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Table of ContentsForeword1 Migration and Development: the Forgotten Migrants 7Frank LaczkoIntroduction2 Internal and International Migration and Development: 15Research and Policy PerspectivesJosh DeWind and Jennifer HoldawayConnecting Internal and International Migrationand Development3 Linkages Between Internal and International Migration 27Ronald Skeldon4 Translocal Livelihoods, Networks of Family and 37Community, and Remittances in Central PeruNorman Long5 Simultaneity and Networks in Transnational Migration: 69Lessons Learned from a Simultaneous Matched-SampleMethodologyValentina Mazzucato6 Remittances, Inequality and Poverty: 101Evidence from Rural MexicoJ. Edward Taylor, Jorge Mora, Richard Adams,and Alejandro López-Feldman3
Page 2 and 3: The opinions expressed in the repor
Page 6 and 7: Comparing the Impacts of Internal a
Page 9 and 10: 1Migration and Development:the Forg
Page 11 and 12: home to their families, a sum much
Page 13: will occur within borders. Estimate
Page 17 and 18: 2Internal and International Migrati
Page 19 and 20: migration processes. Internal and i
Page 21 and 22: sending and receiving locations. Wh
Page 23 and 24: provide the basis for prosperity or
Page 25: and growth ultimately depends on th
Page 29 and 30: 3Linkages between Internal and Inte
Page 31 and 32: alleviation of poverty. Again, some
Page 33 and 34: 2. Internal Migration Leading to In
Page 35 and 36: at different times, each dependent
Page 37 and 38: country; the overseas Chinese or th
Page 39 and 40: 4Translocal Livelihoods, Networks o
Page 41 and 42: pattern of migration that, from the
Page 43 and 44: urban growth and planning was takin
Page 45 and 46: dilemmas and exigencies, rather tha
Page 47 and 48: a central issue in the interpretati
Page 49 and 50: on Jiménez’s death when his chil
Page 51 and 52: him but after your helpful advice [
Page 53 and 54: There are, for example, many studie
Page 55 and 56:
whose length of stay has varied acc
Page 57 and 58:
5.1 Remittance Flows between Cajata
Page 59 and 60:
the countryside appears consistent
Page 61 and 62:
For all the above reasons, the expl
Page 63 and 64:
ReferencesAdams, R.1959 A Community
Page 65 and 66:
Levitt, P.1996 “Social remittance
Page 67 and 68:
Sorensen, N.N., N. van Hear, and P.
Page 69 and 70:
Genealogy 2: Jiménez Family in 199
Page 71 and 72:
5Simultaneity and Networks in Trans
Page 73 and 74:
emphasizes the importance of people
Page 75 and 76:
1992; Gardner 1999; Glick Schiller
Page 77 and 78:
Once the selection of respondents w
Page 79 and 80:
Non-remittance spending shows that
Page 81 and 82:
supporting a nephew in Ghana throug
Page 83 and 84:
papers is becoming longer. There we
Page 85 and 86:
In the case of having been caught a
Page 87 and 88:
the pitfalls of human recollection
Page 89 and 90:
y theoretical transnationalism stud
Page 91 and 92:
This mixture of migration and devel
Page 93 and 94:
De Lange A.2003 “In Soulemitenga
Page 95 and 96:
Kabki, M., V. Mazzucato, and E. App
Page 97 and 98:
Mensah, K., M. Mackintosh, and L. H
Page 99 and 100:
Saifullah Khan, V.1977 “The Pakis
Page 101 and 102:
2001 “Transnationalism and identi
Page 103 and 104:
6Remittances, Inequality and Povert
Page 105 and 106:
ecruiters’ fees). Households and
Page 107 and 108:
To implement the survey, Mexico was
Page 109 and 110:
Migrant remittances are not equally
Page 111 and 112:
(Stark, Taylor and Yitzhaki, 1986).
Page 113 and 114:
poverty effect must be determined e
Page 115 and 116:
increase in remittances from migran
Page 117 and 118:
Table 5. Inter-regional Comparison
Page 119 and 120:
Results of the poverty experiments
Page 121 and 122:
ReferencesAdams, Jr., R.H.1986 “T
Page 123 and 124:
Oberai, A.S., and H.K.M. Singh1980
Page 125 and 126:
AppendixTable 1. Migration Summary
Page 127 and 128:
Figure 1. Trends in International M
Page 129 and 130:
Figure 2. Relationship between Regi
Page 131:
Comparing the Impacts ofInternal an
Page 134 and 135:
of immigrants in the population red
Page 136 and 137:
1. American Immigration in the Age
Page 138 and 139:
elative to the existing population,
Page 140 and 141:
Figure 3. Trend in Real WagesNote:
Page 142 and 143:
immigration compared with other loc
Page 144 and 145:
Figure 5. Hatton and Williamson’s
Page 146 and 147:
labor markets. New York in 1900, af
Page 148 and 149:
Figure 8. Immigration Impact IndexN
Page 150 and 151:
accompanied by a shift in the labor
Page 152 and 153:
esponse from the labor demand side
Page 154 and 155:
152local markets with the highest w
Page 156 and 157:
2001 “Does immigration grease the
Page 158 and 159:
Frey, W.H., and K-L Liaw1998 “The
Page 160 and 161:
Smith, J.P., and B. Edmonston1997 T
Page 163 and 164:
8Circular Internal Migration and De
Page 165 and 166:
agricultural production and persist
Page 167 and 168:
1990s but other sectors attracted a
Page 169 and 170:
villages up to 75 percent of the po
Page 171 and 172:
Box 1: The Bicycle Rickshaw Economy
Page 173 and 174:
in agriculture, or meeting expendit
Page 175 and 176:
the open and the rest had very perf
Page 177 and 178:
While earlier projections expected
Page 179 and 180:
Ghosh, P. K., and B. Harriss-White2
Page 181 and 182:
Munshi K., and M. R. Rosenzweig2005
Page 183 and 184:
Annex 1Migration Streams in Madhya
Page 185 and 186:
MD: remote,unirrigated. Verylarge n
Page 187 and 188:
GG: irrigatedagriculture,but polari
Page 189:
SM: good land, butmuch landlessness
Page 192 and 193:
communities, profoundly shape the u
Page 194 and 195:
Due to the scale and significance o
Page 196 and 197:
know where the rest went. Someone c
Page 198 and 199:
East on each return trip. In the fo
Page 200 and 201:
1950s) occurred with the Mappilas t
Page 202 and 203:
such a request. In addition, there
Page 204 and 205:
The first migration from the area b
Page 206 and 207:
The main manner in which Gulf migra
Page 208 and 209:
Thus there was less dependence on r
Page 210 and 211:
ituals during which there was lavis
Page 212 and 213:
ethnic identity was being formulate
Page 214 and 215:
households were examined through qu
Page 216 and 217:
ReferencesAmjad R. (ed.)1989 To the
Page 218 and 219:
Kurien, P. A.2002 Kaleidoscopic eth
Page 220 and 221:
Srinivas, M.N.1968 Social change in
Page 222 and 223:
2. Rural Development and Labor Migr
Page 224 and 225:
3.1 Narrowing the Rural-Urban Incom
Page 226 and 227:
Table 2. “How Do You Use Your Wag
Page 228 and 229:
Figure 2. Composition of Cash Expen
Page 230 and 231:
4.1 The Use of RemittancesUndoubted
Page 232 and 233:
This reorientation was signaled by
Page 234 and 235:
As with the abolition of tuition fe
Page 236 and 237:
housing, low expenditures, lack of
Page 238 and 239:
office of UNESCO (Huang 2004; Huang
Page 240 and 241:
(population pressure, limited resou
Page 242 and 243:
GHK Ltd.2004 The study of urban pov
Page 244 and 245:
2004b2004cChina rural statistical y
Page 247 and 248:
11Impacts of Internal Migration on
Page 249 and 250:
system in small towns. In most case
Page 251 and 252:
2. Migration and Economic Growth2.1
Page 253 and 254:
an upward trend since the late 1990
Page 255 and 256:
western provinces with large popula
Page 257 and 258:
Table 4. Estimated Contribution of
Page 259 and 260:
Generally speaking, urban populatio
Page 261 and 262:
In addition to increasing urbanizat
Page 263 and 264:
In the 1980s and early 1990s, the i
Page 265 and 266:
Discriminatory policies restricting
Page 267 and 268:
there has been growing concern abou
Page 269 and 270:
to region. The hukou system, which
Page 271 and 272:
Chan, Kam Wing1994 Cities with invi
Page 273:
Wang, Dewen, Wu Yaowu, and Cai Fang
Page 276 and 277:
In this chapter, we join this debat
Page 278 and 279:
Perhaps the most important indirect
Page 280 and 281:
minds of many earlier migrants. An
Page 282 and 283:
numbers of migrants to the United S
Page 284 and 285:
emittances tends to rise and reach
Page 286 and 287:
7. How the Money was SpentTable 3 (
Page 288 and 289:
words, the longer that immigrants s
Page 290 and 291:
tells a story of immigrants in New
Page 292 and 293:
290and everyone is doing a business
Page 294 and 295:
Guest, K.2003 God in Chinatown: Rel
Page 296 and 297:
2004 “Remittances, savings, and d
Page 298 and 299:
Table 2. Characteristics of Emigran
Page 300 and 301:
298Table 5. OLS Regression Models P
Page 302 and 303:
300Table 7. Logistic Regression Mod
Page 304 and 305:
302Map 1: Location of Fujian Provin
Page 306 and 307:
at least by an additional 10 percen
Page 308 and 309:
handbook, a compliance officer, and
Page 310 and 311:
money separately and above the $10,
Page 312 and 313:
Figure 3: Remittances to Latin Amer
Page 314 and 315:
A look at these flows in the Latin
Page 316 and 317:
Table 5: Remittance BeneficiaryGuat
Page 318 and 319:
Table 7: Top Ten Migrant-sending St
Page 320 and 321:
Figure 6: Counter-cyclical Nature:
Page 322 and 323:
5. Remittances as Part of a Process
Page 324 and 325:
patron saint festivals, Christmas,
Page 326 and 327:
Table 13. Average Length of Interna
Page 328 and 329:
in Nicaragua and El Salvador. This
Page 330 and 331:
Figure 8: Cost to Send from the U.S
Page 332 and 333:
to recognize that at least 50 perce
Page 334 and 335:
financial agents with locations in
Page 336 and 337:
334Within this context, there exist
Page 338 and 339:
ReferencesAndrade-Eeckoff, K.2003 M
Page 340 and 341:
2003aFamily remittances to Nicaragu
Page 343:
Afterword
Page 346 and 347:
goals and issues for policymakers t
Page 348 and 349:
Despite the monetary advantages of
Page 350 and 351:
frame this discussion by examining
Page 352 and 353:
To promote rural development, must
Page 354 and 355:
development strategy of long-term i
Page 356 and 357:
the informal sector - particularly
Page 358 and 359:
the extent that rural migrants send
Page 360 and 361:
network members across different si
Page 362 and 363:
4.1 Policies for Development in Sen
Page 364 and 365:
development, and the role of govern
Page 366 and 367:
5. ConclusionFraming the research f
Page 368 and 369:
egulate their impact on native-born
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