ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - UAE Interact

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148UNITED ARAB EMIRATES YEARBOOK 2006ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT149GASCOGASCO operates a number of gas processing plants, dealing with both onshoreand offshore gas. They are briefly described below.The Habshan-Bab Gas Complex, the first ADNOC gas processing plant atHabshan, was built in 1983 at Bab oil and gas field, to process sour gas fromThamama-C reservoir wells. The plant went through several expansion projects(OGD-I in 1996; OGD-II in 2001), thereby increasing its gas processing capacityrates to make it one of the largest gas processing plants in the world. The Habshanplant currently has a total of eight gas processing trains and two gas injectiontrains with a feed gas capacity of 3300 mmscf/d. The plant produces network gas,natural gas liquids (NGL), condensate and sulphur.The Bab Plant is located across the road from ADCO Crude Degassing Plant,five kilometres from the Habshan plant. This single train NGL extraction plant wasstarted up in 1981; it was de-bottlenecked to increase its capacity up to 150mmscf/d in 1989. Due to the immediate proximity of the two plants, Habshan andBab were grouped into one single entity in charge of operating the entire Habshan-Bab Gas Complex in 2002.The Bu Hasa NGL extraction plant has two trains with a total processing capacityof 540 mmscf/d. It receives associated gas from the neighbouring Bu Hasa oil fieldoperated by ADCO. It produces NGL and lean gas.The Asab NGL Plant, located next to the ADCO operated Asab oil field, 190kilometres south of Abu Dhabi City, is an NGL extraction plant that processes thegas associated with oil production. Since its start-up in 1981, it has been in fulloperation and is at the beginning of the NGL pipeline system that runs to the GASCONGL fractionation plant at Ruwais. It has a feed gas capacity of 300 mmscf/d.The Asab Gas Plant (AGP) started in 2001 to process condensate rich gas. It is agas cycling plant encompassing two parallel processing trains, with a total capacityof 825 mmscf/d. Condensate is extracted from the feed-gas and transferred to theTakreer Ruwais refinery.The Ruwais NGL Fractionation Plant is located in the Ruwais Industrial Area.It receives NGL from the other GASCO Plants as well as from the neighbouringTakreer Refinery. The Plant can process 7.2 million tonnes of NGL per year andconsists of two fractionation trains, storage tanks and a loading jetty for exportingLiquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) and Pentane plus. Since November 2001, theRuwais plant also delivers ethane to the neighbouring Borouge petrochemical plantto be used in the production of ethylene.Over the recent years several major projects have been completed by GASCO.These include Ruwais Digital Control System (2001), Asab Gas DevelopmentPhase I (2001), Ruwais Upgrading Project (2001), Maqta-Jebel Ali Gas pipelineproject (2002), Onshore Gas Development Phase II (2002), Buhasa IntegratedControl System (2005), and the Habshan Ethane Recovery Maximization (2005).IraqVenezuelaAlgeriaNigeriaUnited StatesUnited Arab EmiratesSaudi ArabiaQatarIranRussiaSource: Oil & Gas Journal, Vol. 102, No. 47million standard cu m50,00045,00040,00035,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,00002000 2001 2002 2003 2004*Source: OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2004Natural Gas Reserves by Country, 2005Natural Gas Production in UAE, 2000–2004Marketed productionReinjectionShrinkageFlaring2000 2001 2002 2003 2004* % change 04/03Gross production 50,530 59,020 63,830 64,000 65,430 2.2Marketed production 38,380 39,360 43,390 44,800 45,800 2.2Reinjection 7,500 14,600 15,200 13,760 14,060 2.2Shrinkage 3,360 4,370 4,770 4,830 4,940 2.3Flaring 1,290 690 470 610 630 3.3
150UNITED ARAB EMIRATES YEARBOOK 2006ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT151Projects costing in excess of US$4 billion are under execution and due forcompletion progressively during the years 2007/08. Salient features of some ofthese major projects are highlighted below.(i) The Offshore Gas Development Phase III (OGD – III) Project is designed toprocess 1306 mmscf/d of condensate rich gas (Thamama ‘F’) at Habshan andto produce 11,800 t/d NGL (including 3400 t/d ethane) and 130,000 b/dcondensate. Residue gas will be re-injected back into the reservoir for pressuremaintenance purposes (gas cycling).Main facilities will include two trains each of inlet separation, condensatestabilisation, gas treatment and NGL recovery units. The project will also includeinstallation of a gas re-injection system and a separate NGL pipeline from Habshanto Ruwais, apart from various utilities and offsite facilities.The EPC Contract for OGD III Project was awarded to M/S Bechtel (UK) inDecember 2004 and the work is expected to be completed by April 2008.(ii) The third NGL train at Ruwais is designed to process an additional 24,400 t/dof NGL produced from OGD-III, AGD-II and other projects and to produce about6400 t/d of raw ethane for transfer to the petrochemical plant at Ruwais (Borouge),6000 t/d each of propane and butane and 5800 t/d of pentane plus products.The project essentially comprises a new NGL fractionation train and new storagetanks for propane, butane and pentane-plus together with some new jetty andancilliary facilities. An EPC contract was awarded to M/S Snamprogetti (Italy) inMarch 2005 and is due for completion by May 2008.(iii) The Asab Gas Development – Phase II (AGD-II) is designed to recover6400 t/d of NGL from the sour condensate rich gas from the existing Asab GasPlant (AGP). Residue gas will be re-injected back into the reservoir for pressuremaintenance purposes (gas cycling).Main facilities include two trains each of gas treatment and NGL recovery units,apart from a new NGL pipeline from Asab to Habshan and the required utilitiesand offsite facilities. An EPC contract was awarded to Bechtel in July 2005 and isdue for completion by September 2008. This is the last of the five major projectswithin the overall scheme of onshore gas development initiated by ANDOC.(iv) The Habshan Gas Complex Expansion involves installation of an additionalgas processing train at Habshan (capacity up to 360 mmscf/d), to process additionalnon-associated or associated gas, in particular from the ADCO crude oil expansionproject at Bab. It will also process high-pressure gas from Buhasa to achieveoperational flexibility between Buhasa and Habshan. It includes increasing thegas injection capacity at Habshan from 1100 mmscf/d to 1525 mmscf/d and theinstallation of an additional pair of sulphur recovery units (SRU).(v) The Offshore Associated Gas Project (OAG) envisages transporting the excessoffshore associated from Das Island through a 200-kilometre-long, 24-inch diameteroffshore / onshore pipeline and to process it at Habshan. It will establish a strategiclink between the offshore and onshore facilities.Pre-FEED study for the project was completed by M/S Fluor (USA) in September2004. The Front-End Engineering and Design (FEED) contract was awarded toFluor (UK) in February 2005 and was scheduled for completion by November2005. EPC implementation of the project is planned to be achieved by the secondquarter of 2008.Other GASCO projects include upgrading of facilities at Buhasa, an Asab andBab integrated control system, and the Ruwais GUP power interconnection.ADGASOffshore gas development is also of crucial importance to Abu Dhabi’s economy,with current work being focused on increasing efficiency with regard to extractionrates. Most of the gas produced offshore is supplied to the Abu Dhabi GasLiquefaction Company’s (ADGAS) liquefaction plant on Das Island. In December2004 ADGAS contracted with German company Siemens to modernise and expandthe power supply system at its liquefaction plant.From the outset all the ADGAS plant’s LNG and most of its LPG were purchasedby Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) under a 20-year contract that tookeffect in 1977 and provided for TEPCO to lift 2 million t/y of LNG and 500,000 t/yof LPG. In 1990 the company decided to more than double the capacity of its plantto 5.4 million t/y of LNG, 1.7 million t/y of LPG and 535,000 t/y of pentane-plus. Theexpansion entailed the installation in 1994 of a third liquefaction train with acapacity of 2.3 million t/y of LNG and 250,000 t/y of LPG. Like the original units,the third liquefaction train has consistently operated in excess of its design capacity.The plant’s LNG capacity was further increased in August 2001, when ADGAScompleted the revamp of the propane compressor serving its third liquefactiontrain, boosting its production capacity from 320 tons/hour to 380 tons/hour.In early 2002, the company signed a FEED contract with the Chiyoda Corporationfor an additional LPG train with a capacity of approximately 1 million t/y. Shortlyafterwards, in October 2002, ADGAS signed an agreement with BP Gas MarketingCompany for the supply of up to 750,000 t/y of LNG. The contract runs to theend of 2005, and could be extended to the end of 2007, depending on BP’srequirements. Whilst TEPCO remains ADGAS’s major customer, marketingdevelopment has considerably broadened the client base in recent years. Inaddition to the sales to BP mentioned above, the company has sold its gas productsto European, American and Asian clients.One major offshore gas development project completed in the latter part of 2004entailed further development of the Khuff gas reservoirs under the Abu al-Bukhoosh(ABK) field, 45 kilometres north-west of Das Island. It provides for the volume
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