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182nd YEAR3rd YEAR4th YEAR5th YEAR6th YEAR. FULL DEVELOPMENT.DEVELOPMENT STAGES OFANTLERS IN A YOUNGFALLOW DEER.ILLUSTRATION II.
19The Fallow Deer in the wild state is altogether more cunning thanthe Red and rarely gives the marksman a second chance or even a firstone. for that matter. This instinct of distrust towards man is very strongand they will not willingly cross or use paths or roads during the daytime.Like all deer. they come out to feed early in the morning and lateat night but lie close in or near cover during the day. In the wild statethese deer are not gregarious but wander about in small groups and thesexes segregate until the stag. which is polygamous. starts to gather hisharem in Autumn. For food. the Fallow Deer depends mainly on grassbut is also a natural browser on trees and shrubs and when occasion arisesmakes excellent headway with the farmers' crops. Though the antlersof the Fallow Deer are not so much pT:ized.as.theRedDeer. his venisonis much superior and makes excellent eating.THE JAPANESE OR SIKA DEER (Cervus nippon)This deer is a comparatively recent introduction to this country andseemingly did not arrive till late in the 19th century. It has. however.broken out of the few demesnes where it was established and has readilyaccommodated itself to the country and particularly to the mountainsand has become quite numerous in certain locations.The Japanese Deer were introduced into Powerscourt demesne.County Wicklow. in 1884 and in 1935 Peter Delap stated that there weresome 500-600 head and that they had overrun the entire Deer Park.Perhaps indeed. soon, they will invade the whole mountain area ofCounty Wicklow. Japanese Deer were also introduced into Killarney,probably about the same time and found the country there equally totheir liking so that the present estimate of the number of head in thatdistrict is 700 and is probably more. There is also a remote suggestionthat the Japanese deer was introduced into Waterford probably atCurraghmore but it is not named as one of the species found at large inthat county or the Suir valley to-day. It has a few other stations scatteredover the country but has never increased as in Wicklow and Kerry. Itsnatural range is Northern China, Manchuria and Japan.The antlers of the Japanese Deer are round but shorter and simplerthan any others of the Red Deer group. They arise from the head withan immediate light brow tine but then develop more or less upwardswithout any Bez tine instead of sweeping outwards and then upwards aswith the Red Deer. There is a tres tine and then the crown which mayconsist of one to three points as in Illustration III. (See overleaf).The coat is spotted in summer and there is a very distinctive whiteregion about the tail which is very noticeable when the animal is movingaway. The tail is a comparatively long one- but not as long as inthe Fallow deer- with a whitish tip. The coat is chestnut-red withnumerous white spots in the summer of which there is little trace in thewinter. The coat is very dark and almost black in the stag and doe
Page 1: IRISH FORESTR YVol. IX. No. 1 SUMME
Page 4 and 5: SOCIETY OF IRISH FORESTERSPresident
Page 6 and 7: 4Need I dwell on the complexities i
Page 8 and 9: 6Division. The final report is form
Page 10 and 11: 8The picture I have painted of Dari
Page 12 and 13: 10I am sure you have all been menta
Page 14 and 15: 12resistance to the invaders became
Page 16 and 17: 14RED DEER HEAD.BEZ TINE12 POINTS.I
Page 18 and 19: 16In Wicklow the strain is not nati
Page 22 and 23: 20JAPANESE DEER.ANTLERS.FRONT VIEWS
Page 24 and 25: 22This little animal is a lover of
Page 26 and 27: 24neck reaching to the leaves in th
Page 28 and 29: 26principally on measures of contro
Page 30 and 31: PINUS CONTORTA as a Forest Tree In
Page 32 and 33: 30any blanks resulting from frost t
Page 34 and 35: 32humus may acctlerate podsolisatio
Page 36 and 37: TENTH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETINGTHE Ten
Page 38 and 39: 36with satisfaction that the rate o
Page 40 and 41: 38The vote of thanks to the speaker
Page 42 and 43: COVER PHOTOGRAPHOur cover photograp
Page 44 and 45: .:-................................
Page 46 and 47: IRISH FORESTRY is fully served by:-
Page 48 and 49: Felling and Cross-CuttingTREESCAN B
Page 51 and 52: Benjamin Reid & fjO.20 HADDEN STREE

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