Slayt 1 - RTC, Regional Training Centre - Turkey

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Courant-Friederichs-Lewy criteria cont.If the time step and grid spacing is known, this criteria can beused to determine the fastest wave the model will be able toresolveExample d = 30 km and t = 90 sec (MM5 model)dt230km90sec 2.236kmsec3600850kmhrNote – smaller than the speed of sound which is 1152 km/hrIf this criteria is not obeyed, small scale waves amplifyrapidly and overwhelm the solution leading tocomputational instability
Setting up a Numerical Model Grid point models – models that solve the forecastequations at equally spaced grid points. Forecast variables specified on a set of grid points Spectral models – models that emulate the process ofdrawing contours through a data field to represent theforecast variables. Forecast variables at all locations using a combination ofcontinuous waves of differing wavelength and amplitude
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ATMOSPHERIC MODELINGNUMERICAL WEATH
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MTO477Brief History of Meteorology
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Excerpts from Aristotle’sMeteorol
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The Forces of a Parcel of Air
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Atmospheric Model Aerosol processes
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Highlights 1955 - First Operational
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Highlights 1996 - AVN/MRF changed t
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Highlights2001 (November) - Major c
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Equivalent-Barotropic Atmosphere Co
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Thermal Wind (Remember?)The thermal
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Written in general form:tAiA i = de
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Example of a diagnostic equation:Co
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NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTIONLECTURE
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Model ComponentsForecast:This repre
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Model ComponentsDynamics:In NWP, dy
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Parameterized Processes and Paramet
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Parameterizing Sub Grid-Scale Proce
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Accounting for the Effects of Physi
Page 112 and 113: Outlook As computer power increases
Page 114 and 115: DiscussionThe correct choices are (
Page 116 and 117: 1- NWP EquationsIn NWP, future valu
Page 118 and 119: 2-The Primitive Equations
Page 120 and 121: Horizontal advection of west-to-eas
Page 122 and 123: Additional Information: Coriolis Fo
Page 124 and 125: Additional Information: Coriolis Fo
Page 126 and 127: Temperature Forecast EquationTime c
Page 128 and 129: Hydrostatic or Vertical MomentumEqu
Page 130 and 131: Physical ProcessesAll of the foreca
Page 132 and 133: How Models Solve the ForecastEquati
Page 134 and 135: Representing the Forecast Variables
Page 136 and 137: 3-Grid Point: Data RepresentationGr
Page 138 and 139: 4-Grid Point ModelsIn the real atmo
Page 140 and 141: 5- SPECTRAL MODELHow Data are Repre
Page 142 and 143: Use of Grid Point Methods in Spectr
Page 144 and 145: Impacts of Grid Point Physics Calcu
Page 146 and 147: 7- Hydrostatic Models Most grid poi
Page 148 and 149: Non-Hydrostatic Models In addition,
Page 151 and 152: HYDROSTATIC MODELS Characteristics
Page 153 and 154: References Carr, F.H., 1988: Introd
Page 155 and 156: The dependent variables in this set
Page 157 and 158: Problems in finding suitable latera
Page 159 and 160: Conditions whichOnemakeBIGthe primi
Page 161: Courant-Friederichs-Lewy criteria C
Page 165 and 166: Horizontal resolution Horizontal re
Page 167 and 168: Sigma Coordinate System (σ)p• De
Page 169 and 170: Convective ParameterizationSchemes
Page 171: «Computations indicate that a perf
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Slayt 1 - RTC, Regional Training Centre - Turkey

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