JeanPaul_Sartre_JeanPaul_Sartre_Basic_Writing

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Bad faith219sight “fixed at ten paces”). There are indeed many precautions to imprison a man inwhat he is, as if we lived in perpetual fear that he might escape from it, that he mightbreak away and suddenly elude his condition.In a parallel situation, from within, the waiter in the café can not be immediately acafé waiter in the sense that this inkwell is an inkwell, or the glass is a glass. It is by nomeans that he can not form reflective judgments or concepts concerning his condition.He knows well what it “means:” the obligation of getting up at five o’clock, ofsweeping the floor of the shop before the restaurant opens, of starting the coffee potgoing, etc. He knows the rights which it allows: the right to the tips, the right to belongto a union, etc. But all these concepts, all these judgments refer to the transcendent. Itis a matter of abstract possibilities, of rights and duties conferred on a “personpossessing rights.” And it is precisely this person who I have to be (if I am the waiterin question) and who I am not. It is not that I do not wish to be this person or that Iwant this person to be different. But rather there is no common measure between hisbeing and mine. It is a “representation” for others and for myself, which means that Ican be he only in representation. But if I represent myself as him, I am not he; I amseparated from him as the object from the subject, separated by nothing, but thisnothing isolates me from him. I can not be he, I can only play at being him; that is,imagine to myself that I am he. And thereby I affect him with nothingness. In vain doI fulfill the functions of a café waiter. I can be he only in the neutralized mode, as theactor is Hamlet, by mechanically making the typical gestures of my state and byaiming at myself as an imaginary café waiter through those gestures taken as an“analogue. ”7 What I attempt to realize is a being-in-itself of the café waiter, as if it werenot just in my power to confer their value and their urgency upon my duties and therights of my position, as if it were not my free choice to get up each morning at fiveo’clock or to remain in bed, even though it meant getting fired. As if from the very factthat I sustain this role in existence I did not transcend it on every side, as if I did notconstitute myself as one beyond my condition. Yet there is no doubt that I am in asense a café waiter— otherwise could I not just as well call myself a diplomat or areporter? But if I am one, this can not be in the mode of being in-itself. I am a waiterin the mode of being what I am not.Furthermore we are dealing with more than mere social positions; I am never anyone of my attitudes, any one of my actions. The good speaker is the one who plays atspeaking, because he can not be speaking. The attentive pupil who wishes to beattentive, his eyes riveted on the teacher, his ears open wide, so exhausts himself inplaying the attentive tole that he ends up by no longer hearing anything. Perpetuallyabsent to my body, to my acts, I am despite myself that “divine absence” of which
220Jean-Paul Sartre: Basic WritingsValéry speaks. I can not say either that I am here or that I am not here, in the sense thatwe say “that box of matches is on the table;” this would be to confuse my “being-inthe-world”with a “being-in the midst of the world.” Nor that I am standing, nor thatI am seated; this would be to confuse my body with the idiosyncratic totality ofwhich it is only one of the structures. On all sides I escape being and yet—I am.Notes1 A“being-with” others in the world. Tr.2 Sartre’s own word, meaning subject to sudden changes or transitions. Tr.3 N.R.F.4 L’amour, c’est beaucoup plus que l’amour.5 Je suis trop grand pour moi.6 Il est devenu ce qu’il était. Tel qu’en lui-même enfin l’éternité le change.7 Cf. L’Imaginaire. Conclusion.
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5 BeingThe question What is being?
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Page 213 and 214: 11 Bad faithThe reality of our free
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16 PoliticsSartre’s massive and c
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BibliographyChronological bibliogra
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336 Bibliography1954Kean, ou Desord
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338 BibliographyNotebooks for an Et
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