The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

More documents

Recommendations

Info

ISAIAH 13PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MODERN TRANSLATIONSNASB NKJV NRSV TEV NJBProphecies About BabylonProclamation AgainstBabylonOracles Against ForeignNations(13:1-23:18)God Will Punish BabylonAgainst Babylon13:1-5 13:1 13:1 13:1 13:1(2-5) 13:2-3(2-3)13:2-3(2-3)13:2-3 13:2-22(2-22)Judgment on the Day of theLORD13:4-5(4-5)13:4-5(4-5)13:4-513:6-16(6-16)13:6-10(6-10)13:6-22(6-22)13:6-1013:11-16(11-16)13:11-13Babylon Will Fall to theMedes13:14-1613:17-22(17-22)13:17-22(17-22)13:17-22READING CYCLE THREE (see p. xvi in introductory section)FOLLOWING THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR’S INTENT AT PARAGRAPH LEVELThis is a study guide commentary, which means that you are responsible for your own interpretationof the Bible. Each of us must walk in the light we have. You, the Bible, and the Holy Spirit are priorityin interpretation. You must not relinquish this to a commentator.Read the chapter in one sitting. Identify the subjects (reading cycle #3, p. xvi). Compare yoursubject divisions with the five translations above. Paragraphing is not inspired, but it is the key tofollowing the original author’s intent, which is the heart of interpretation. Every paragraph has one andonly one subject.1. First paragraph2. Second paragraph3. Third paragraph4. Etc.CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. Chapter 13 marks a new division in the book of Isaiah that extends through 21:17 and also23:1-8. This section of Isaiah deals with judgment of surrounding nations. It is a genre in andof itself. It is very similar to Jeremiah 46-51; Ezekiel 25-32; Amos 1-2; Obadiah, Nahum, andZephaniah 2.151
B. YHWH addresses the surrounding nations, both large and small, through His prophet;messages they will never hear or respond to. This demonstrates His universal sovereignty (cf.2:1-4; 9:7; 11:9)! He is King of the earth; Lord of creation (cf. LXX Deut. 32:8)!C. The nations addressed are1. Babylon (or Assyria using Babylonian throne name “King of Babylon”), 13:1-14:232. Assyria, 14:24-273. Philistia, 14:28-324. Moab, 15:1-16:145. Syria, 17:1-36. Israel, 17:4-147. Ethiopia (Cush), 18:1-7; 20:1-68. Egypt, 19:1-25; 20:1-69. Babylon, 21:1-1010. Edom, 21:11-1211. Arabia, 21:13-1712. Jerusalem, 22:1-2513. Tyre, 23:1-18You will notice that Assyria seems to break into the context in 14:24-27. It is surprising that1. Babylon is addressed first when the problem in Isaiah’s day was Assyria.2. Babylon is addressed again in 21:1-10.3. Assyria is abruptly mentioned only briefly in 14:24-27 with no new heading (i.e.,“oracle”).One way to contextually deal with these problems is to view all of 13:1-14:27 as directedtoward Assyria. Assyria completely subjected and conquered Babylon in 689 B.C. and herkings took the title of “king of Babylon” (cf. 14:4). If this is right then it is not Neo-Babylon(i.e., Nebuchadnezzar), but earlier Babylon (Merodach-baladan) that fell to Assyria in 729 B.C.and the capital city of Babylon sacked and destroyed in 689 B.C. The NASB Study Bible (p.976) notes that there is no new “oracle” heading at 14:24, which implies one literary unit from13:1-14:32.The one problem with this approach is that “the Medes,” who destroyed Neo-Babylon in539 B.C., are mentioned in v. 17. However, with the weakening of Assyria in 660, Media andBabylon combined to rebel against the declining empire under Ashurbanipal (IVP BibleBackground Commentary, p. 601). The capital of Assyria fell to a combined army of Mediaand Babylon in 612 B.C.D. This is a good place to show how the poetic sections switch from first person (prophetspeaking for God) to the third person (the prophet speaking about God).1. Verses 1-3, first person2. Verses 4-10, third person3. Verses 11-16, first person4. Verses 17-18, first person5. Verses 19-22, third personBut, vv. 13 and 19 show how hard it is to follow this structure. In reality the prophet movesfreely back and forth to reveal the message “poetically” (word plays, line beat, rare words,change of person).152
Page 1 and 2:
YOU CAN UNDERSTAND THE BIBLEISAIAH:
Page 3 and 4:
Isaiah 26 .........................
Page 5 and 6:
Elder, II John 1 ..................
Page 7 and 8:
The Hebrew text used is Biblia Hebr
Page 9 and 10:
II.Aspects of PredicationA. VERBSTh
Page 11 and 12:
should clearly grasp, not so much t
Page 13 and 14:
c. something which is possible or e
Page 15 and 16:
NIVNJBNRSVOTPGREBRSVNew Internation
Page 17 and 18:
A. The New King James Version (NKJV
Page 19 and 20:
B. I believe the Bible was written
Page 21 and 22:
. contemporary word usagec. genre3.
Page 23 and 24:
In applying the Bible, it is import
Page 25 and 26:
4. ambiguous textsAlthough the Engl
Page 27 and 28:
2. by chronology3. by events which
Page 29 and 30:
(3) Israel as(a) wife, 50:1(b) serv
Page 32 and 33:
a. Hezekiah fully participated in t
Page 34 and 35:
IX.MAIN TRUTHSA. Isaiah held Judah
Page 36 and 37:
1:27-31(27-31) (27-31) (27-31)1:27-
Page 38 and 39:
c. El-Shaddai (“God Almighty” o
Page 40 and 41:
c. from a Ugaritic (Canaanite) root
Page 42 and 43:
SPECIAL TOPIC: BOB’S EVANGELICAL
Page 44 and 45:
incapable of appropriate action (cf
Page 46 and 47:
Here is a good quote to conclude th
Page 48 and 49:
} “whole head. . .whole heart”
Page 50 and 51:
SPECIAL TOPIC: THE REMNANT, THREE S
Page 52 and 53:
2. other sexual sins, Lev. 18:26,27
Page 54 and 55:
(4) redemption(5) glorification(6)
Page 56 and 57:
3. the covenant with Abraham (cf. G
Page 58 and 59:
3. Asis - This is obviously alcohol
Page 60 and 61:
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 1:24-2624There
Page 62 and 63:
SPECIAL TOPIC: FIREFire has both po
Page 64 and 65:
ISAIAH 2PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MODE
Page 66 and 67:
C. The resultant Judgment of YHWH,
Page 68 and 69:
Zaphon in the far north (cf. Isa. 1
Page 70 and 71:
The world mission of gospel proclam
Page 72 and 73:
Lord.” I have come face to face w
Page 74 and 75:
and make it “traders.” It seems
Page 76 and 77:
21In order to go into the caverns o
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Woe to them!For they have brought e
Page 82 and 83:
3:4 Judah’s elder leadership will
Page 84 and 85:
These phrases could be1. literala.
Page 86 and 87:
3:17NASB, NJB,REB “make their for
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
} “the Branch of the LORD” To d
Page 92 and 93:
SPECIAL TOPIC: THE TWO BOOKS OF GOD
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
BRIEF OUTLINEA. The Parabolic Song,
Page 98 and 99:
6I will lay it waste;It will not be
Page 100 and 101:
SPECIAL TOPIC: ANCIENT NEAR EASTERN
Page 102 and 103:
them spiritual ears and eyes (cf. D
Page 104 and 105:
2. Jeremiah changed it from a place
Page 106 and 107:
5:17 “Then the lambs will graze a
Page 108 and 109:
So their root will become like rot
Page 110 and 111:
The term “nations” in the Masor
Page 112 and 113:
CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. There has alw
Page 114 and 115:
II.9. human form - Exod. 24:9-11; P
Page 116 and 117:
SPECIAL TOPIC: HOLYI. Old Testament
Page 118 and 119:
12The LORD has removed men far away
Page 120 and 121:
} “Send me” The VERB “send”
Page 122 and 123:
} “Whose stump remains when it is
Page 124 and 125:
3. Third paragraph4. Etc.BACKGROUND
Page 126 and 127: } “Shear-jashub” This is Isaiah
Page 128 and 129: } “from the LORD your God” It i
Page 130 and 131: 7:18 “In that day” “That day
Page 132 and 133: ISAIAH 8PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MODE
Page 134 and 135: 8:1 “Take for yourself a large ta
Page 136 and 137: 4. Huldah was a prophetess whom Kin
Page 138 and 139: Even the king of Assyria and all hi
Page 140 and 141: 55:8-11; Ps. 33:11). God needs nor
Page 142 and 143: III.C. Paul uses the concept of a
Page 144 and 145: The second NOUN, “spiritists” (
Page 146 and 147: Read the chapter in one sitting. Id
Page 148 and 149: Because of the desert between Mesop
Page 150 and 151: NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 9:8-128The Lor
Page 152 and 153: 19By the fury of the LORD of hosts
Page 154 and 155: following the original author’s i
Page 156 and 157: 10:6 “a godless nation. . .the pe
Page 158 and 159: Or like a rod lifting him who is no
Page 160 and 161: 27So it will be in that day, that h
Page 162 and 163: 10:33 The second half of this verse
Page 164 and 165: 2. Second paragraph3. Third paragra
Page 166 and 167: a. counsel, BDB 420b. strength, BDB
Page 168 and 169: The fatling would have sacrificial
Page 170 and 171: (2) Mark 10:41(3) Luke 14:31; 15:8;
Page 172 and 173: ISAIAH 12PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MOD
Page 174 and 175: } “although You were angry with m
Page 178 and 179: WORD AND PHRASE STUDYNASB (UPDATED)
Page 180 and 181: 13:2 This describes the gathering o
Page 182 and 183: 6. little ones dashed to pieces in
Page 186 and 187: 2. The concept of a personal archen
Page 188 and 189: } “Jacob. . .Israel” These two
Page 190 and 191: happened, and just as I have planne
Page 192 and 193: 14:12 “How you have fallen from h
Page 194 and 195: Loss of descendants was seen as a g
Page 196 and 197: DISCUSSION QUESTIONSThis is a study
Page 198 and 199: CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSLocations Mentio
Page 200 and 201: 15:2 “Dibon. . .Nebo. . .Medeba
Page 204 and 205: 16:2 Moab is described as1. fleeing
Page 206 and 207: 12So it will come about when Moab p
Page 210 and 211: } “the remnant of Syria” This p
Page 212 and 213: SPECIAL TOPIC: FERTILITY WORSHIP OF
Page 214 and 215: NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 17:12-1412Alas
Page 216 and 217: 3All you inhabitants of the world a
Page 218 and 219: However, this context could be unde
Page 222 and 223: In this text the people claimed to
Page 224 and 225: 7. purified the water at Marah, Exo
Page 226 and 227:
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 19:16-1716In t
Page 228 and 229:
} “a Savior and a Champion” In
Page 230 and 231:
ISAIAH 20PARAGRAPH DIVISIONS OF MOD
Page 232 and 233:
6. sparing Jerusalem from Assyria,
Page 234 and 235:
3. Third paragraph4. Etc.CONTEXTUAL
Page 236 and 237:
21:3-4 The prophet describes the ef
Page 238 and 239:
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 21:11-1211The
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
ased on certain word plays or key w
Page 244 and 245:
This same area may have been filled
Page 246 and 247:
22:15-19 This describes YHWH’s ju
Page 248 and 249:
1. Gen. 15:6 - Abram’s personal e
Page 250 and 251:
2. load will be cut down (BDB 154,
Page 252 and 253:
CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. This condemna
Page 254 and 255:
2. the palace, temple, and fortress
Page 256 and 257:
23:10 The rival maritime empire of
Page 258 and 259:
23:17-18 The riches of Phoenicia wi
Page 260 and 261:
BACKGROUND STUDYA. Isaiah 24-27 for
Page 262 and 263:
6. completely despoiled, v. 3, BDB
Page 264 and 265:
Peshitta “shall be destroyed”LX
Page 266 and 267:
} “As the shaking of an olive tre
Page 268 and 269:
angels who have aided in either the
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
4. You have made a city into a heap
Page 274 and 275:
}NASBNKJV, PeshittaNRSVTEV, NJBREB
Page 276 and 277:
25:9 “in that day” This refers
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
WORD AND PHRASE STUDYNASB (UPDATED)
Page 282 and 283:
6. “spread out,” BDB 831, KB 97
Page 284 and 285:
VIII. “His words”A. BDB 202 - D
Page 286 and 287:
NJB, REB “we invoke your name”L
Page 288 and 289:
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 26:20-2120Come
Page 290 and 291:
CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. This is the c
Page 292 and 293:
27:4-5 There are several COHORTATIV
Page 294 and 295:
} “by driving them away” The He
Page 296 and 297:
DISCUSSION QUESTIONSThis is a study
Page 298 and 299:
following the original author’s i
Page 300 and 301:
Notice how the LORD’S agent is ch
Page 302 and 303:
For morning after morning it will p
Page 304 and 305:
28:16 This verse is a shocking chan
Page 306 and 307:
29This also comes from the LORD of
Page 308 and 309:
CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. The Jewish St
Page 310 and 311:
Thus the multitude of all the natio
Page 312 and 313:
This was accomplished by1. blob of
Page 314 and 315:
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 29:22-2422Ther
Page 316 and 317:
. LutroÇ, “to release”(1) to r
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
} “rebellious children” This ti
Page 322 and 323:
Prophesy illusions.11Get out of the
Page 324 and 325:
. see not, BDB 906, KB 1157, negate
Page 326 and 327:
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 30:1818Therefo
Page 328 and 329:
2. good crops, v. 23a. rich (BDB 20
Page 330 and 331:
JB“will be battered”LXX, Peshit
Page 332 and 333:
B. The Anchor Bible has an interest
Page 334 and 335:
} “the LORD of hosts come down”
Page 336 and 337:
} “whose fire. . .furnace” This
Page 338 and 339:
CONTEXTUAL INSIGHTSA. Chapters 31-3
Page 340 and 341:
12Beat your breasts for the pleasan
Page 342 and 343:
NJB “Ophel” (BDB 779), a sectio
Page 344 and 345:
l. eternity everlasting(1) I Kgs. 8
Page 346 and 347:
all people are honored and treated
Page 348 and 349:
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352 and 353:
} “locusts” Locust invasions we
Page 354 and 355:
33:13 “You who are far away. . .y
Page 356 and 357:
3. or bothIn v. 17, both “your ey
Page 358 and 359:
B. Because there is a double space
Page 360 and 361:
34:4 This hyperbolic language relat
Page 362 and 363:
NKJV “night creature”NRSV, NJB
Page 364 and 365:
1. seek, BDB 205, KB 233, Qal IMPER
Page 366 and 367:
Page 368 and 369:
. fear not, BDB 431, KB 432, Qal IM
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
36:2 “And the king of Assyria sen
Page 374 and 375:
36:7 “whose high places and whose
Page 376 and 377:
2. Arpad was a city in northern Syr
Page 378 and 379:
1. First paragraph2. Second paragra
Page 380 and 381:
} “I will make him fall by the sw
Page 382 and 383:
37:19 The truth of v. 18 is seen to
Page 384 and 385:
II.3. Model Prayer, Matt. 6:5-13; L
Page 386 and 387:
C. Other aspects1. Perseverancea. L
Page 388 and 389:
translation. The term can have eith
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: 38:4-64Then th
Page 394 and 395:
} “LORD. . .LORD” The MT has Ya
Page 396 and 397:
The MT has the VERB “loved” (8-
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Also note that the Babylon of Hezek
Page 402 and 403:
B. A. Briggs in his book, General I
Page 404 and 405:
APPENDIX TWOINTRODUCTION TO OLD TES
Page 406 and 407:
E. Prophets represent God to the pe
Page 408 and 409:
APPENDIX THREEA BRIEF HISTORICAL SU
Page 410 and 411:
Haran. He engaged the Babylonian fo
Page 412 and 413:
n. 1340-1310 Haremhab3. 19th Dynast
Page 414 and 415:
APPENDIX FOURCHARTSOLD TESTAMENT TI
Page 416 and 417:
KINGS AND EVENTS OF THE BABYLONIAN,
Page 418 and 419:
GREECE359 - 336 Philip II of Macedo
Page 420 and 421:
GREEK359 - 336 Philip II of Macedon
Page 422 and 423:
JUDAH’S KINGS (I CHR. 3:1-16; MAT
Page 424:
APPENDIX FIVE - DOCTRINAL STATEMENT
show all

The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?