The Prophet and His Day: Isaiah 1-39 - Free Bible Commentary

B. Acts – Acts 2:32-33, 38-39C. Paul1. Rom. 1:4-5; 5:1,5; 8:1-4,8-102. I Cor. 2:8-10; 12:4-63. II Cor. 1:21; 13:144. Gal. 4:4-65. Eph. 1:3-14,17; 2:18; 3:14-17; 4:4-66. I Thess. 1:2-57. II Thess. 2:138. Titus 3:4-6D. Peter – I Pet. 1:2E. Jude – vv. 20-21A plurality in God is hinted at in the OT.A. Use of PLURALS for God1. Name Elohim is PLURAL, but when used of God always has a SINGULAR VERB2. “Us” in Genesis 1:26-27; 3:22; 11:7B. The Angel of the Lord was a visible representative of Deity1. Genesis 16:7-13; 22:11-15; 31:11,13; 48:15-162. Exodus 3:2,4; 13:21; 14:193. Judges 2:1; 6:22-23; 13:3-224. Zechariah 3:1-2C. God and His Spirit are separate, Gen. 1:1-2; Ps. 104:30; Isa. 63:9-11; Ezek. 37:13-14D. God (YHWH) and Messiah (Adon) are separate, Ps. 45:6-7; 110:1; Zech. 2:8-11; 10:9-12E. The Messiah and the Spirit are separate, Zech. 12:10F. All three are mentioned in Isa. 48:16; 61:1The Deity of Jesus and the personality of the Spirit caused problems for the strict, monotheistic,early believers.1. Tertullian – subordinated the Son to the Father2. Origen – subordinated the divine essence of the Son and the Spirit3. Arius – denied Deity to the Son and Spirit4. Monarchianism – believed in a successive manifestation of the one God as Father, Son, thenSpiritThe trinity is a historically developed formulation informed by the biblical material1. the full Deity of Jesus, equal to the Father, and was affirmed in A.D. 325 by the Council ofNicea2. the full personality and Deity of the Spirit equal to the Father and Son was affirmed by theCouncil of Constantinople (A.D. 381)3. the doctrine of the trinity is fully expressed in Augustine’s work De TrinitateThere is truly mystery here. But the NT seems to affirm one divine essence with three eternalpersonal manifestations.} “Here am I” This is a common Hebrew idiom for availability (cf. Gen. 22:1,7,11; 27:1; 31:11; 46:2;Exod. 3:4; I Sam. 3:4,5,6,8,16; 22:12; II Sam. 1:7).94