Patel, P., Mendall, M.A., Khulusi, S.,Northfield, T.C.<strong>and</strong> Strachan, D.P. (1994)Heliobacter pylori infection in childhood:risk fac<strong>to</strong>rs <strong>and</strong> effect on growth BritishMedical Journal 309: 1119-23Pearl, M., Braveman, P. <strong>and</strong> Abrams, B.(2001) The relationship of neighbourhoodsocio-economic characteristics <strong>to</strong> birthweight among five ethnic groups inCalifornia American Journal of Public Health91: 1808-14Pedro-Carroll, J. (2001) The promotion ofwellness in children <strong>and</strong> families:challenges <strong>and</strong> opportunities. AmericanPsychologist 56(11):993-1004Penn,H. (2001) Research in the MajorityWorld. In T.David (ed) Advances in AppliedEarly Childhood Education. Vol.1. PromotingEvidence-Based Practice in Early ChildhoodEducation London: JAI pp.289-308Perner, J. (1999) Theory of Mind. InM.Bennett (ed) Developmental PsychologyLondon: Taylor <strong>and</strong> Francis pp.205-230Perry, B.D. (1994) Neurobiological sequelaeof childhood trauma: post-traumatic stressdisorders in children. In M. Murberg (ed)Catecholamine function in post-traumaticstress disorder: emerging conceptsWashing<strong>to</strong>n DC: American Psychiatric Presspp.233-55Petrie, P. (1997) Communicating withChildren <strong>and</strong> Adults: Interpersonal Skills forEarly Years <strong>and</strong> Play Work. 2nd Edition.London: ArnoldPi a g e t, J . ( 1932) The Mo ral Judgement of theChild London: Routledge <strong>and</strong> Kegan PaulPi a g e t, J . ( 1955) The Language <strong>and</strong>Thought of the Ch i l d Lo n d o n : Ro u t l e d g e<strong>and</strong> Kegan Pa u lPiaget, J. (1962) Play, Dreams <strong>and</strong> Imitationin Childhood New York: Nor<strong>to</strong>nPi e rce, D. (2000) Mate rnal Ma n a g e m e nt ofthe Home as a Deve l o p m e ntal Pl ay Sp a cefor In f a nts <strong>and</strong> Toddlers The Am e ri ca nJo u rnal of Occupational Th e ra py 54 :290- 299Plomin,R. <strong>and</strong> Bergeman,C.S.(1991) Thenature of nurture: genetic influence on‘environmental’ measures. Behavioural <strong>and</strong>Brain Sciences 14:373-427Pollack, S.D., Cicchetti, D., Hornung, K.<strong>and</strong> Reed, A. (2000) Recognizing emotionin faces: developmental effects of childabuse <strong>and</strong> neglect DevelopmentalPsychology 36(5):679-88Polnay, L.<strong>and</strong> Hull, D. (1998) CommunityPaediatrics London: Churchill Livings<strong>to</strong>nePost, J.<strong>and</strong> Hohmann, M. (2000) TenderCare <strong>and</strong> Early Learning, Supporting Families<strong>and</strong> Toddlers in Childcare Settings. Michigan:High/Scope PressPowell, G.J. (1985) Self-concepts amongAfro-American students in racially isolatedminority schools: some regionaldifferences Journal of the AmericanAcademy of Child Psychiatry 24: 142-9Powell,J. (1997) Who is listening?Protecting young children from abuse.In L. Abbott <strong>and</strong> H. Moylett (eds) Working167
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AcknowledgementsThe authors and pub
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Relationships with other people (bo
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policies for families. So this lite
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etween three and nine years old whi
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0 - 8 months: Heads Up, Lookers and
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e a rliest ye a r s’ 1 , is the c
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distinguish between things, and tha
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Chapter 2Influential research and t
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THE ISSUE OF THEORIES AS CULTURALCO
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p a rt i c u l a rly in re l ation
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developed by Bereiter and Engelmann
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familiar settings. By about one yea
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child as learning and developing in
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are important to them,blanking out
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THEORIES ABOUT EARLY CHILDHOODEDUCA
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Chapter 3A Strong ChildIn the Frame
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A GROWING AWARENESS OF SELF AND THE
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( a d a p ted from Davies 1999 : 12
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them with an inadequate modelof rew
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However, even sensitive parents and
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It is preferable to have stabilityi
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something surprising and strangehap
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when someone else is upset or hurt,
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main factors enabling such self-ass
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demonstrate achievements - ‘Go on
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implications for siblings, which ar
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with friends fared be t ter than th
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Attending to external demands (such
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Chapter 4A Skilful CommunicatorThis
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elationships with close and protect
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adults and siblings around them. Th
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interactions and interchanges depen
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in the first 18 months. Depressed m
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Karmiloff-Smith 2001: 183). Further
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then language grows in a safe and f
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‘language’. However, there is m
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of his granddaughter Alice’s very
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For example, Eliot (just two years
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Chapter 5A Competent LearnerA Compe
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understandings was crucial. They sh
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still gave them biscuits, because t
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The importance of social interactio
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a fast-moving sce n e. When the pro
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exploratory and affective nature of
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with image (the image of a letter)
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in the literacy life of his three y
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Being CreativeYoung babies explore
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Chapter 6A Healthy ChildA Healthy C
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FIGURE 1:SIX ASPECTS OF HEALTH (MEG
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It is only by being given oppo rtun
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developmental psychology and earlye
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f rom such an approach can be t ter
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It has also provided useful insight
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FIGURE 2:SHORE’S (1997:18) CHART
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