The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

The Jewish Study Bible (p. 807) adds an interesting comment on “stump.”“If the translation ‘stump’ is correct, then the passage may presume that the Davidicdynasty will (or has) come to an end; this reading would deviate significantly from Isaiah’snotion that Davidic kings will reign eternally (cf. II Sam. 7:8-16; Ps. 89:20-37). But theHebrew ‘geza’ refers not only to a stump of a tree that has been cut down but also to the trunkof a living tree.”I cannot confirm this meaning for “shoot” unless it is 40:24.} “from the stem of Jesse” Jesse was King David’s father. This future descendant is mentioned in v.10; 9:7; 16:5.The OT gives the lineage of the Special Coming One, the Anointed One.1. from the tribe of Judah, Gen. 49:8-12, esp. v. 10 and Rev. 5:52. from the family of Jesse, II Samuel 7The special child of the new age has now been identified as a special ruler. His character willcharacterize the new age (cf. Jer. 23:5).} “a branch from his roots” The NOUN “branch,” “sprout,” or “shoot” (BDB 666, cf. 14:19; 60:21;Dan. 11:7) is parallel to “branch” or “sprout” (BDB 855, cf. 4:2; 61:11). New growth will come! SeeSpecial Topic at 4:2.} “will bear fruit” The MT has the VERB “bear fruit” (%95, BDB 826, KB 963, Qal IMPERFECT, DeadSea Scrolls, NASB), but most ancient and modern versions assume a similar VERB, (95 (BDB 827).1. NKJV, NRSV, Peshitta, “shall grow out”2. NJB, “will grow”3. LXX, Targums, “shall come up”4. REB, “will spring from”5. JPSOA, “shall sprout”The second option fits the parallelism best!11:2 “the Spirit” Many have tried to relate this passage to the seven-fold spirits of Rev. 1:4. This seemsdoubtful to me. The MT lists six characteristics, but the LXX adds a seventh, “piety,” in place of “fear”in v. 2, but then adds “fear” from v. 3. However, this does relate to the titles of Isa. 9:6 and describes theking fully equipped by God in insight, administration, and piety. The Spirit of the Lord abides on him asHe did on David (cf. I Sam. 16:13).The personality of the “Spirit” is not fully revealed in the OT. In the OT the Spirit is YHWH’spersonal influence to accomplish His purposes, much like the “Angel of the LORD.” It is not until the NTthat His full personality and Deity are revealed. See Special Topic: The Trinity at 6:8. See SpecialTopic: The Personhood of the Spirit at 32:15-20.The other problem with the word (BDB 924) is that it can refer to human characteristics or divineaction.} “will rest on him” The VERB (BDB 628, KB 679) is a Qal PERFECT denoting a settled condition. Itwill abide and remain. This same truth is stated in different ways in 42:1; 59:21; 61:1; Matt. 3:16; Luke4:18.} “the spirit of. . .” Basically there are three groups of gifts.1. intellectuala. wisdom, BDB 315 (opposite of 10:13)b. understanding, BDB 108 (see first pair in Deut. 4:6)2. effective administration (cf. 9:6-7)140