chickpEa disEasE managEmEnT FACT SHEET - Grains Research ...

A fungicide program needs to account forthe following:Disease risk categories. Base onvarietal susceptibility or resistance;source and treatment of seed; plantingproximity to previous season’s chickpeastubble; level of AB inoculum presentfrom crop residue or volunteers;and climatic conditions in relation topotential disease infection.Registration status. The productmust be registered or have a permit forthe disease and use.Withholding period. All products andtimings used in the fungicide programmust meet Australian withholdingperiods and export slaughter intervals.Fungicide resistance management.Adhere to the maximum number ofsprays of a product to minimise the riskof fungicide resistance developing.Mode of action. Rotate betweenmodes of action to reduce the risk offungicide resistance developing andimprove efficacy. Fungicides are alsorecommended at times of the diseaselife cycle where they will be most effectiveaccording to their mode of action.Cost effectiveness. Fungicide usemust be cost effective.Fungicide treatments for ABChlorothalonil is the more effective foliarfungicide for AB. Only Unite ® 720 and Barrack ®720 are registered for this use on chickpeas.Mancozeb and metiram can also providesome protection from AB if timelinessof application is observed; for example,mancozeb might protect for a fortnightwhile chlorothalonil could protect for 21days under certain conditions.Efficacy differences between products canarise if AB is present. Protective fungicidesprays should be applied one to three daysahead of rainfall to prevent the infectionspreading. No new ascochyta blightinfection will occur during dry periods, sofungicide application can be held off untilrain (more than five millimetres) is forecast.Do not wait until after the rain.With ascochyta blight resistant varieties likePBA Slasher A , Genesis 090 or Genesis079, spraying for ascochyta blight beforeproduced by www.coretext.com.authe podding stage is unnecessary,especially if no lesions are present.A single application of chlorothalonil atpodding, ahead of a rain event, may besufficient for grain protection in moreresistant cultivars. A repeat application maybe necessary only in severe and extendeddisease pressure situations.Varieties with intermediate resistance– that is moderately susceptible (MS)to moderately resistant (MR) – suchas Genesis Kalkee, Genesis 114,Genesis 836 or Almaz A will requirethree to four foliar fungicide applicationsduring vegetative stages, as well as duringpodding to protect yield and seed quality.Susceptible (S) varieties such as Howzat Aor Kaniva need between four and 10fungicide sprays throughout the growingseason (timing is critical) with spraysapplied ahead of rain fronts.Fungicide treatments for BGMBGM in seedlings can reduce plantestablishment throughout the growingseason if infected seed is sown.Warm, humid conditions under a densecrop canopy in spring are ideal for thespread of BGM.Carbendazim is the most effectivefungicide against a BGM epidemic. Use ofchlorothalonil, mancozeb or metiram as afoliar spray for control of ascochyta blighthas the added benefit of providing someprotection and reduction of BGM.Applications targeted at AB during poddingmight however be too late for BGM.Early harvestHarvest at maturity to minimise ascochytablight seed infection and potentialdowngrading. Seed damage from ABis usually more severe when crops areharvested late.Chickpea crop desiccation assists in earlyharvest, but care is needed because of thelate maturity. Do not crop-top or desiccateprematurely as it can affect grain quality,particularly kernel or seed coat colour.Early harvest will also give the best chanceof achieving number 1 grade chickpeareceival standard.Further informationJenny DavidsonSouth Australian Research andDevelopment Institute08 8303 9389jenny.davidson@sa.gov.auWayne HawthornePulse Australia0429 647 455wayne@pulseaus.com.auKurt LindbeckNSW Department of Primary Industries02 6938 1608kurt.lindbeck@dpi.nsw.gov.auHelen RichardsonVictorian Department of PrimaryIndustries03 5362 2111helen.richardson@dpi.vic.gov.auUseful resourcesPulse Breeders Australiawww.grdc.com.au/pbaChickpea: Disease managementstrategy – southern regionwww.pulseaus.com.auChickpea: Botrytis grey mouldmanagementwww.pulseaus.com.auChickpea: Integrated diseasemanagementwww.pulseaus.com.auChickpea checklist for southerngrowerswww.pulseaus.com.auAscochyta blight of chickpeawww.dpi.vic.gov.au (search AG1186)Sclerotinia of chickpeawww.dpi.vic.gov.au (search AG0453)Chickpea Disorders: the Ute Guidewww.grdc.com.au/GRDC-UteGuide-ChickpeaDisordersDisclaimerAny recommendations, suggestions or opinions contained in this publication do not necessarily represent the policy or views of the Grains Research and Development Corporation.No person should act on the basis of the contents of this publication without first obtaining specific, independent, professional advice.The Corporation and contributors to this Fact Sheet may identify products by proprietary or trade names to help readers identify particular types of products.We do not endorse or recommend the products of any manufacturer referred to. Other products may perform as well as or better than those specifically referred to.The GRDC will not be liable for any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred or arising by reason of any person using or relying on the information in this publication.CAUTION: RESEARCH ON UNREGISTERED PESTICIDE USEAny research with unregistered pesticides or of unregistered products reported in this document does not constitute a recommendation for that particular use by the authors or the authors’ organisations.All pesticide applications must accord with the currently registered label for that particular pesticide, crop, pest and region.Copyright © All material published in this Fact Sheet is copyright protected and may not be reproduced in any form without written permission from the GRDC.page 4GRDC Project codesDAN00151, DAN00147, PAL00017Acknowledgements: Jenny Davidson,Wayne Hawthorne, Kurt Lindbeck,Helen Richardson.