury of the LORD of hosts
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following the original author’s i
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Page 172 and 173: ISAIAH 12PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MOD
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Page 196 and 197: DISCUSSION QUESTIONSThis is a study
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Page 204 and 205: 16:2 Moab is described as1. fleeing
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Page 212 and 213: SPECIAL TOPIC: FERTILITY WORSHIP OF
Page 214 and 215: NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 17:12-1412Alas
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Page 252 and 253: CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. This condemna
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23:10 The rival maritime empire of
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23:17-18 The riches of Phoenicia wi
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BACKGROUND STUDYA. Isaiah 24-27 for
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6. completely despoiled, v. 3, BDB
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Peshitta “shall be destroyed”LX
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} “As the shaking of an olive tre
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angels who have aided in either the
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ISAIAH 25PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MOD
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4. You have made a city into a heap
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}NASBNKJV, PeshittaNRSVTEV, NJBREB
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25:9 “in that day” This refers
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WORD AND PHRASE STUDYNASB (UPDATED)
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6. “spread out,” BDB 831, KB 97
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VIII. “His words”A. BDB 202 - D
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NJB, REB “we invoke your name”L
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 26:20-2120Come
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. This is the c
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27:4-5 There are several COHORTATIV
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} “by driving them away” The He
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DISCUSSION QUESTIONSThis is a study
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following the original author’s i
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Notice how the LORD’S agent is ch
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For morning after morning it will p
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28:16 This verse is a shocking chan
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29This also comes from the LORD of
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. The Jewish St
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Thus the multitude of all the natio
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This was accomplished by1. blob of
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 29:22-2422Ther
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. LutroÇ, “to release”(1) to r
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} “rebellious children” This ti
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Prophesy illusions.11Get out of the
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. see not, BDB 906, KB 1157, negate
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 30:1818Therefo
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2. good crops, v. 23a. rich (BDB 20
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JB“will be battered”LXX, Peshit
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B. The Anchor Bible has an interest
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} “the LORD of hosts come down”
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} “whose fire. . .furnace” This
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CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. Chapters 31-3
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12Beat your breasts for the pleasan
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NJB “Ophel” (BDB 779), a sectio
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l. eternity everlasting(1) I Kgs. 8
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all people are honored and treated
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} “locusts” Locust invasions we
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33:13 “You who are far away. . .y
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3. or bothIn v. 17, both “your ey
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B. Because there is a double space
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34:4 This hyperbolic language relat
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NKJV “night creature”NRSV, NJB
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1. seek, BDB 205, KB 233, Qal IMPER
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. fear not, BDB 431, KB 432, Qal IM
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36:2 “And the king of Assyria sen
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36:7 “whose high places and whose
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2. Arpad was a city in northern Syr
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1. First paragraph2. Second paragra
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} “I will make him fall by the sw
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37:19 The truth of v. 18 is seen to
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II.3. Model Prayer, Matt. 6:5-13; L
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C. Other aspects1. Perseverancea. L
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translation. The term can have eith
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NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 38:4-64Then th
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} “LORD. . .LORD” The MT has Ya
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The MT has the VERB “loved” (8-
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Also note that the Babylon of Hezek
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B. A. Briggs in his book, General I
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APPENDIX TWOINTRODUCTION TO OLD TES
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E. Prophets represent God to the pe
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APPENDIX THREEA BRIEF HISTORICAL SU
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Haran. He engaged the Babylonian fo
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n. 1340-1310 Haremhab3. 19th Dynast
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APPENDIX FOURCHARTSOLD TESTAMENT TI
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KINGS AND EVENTS OF THE BABYLONIAN,
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GREECE359 - 336 Philip II of Macedo
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GREEK359 - 336 Philip II of Macedon
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JUDAH’S KINGS (I CHR. 3:1-16; MAT
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APPENDIX FIVE - DOCTRINAL STATEMENT
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The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

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