Planning for Renewable Energy in Worcestershire Research Paper

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GROUND/AIR/WATER SOURCE HEAT PUMPSOpportunitiesEconomic alternative to electric heatingfor schools, etc.Suitable for off-grid, remote buildings.Grant assistance may be available.Can also be designed to providesummer cooling.Minimal visual impact once installed.ConstraintsVaries according to source.For ground-source, land must be suitablystable and free of underground utilities,and must be accessible to plant.Dependant on further power source todrive pump, although there is anopportunity for this source to berenewable.Can provide heat but not power.Initial cost may be prohibitive.More suited to under-floor heating, whichis a rarity and is expensive to install.Can remove the need for gas in abuilding- safer and reduces expense ofannual safety checks.APPENDIX B ● Planning for Renewable Energy in WorcestershireTechnical Research Paper 49
APPENDIX B ● Planning for Renewable Energy in WorcestershireLARGE/SMALL-SCALE HYDRO-POWEROpportunitiesRivers including the Arrow, Avon,Severn, Stour, and Teme, run throughthe County, as well as numeroustributaries, brooks, etc, with potential tooffer reliable source of renewableenergy.Topography.BIOGASConstraintsDependent on water running pastparticular location. Majority of buildingsnot in this position.Potential landscape impactsAdditional regulations (such asEnvironment Agency's extraction licence,and the need for an EIA) may bedisincentive.Large-scale schemes involving dam(s)are unlikely and would require a suitablevalley, massive investment anddisruption.Small scale systems have a high capitalcost (£20-25k for a typical 5kW domesticscheme).OpportunitiesValuable source of energy from waste.ConstraintsNot all biogas recognised as trulyrenewable energy source by EU.Prevents dangerous build-ups of gas orleakages of atmospheric pollutants.Sewage sludge could yield 10.7GWh/year of electricity in the County,based on a population of 538,000generating 13,450 tonnes of sludge peryear. (Halcrow)Can be produced from agricultural &food waste (with a potentiallyvaluable fertiliser by-product).50Technical Research Paper
Page 2 and 3:
TECHNICAL RESEARCH PAPERPlanning fo
Page 4 and 5:
Executive SummaryGenerating energy
Page 6 and 7: SOCIAL BENEFITS OF RENEWABLEENERGY
Page 8 and 9: 1. Purpose1.1 This working paper is
Page 10 and 11: significant positive impact. Conser
Page 12 and 13: 3.1 An Energy White Paper, 'Meeting
Page 14 and 15: Regional3.10 The West Midlands Regi
Page 16 and 17: 4. Community Strategies, Climate Ch
Page 18 and 19: As mentioned elsewhere in this pape
Page 20 and 21: 5. Worcestershire’s Vulnerability
Page 22 and 23: 6. Renewable Energy and the Environ
Page 24 and 25: 6.10 Green belt designation covers
Page 26 and 27: 7. Social benefits of Renewable Ene
Page 28 and 29: 8.10 The economicbenefits of renewa
Page 30 and 31: Fig.1 - Responses to Questions 13(d
Page 32 and 33: 10. Baseline Data and Forecasts10.1
Page 34 and 35: 11. Technological Issues for Renewa
Page 36 and 37: 12. Infrastructure Requirements12.1
Page 38 and 39: 13.7 This research paper provides a
Page 40 and 41: Appendix A. Characteristics and App
Page 42 and 43: Domestic Micro Wind TurbinesDomesti
Page 44 and 45: Forests and WoodlandThe potential o
Page 46 and 47: acknowledged that increasing the su
Page 48 and 49: Ground/Water/Air Source HeatPumpsGr
Page 50 and 51: Biogas (Anaerobic Digestion)Biogas
Page 52 and 53: OpportunitiesFew planning obstacles
Page 54 and 55: OpportunitiesSignificant potential
Page 58 and 59: Appendix C. Example calculations of
Page 60 and 61: Appendix D. Maps of Predicted Incre
Page 62 and 63: Appendix E. Energy Saving Trust tab
Page 64 and 65: MAP OF DELIVERABLE WIND RESOURCEIN
Page 66 and 67: SOLAR IRRADIANCE AT DIFFERENTLOCATI
Page 68 and 69: MAP OF UPTAKE OF ENERGY CROP SCHEME
Page 70 and 71: FORESTRY COMMISSION WOODLAND OPPORT
Page 72 and 73: DISTRIBUTION OF WOODLAND OF OVER 2
Page 74 and 75: CO2 EMMISSIONS IN WORCESTERSHIRE IN
Page 76 and 77: CHANGE IN CO2 EMISSIONS IN WORCESTE
Page 78 and 79: TOTAL FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION AT L
Page 80 and 81: Appendix H. Sources of Further Info
Page 82 and 83: Further ReadingThe Assessment and R
Page 84 and 85: Rural Regeneration Zone Annual Repo
Page 86: This document can be made available
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