Slayt 1 - RTC, Regional Training Centre - Turkey

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3 reasons processes need to be parameterized1. Phenomena are too small or too complex to be resolvednumerically – computers aren’t powerful enough to directlytreat them2. Processes are often not understood well enough to berepresented by an equation3. Effects profoundly impact model fields and are crucial formaking realistic forecastsProblems associated with using parameterizationsresult from:1. Increasing complexity of parameterization2. Interactions between parameterization schemes – these areharder to trace than errors occurring in a single scheme
«Computations indicate that a perfect modelshould produce three-day forecasts ... Whichare generally good; one week forecasts ...Which are occacionally good; and two-weekforecasts ... Which, although not very good,may contain some useful information» E. LORENZ, 1993: The Essence of Chaos. Univ. OfWashington Press, Seattle. 227 pp.
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ATMOSPHERIC MODELINGNUMERICAL WEATH
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MTO477Brief History of Meteorology
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Excerpts from Aristotle’sMeteorol
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The Forces of a Parcel of Air
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Atmospheric Model Aerosol processes
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Highlights 1955 - First Operational
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Highlights 1996 - AVN/MRF changed t
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Highlights2001 (November) - Major c
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Equivalent-Barotropic Atmosphere Co
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Thermal Wind (Remember?)The thermal
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Written in general form:tAiA i = de
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Example of a diagnostic equation:Co
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NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTIONLECTURE
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Model ComponentsForecast:This repre
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Model ComponentsDynamics:In NWP, dy
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Parameterized Processes and Paramet
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Parameterizing Sub Grid-Scale Proce
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Accounting for the Effects of Physi
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Outlook As computer power increases
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DiscussionThe correct choices are (
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1- NWP EquationsIn NWP, future valu
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2-The Primitive Equations
Page 120 and 121: Horizontal advection of west-to-eas
Page 122 and 123: Additional Information: Coriolis Fo
Page 124 and 125: Additional Information: Coriolis Fo
Page 126 and 127: Temperature Forecast EquationTime c
Page 128 and 129: Hydrostatic or Vertical MomentumEqu
Page 130 and 131: Physical ProcessesAll of the foreca
Page 132 and 133: How Models Solve the ForecastEquati
Page 134 and 135: Representing the Forecast Variables
Page 136 and 137: 3-Grid Point: Data RepresentationGr
Page 138 and 139: 4-Grid Point ModelsIn the real atmo
Page 140 and 141: 5- SPECTRAL MODELHow Data are Repre
Page 142 and 143: Use of Grid Point Methods in Spectr
Page 144 and 145: Impacts of Grid Point Physics Calcu
Page 146 and 147: 7- Hydrostatic Models Most grid poi
Page 148 and 149: Non-Hydrostatic Models In addition,
Page 151 and 152: HYDROSTATIC MODELS Characteristics
Page 153 and 154: References Carr, F.H., 1988: Introd
Page 155 and 156: The dependent variables in this set
Page 157 and 158: Problems in finding suitable latera
Page 159 and 160: Conditions whichOnemakeBIGthe primi
Page 161 and 162: Courant-Friederichs-Lewy criteria C
Page 163 and 164: Setting up a Numerical Model Grid p
Page 165 and 166: Horizontal resolution Horizontal re
Page 167 and 168: Sigma Coordinate System (σ)p• De
Page 169: Convective ParameterizationSchemes
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Slayt 1 - RTC, Regional Training Centre - Turkey

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