1 - Seafdec

Chee Phaik Ean was born on the 25th March 1952 in Penang. She obtained a Master of Scienceand started working with the Fishery Department on the 1st February 1978 as a Fishery Officer.At present, she is working at the Fisheries Research Institute, Penang. She is experienced in theFish Biology Research.

THE SMALL PURSE SEINE FISHERYOFKAMPUNG GAJAH, PENANG ANDTANJUNG PIANDANG, PERAK.BYCHEE PHAIK EANFISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTEGLUGOR, PENANG.DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIESMOO~~Y Of AGRICULTURE MALAYSIAJ9~7

CONTENTSIPAGEABSTRACT1. Introduction2. The Gear And Its Operation 13. Fishing Grounds And Season 24. Operating Expenditure 25. The Catch 26. Discussion 3-57. Conclusions 68. Acknowledgements 79. References 8Figure 9-10Table 11-14Appendix 1

The small purse seine fishery at Kampung Gajah, Butterworth, Penang and Tanjung Piandang,Perak is an important fishery directed mainly at the mullets or ikan kedera, Valamug£lcunnes£us This species is seasonal and is caught mainly during the months of July to December.This gear was shown to be more efficient than the "jaring kedera", a drift net which is also specificfor catching mullets.Trash, which forms an important component of the landings by the small purse seines, ismade up of genuine trash species of the genera Thryssa, Secutor, Le£ognathus, Setipinna, Ambass£sand Op£sthopterus. The major commercial food fish encountered in the trash is John£us.The small purse seine is operated throughout the year in the shallow coastal waters betweenPenang in the north and Kuala Sepetang, Perak, in the south.Perusahaan pukat jerut kecil di Kampung Gajah, Seberang Prai, Pulau Pinang dan TanjungPiandang adalah perusahaan yang penting dalam penangkapan ikan belanak dan ikan kendera,Valamug£l cunnes£us. Spesies-spesies ikan ini adalah bermusim dan boleh ditangkap di antara bulanJulai hingga Disember. Lapuran ini menunjukkan bahawa peralatan ini lebih berkesan berbandingdengan "Jaring kedera", iaitu sejenis pukat hanyut untuk menangkap ikan belanak.Ikan baja ialah komponen penting hasil pendaratan pukat jerut kecil ini. Spesies-spesies ikanbaja biasanya terdiri daripada genera Thryssa, Secutor, Le£ognathus, Set£p£nna, Ambass£s danOp£sthopterus. Jenis utama ikan makanan dagangan yang dihasilkan ialah dllripada genera John£us.Pukat Jerut kecil ini diusahakan sepanjang tahun di perairan pantai yang cetek di antara PulauPinang di sebe1ah utara dan Kuala Sepetang, Perak, di sebelah selatan.

The small purse seine, locally known as the "pukat jerut kecil", is operated by either oneor two boats. Along the north western coast of Peninsular Malaysia, the use of this gear isconcentrated mainly in two areas namely Kampung Gajah, Butterworth, Penang and TanjungPiandang, Perak.The history of this gear was traced back to as early as 1971 when two boats in KampungGajah which are still in operation now were licensed as using the purse seine. In 1972, three unitsof purse seines were licensed in Tanjung Piandang and these boats are still operating the smallpurse seines now. According to these fishermen, although by 1972, there were more than twosmall purse seines, some of the boats that actually operated the small purse seines were licensedas "pukat tuabang" or the Danish purse seine. There were three "pukat tuabang" licensed inTanjung Piandang in 1972. To date there are 12 licensed small purse seine units actively operating·from Kampung Gajah and 15 licensed units operating from Tanjung Piandang. However the numberof small purse seines actively operating from Tanjung Piandang was observed to be around onlyeight because each gear is operated by two boats. At Kampung Gajah each small purse seine isbeing operated by only one boat.Although the design and operation of this gear had been earlier studied (Abu Bakar 1983),the actual composition of the catch had not been recorded. It is the aim of this study to providethe information on this important aspect of this fishery.The small purse seine measures approximately 330 m (180 fathoms) long by 50 m (26 fathoms)in depth. This is only half the size of the better-known "pukat jerut malam" or the night purseseinesthat operate from Pulau Pangkor, Perak. The mesh size of the net is 19 mm (Fig.1).The boats operating the small purse seine measure between 11 m and 17 m. All these boatsat Tanjung Piandang have 36 h.p. engines at 10 GRT or less. At Kampung Gajah seven out of12 boats have 36 h.p. engines. These measure 14 m to 15 m long and weigh between 12 tonsto 20 tons. Two boats have 120 h.p. engines while the remaining three have 180 h.p. engines.These five boats with the larger engine capacities measure 16 m to 17 m long and weigh between26 tons to 39 tons.The mode of operation of this gear is similar to that of the night purse seine. These boatsleave port some time in late afternoon and return around midnight or early the following morning.Thus they carry out night fishing. They do not use any lures but actively chase the fish schools.When a school is sighted, the net is shot, pursed and partially hauled to enable the catch to bescooped on board the boat. The net is then fully hauled in and prepared for the next set. Haulingthe net is done manually by 10 men. If the gear is of the two-boat type, then five men work onboard each boat. Depending on the quantity of the catch, the whole operation of shooting,pursing, hauling and scooping up the catch takes an average of one hour. On a day's fishing, anaverage of five sets are made. In a month these boats operate for around 20 days.

The traditional fishing grounds of these boats are located in the area of sea stretching betweenPenang in the north and off Kuala Sepetang, Perak in the south. At the start of the fishing seasonearly in the year, most of the small purse seine boats congregate in the area off Penang. Theythen move southwards. By the end of the year, fishing is concentrated in the area off Kuala Sepetang.The small purse seine boats fish near the shore and for most periods of fishing they remain withinthe five mile zone where the water is shallow. The depth of water where these nets operate isonly around 10 m. The maximum depth of water where they can fish efficiently is limited bythe depth of the net.The small purse seine can be operated the whole year through.fishing are bad weather and rough seas.The major obstacles to theirThe capital expenditure of the small purse seine fishermen lies in the boat and the net. Atpresent most of the boats used are rather old, some of them began operating as early as in 1971, thustheir present costs after depreciation were not estimated.However their operating expenditure was given some consideration. From conversation withthe fishermen and from some old records obtained, it was found that the average operatingexpenditure per boat per month was $1,750/- for an average of20 days fishing per month. Notall these boat-owners keep written records of their actual sales and expenditure, particularly thoseoperating from Kampung Gajah. The main bulk of this amount expended was for fuel. It wasestimated that about 75% of the operating expenditure was for fuel while the remaining 25% wasfor ice.Monthly observations on the landings of the small purse seine boats at Kampung Gajah andTanjung Piandang for the period between August 1983 and July 1984 were made. The total numberof baskets of fish landed were noted. Each basket of fish averaged 60 kg. (one picul). The quantitiesof particular species or group and of the trash landed were also noted. Samples of trash thatwere landed were taken back to the laboratory to determine the cC5mposition of the trash. Thedata collected from Kampung Gajah and Tanjung Piandang were pooled together for analysis sincefishing was carried out in one common area. Statistically it was also found that at the 5% levelthere was no significant difference in the mean catch per boat from these two areas.The major types and quantities of fish caught by the small purse seine over the months aregiven in Table 1. The three most commonly landed commercial food fish were mullets (Valamugilcunnesius), Indo-Pacific mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma) and fringe-scale sardine (Sardinel/afimbriata) (Table 2). The gizzard shad (Anodontosroma chacunda) and white sardine (Kowalamacrolepis) were less frequently caught. Besides these food fish, another important component ofthe catch is trash. The major trash species encountered in the catch are given in Table 3.Over the one year period the fluctuations in the abundance of the catch is shown in Fig. 2.The highest average total catch per boat per day of 1834 kg recorded in November 1983. Theother lower peak catches were recorded in August and May respectively.

The implementation of the new Fisheries Licensing Policy in 1981, saw division of the maritimewaters of Malaysia into four distinct zones. Zone A which extends from the shoreline to the fivemile limit has been allocated exclusively to traditional gears that are owner-operated. Trawlingand purse seining are banned in this zone but the operation of the anchovy purse seine or thepukat jerut bilis which is specific for catching anchovies is allowed. This is because the anchovyresources are found mainly in this coastal zone. Zone B extends from five miles to 12 miles fromthe shore. Trawling and purse seining by boats under 40 GRT that are owner-operated areallowed in this zone and the zones beyond. The third zone, Zone C, which extends from 12 milesto 30 miles has "been allocated to trawlers and purse seines above 40 GRT as well as for otherfishing gears wholly owned and operated by Malaysians. Zone D which extends from 30 milesto the edge of the Malaysian EEZ is open to foreign fishing vessels including those vessels operatingon a joint-venture basis with Malaysia.The New Fisheries Licensing Policy spelt out in no uncertain terms that purse seining, withthe exception of the anchovy purse seines cannot be carried out in Zone A. However it was soonhighlighted that there was a group of fishermen operating the small purse seines. This gear isowner-operated and the target species of this gear is the mullet, Va/amugi/ cunnesius, which is alsoa coastal species. As maintained by the fishermen too, the purse seine used including the fishingboats are small. Thus the depth of water or the distance from shore where they can efficientlyoperate is the main governing factor that limits their fishing operation and fishing grounds.A survey to look into the broad aspects of this fishery was therefore undertaken by the FisheriesResearch Institute, Penang.First a general survey of the fishing gear and boats was carried out. It was found that thesize of the nets that are being used are small. As earlier described, the nets averaged 330 m longby 50 m deep. This is about half the size of the night purse seine and the luring purse seinethat are better-known. The majority of the fishing boats operating this -gear are small "anclrangebetween 11 m to 17 m long. Engine capacities range from 36 h.p to 180 h.p. but 15 out of a totalof 20 boats or 75% have only 36 h.p. engines. Two boats have 120 h.p. engines and three have180 h.p. engines.Mullets belonging to the species Va/amugi/ cunnesius was found to be the main catch of thisgear but this fish being seasonal is chiefly caught during the second half of the year from Julyto December. The highest percentage of mullets caught was in September when 65% of the totalcatch comprised of mullets. During the other months of the peak season, between 21% and 51%of the total catch comprised of mullets.Mullets are found mainly in shallow coastal waters, estuaries and river mouths (Anon. 1974).No mullets have been recorded in the night purse seine or luring purse seine catches (Chong 1976,Chee 1980). These two gears operate beyond five miles from the shore. No mullets were recordedin the catches of the vessels of the Fisheries Research Institute that performed trawling operationsmore than five miles from the shore (Mohd. Shaari et a/ 1974, Lam et a/ 1975, Mohd. Shaari eta/ 1976, Mohd. Shaari and Chai 1976, Lui 1981.) These further confirm that the mullet is a coastalspecies that is found mainly in the narrow coastal zones less than five miles from the shore. Theother gears used for harvesting this resource are gill nets, beach seines and cast nets.

The other two most commonly landed commercial food fish besides mullets were Indo- Pacificmackerel and the fringe-scale sardine. The gizzard shad and the white sardines were less frequentlycaught as compared with the former two. These other fishes, particularly the Indo-Pacificmackerel, are sought for during the ofT-mullet season.The ofT-mullet season as observed, extended from January to June. During this period, twopeaks for the Indo-Pacific mackerel, Rastrelliger brachysoma, were seen. The largest quantity ofIndo-Pacific mackerels was landed in June when the Indo-Pacific mackerels formed 81% of thetotal small purse seine catch. In February, a small peak for the Indo-Pacific mackerels was alsoobserved. This is the broad-bodied species which is a more coastal species when compared withRastrelliger kanagurta and Rastrelliger faughni which are more oceanic.Besides the Indo-Pacific mackerel being landed in the ofT-mullet season, the fringe-scalesardine also showed a peak landing in May. Two other peaks for the fringe-scale sardine werealso observed but these occurred during the mullet season.The highest quantity of gizzard shads was landed in February. The white sardine showedtwo peaks, one in August and one in February.Another important component of the small purse seine landings was trash. Trash landingsfluctuated between 11% of the total catch to 85% of the total catch. These figures appear quitealarming.An analysis of the composition of trash over the period from August 1983 to July 1984revealed that the major species offish that constituted the trash were oftrhe genera Thryssa, Secutor,Leiognathus, Setipinna, Ambassis and Opisthopterus. These were the most abundantly and commonlylanded (Table 3). These genera of fishes are genuine trash species as they are not sold as tablefish. Among the commercially important food fishes that were landed in the trash, only the genusJohnius is of importance. Two main species were identified. These were small J. aneus and J.sina. During the period between August 1983 and July 1984, between 1% to 180/0of the trashwas of the genus Johnius. Their sizes ranged from 2.5 cm to 14.5 cm total length. A large diversityof other small-sized commercially important food fishes and some trash species were also encountered(Appendix 1). These came from 29 genera but usually only one or two fish from each genus wereonly encountered in the trash. During the period of the study, between 3% to 8% of the trashcomprised of these other fishes but on two occasions, this figure reached 12% and 19% respectively.Jellyfish, holothurians, small prawns, crabs, squids and cuttlefish formed a small percentageof the trash (Table 3).The large diversity offish species and other organisms caught by the small purse seines showsthe mixed nature of the available resources. Although aimed primarily at mullets, which is a pelagicspecies, it is unavoidable that other fish groups often demersal in behaviour are caught in oneset of the small purse seine. TPis is particularly so in coastal areas where the water is rich andrelatively shallow. At night, when the light intensity is lowered, even the demersal species tendto migrate upwards into the upper layer of the seawater where the efficient use of the small purseseine is concentrated. Thus the food and trash species are caught together. The shallow depthof this gear limits its use in deeper waters where the fish can dive below the net and thus escapebeing caught.y"'"'

A comparison of the catch per boat per day of mullets caught by the small purse seine andthe mullet drift net or "jaring kedera" was made. The mullet drift net is the other gear that isrelatively important for catching mullets in Penang and Perak. It was seen that the catch of mulletsby the small purse seines was many times that caught by the mullet drift net (Table 4 and 5).During the highest peak month the small purse seines landed an average of 939 kg of mulletsper day. The mullet drift net on the other hand landed only 60 kg per day.No meaningful estimates of the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of mullet resources couldbe made. Although the total catch of mullets and the units of small purse seines licensed wereavailable from the Fisheries Department the reliability of this data is questioned.Data made available by the fishermen strongly suggested an underestimate of the mulletresources as given in the Annual Fisheries Statistics for Perak and possibly also Penang. In 1980,the Annual Fisheries StatistiCs recorded a total of 18.51 tons of mullets landed by purse seines.These purse seines presumably are the small purse seines because the other night purse seinesand the luring purse seines do not land mullets. It was found from the records of the fishermenthat for 1980, two units of small purse seines from Tanjung Piandang landed 449.64 tons of mulletsor 224.82 tons per unit of small purse"seine. The average landing of mullets per unit of small purseseine per year is approximately 12 times the total weight of mullets recorded for Perak in 1980.In 1981, no mullets were landed by purse seines in Perak (Annual Fisheries Statistics, 1981). Againthe data on the recorded landings made available by the fishermen for 1981 showed that the averagelanding per unit of small purse seine per year was 119.53 tons.A comparison of the statistics provided by the fishermen and the Fisheries Department forPenang cannot be made because no records from the fishermen for 1980 and 1981 were available.The main reason for this probable underestimate lies in the timing of the landings. Thesesmall purse seine boats return from the day's fishing around midnight of the early hours of theday, usually before 5.00 a.m. Actual observations of the landings requires the observer to be atthe landing site before midnight and wait patiently for the boats to return. This may drag on tillafter 5.00 a.m.The landings of mullets obtained solely from the records of the fishermen were not sufficientfor any preliminary estimates of MSY to be made either. The data obtained from the TanjungPiandang boats were available for 1980 to 1983. However at Kampung Gajah, only a handful ofboats have record books for 1982 and 1983. Data for 1984 is being collected from these fishermen.With this, it is hoped that a firs~ estimate of MSY will be obtained.

This study that was undertaken has provided the answers to a few questions that were askedabout the small purse seine fishery.Firstly it was shown that the mullet, Valamugil cunnesius is the target species of these smallpurse seine fisherman. The mullet season extends from July till December. During the off-mulletseason from January till June, these fishermen seek for the Indo-Pacific mackerel but they alsocatch other fish like gizzard shads, fringe-scale sardines and white sardines. Trash constitutes animportant component of the catch but an analysis of the trash composition showed that genuinetrash species were caught. The only important commercial food fish found in the trash was Johnius.It is unfortunate that until now, no meaningful estimates on the MSY of these mullet andthe small purse seine fishery resources could be made owing to the lack of reliable data. Theimportance of this fishery had been overlooked in the past; especially whe~ the landings of mulletsfrom Penang and Perak as reported in the Annual Fisheries Statistics were relatively low.Though at this moment, it is no possible to define the optimum number of small purse seineunits, effort should be directed at monitoring the landings by this gear more closely so that somefirst estimates of the MSY and optimum effort can be made in the near future. If in future it isfound necessary to reduce the number of units, then non-replacement of boats or gears would slowlyphase out some of the existing units.

The author wishes to express her thanks to Mr. Mohd. Shaari bin Sam Abdul Latiff, Directorof Research, Fisheries Research Institute, Penang for kindly reading the manuscript. My thanksare also due to Y.M. Tengku Dato' Ubaidillah bin Abdul Kadir, Director General of Fisheries,Malaysia, for his support. Acknowledgements are due to the small purse seine fishermen ofKampung Gajah and Tanjung Piandang for their full cooperation and help rendered throughoutthis study. My thanks also go to my Section Head, Mr. V. Selvarajah for his encouragement. Lastbut not least, my heartfelt thanks go to my supporting laboratory staff who diligently andpatiently worked through the night and the early hours of dawn without any complaints, to makethis study successful.

Abu Bakar bin Abdul Rahman 1983. Pukat Jerut Ikan 2 Bot (Sock Ka). Kertas Pemgembangan,Bahagian Perikanan, Kementerian Pertanian, Malaysia. 7 p.Anonymous 1974. FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fisheries Purposes, Fishing Area 57 and71, Volume III, FAO, Rome, Italy.Chee, P.E. 1980. The Pukat Jerut Tuas Fishery of Teluk Bahang, Penang, Fisheries Bulletin No.24. Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia. 20 p.Chong, RJ. 1976. The Status of Pelagic Fisheries Resources in Malaysia In: Assessment of MarineFisheries Resources of Malaysia, Fisheries Bulletin No. 15, Ministry of AgricultureMalaysia, 28 - 46.Lam, W.C., Mohd. Shaari bin Sam Abdul LatifT, Lee, A.K. and Weber, W. 1975. Demersal FishResources in Malaysian Waters - 5. Second West Coast Trawl Survey ofTthe West Coastof Peninsular Malaysia, Fisheries Bulletin No.7, Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia. 29 p.Lui, Y.P. 1981. Demersal Fish Resources in Malaysian Waters - 14. Fourth Trawl Survey ofTthe West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Fisheries Bulletin No. 26, Ministry of Agriculture,Malaysia. 20 p.Mohd. Shaari bin Sam Abdul LatifT, Rauck, G., Ong, K.S. and Tan, S.P. 1974. Demersal FishResources in Malaysian Waters -2. Trawl survey of the coastal waters ofTthe West Coastof Peninsular Malaysia, Fisheries Bulletin No.3, Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia. 41 p.Mohd. Shaari bin Sam Abdul LatifT, Weber, W. and Liong, P.c. 1976. Demersal Fish Resourcesin Malaysian Waters - 8. Trawl Survey ofT the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia(southern part of the Malacca Straits), Fisheries Bulletin No. 10, Ministry of Agriculture,Malaysia. 21 p.Mohd. Shaari bin Sam Abdul LatifT and Chai, H.L. 1976. Demersal Fish Resources in MalaysianWaters - 11. Third Trawl Survey off the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia, FisheriesBulletin No. 13. Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia. 17 p.

330m--------:>{CA - BUNT - POLYETHYLENE (15m x 10m) 12 PLY 19mm.B - WING - KNOTLESS NYLON 6 PLY 19 mm.C - SELVEDGE - POLYETHYLENE 12 PLY 38 mm.D - BREAST LINE - POLYETHYLENE 0 mm 15 m.E - PURSE LINE - KURALON 0 21 mm.F - RING - COPPER 300 gm (EACH) TOTAL 80 RINGS.G - SWIVEL.

..-..~;; 2000

TABLE I: SMALL PURSE SEINE LANDINGS FROM KAMPUNG GAJAH (K.G.)AND TANJUNG PIANDANG (T.P.) - CATCH PER BOAT PER DAY (KG)FOOD FISHAUG. 83 SEPT. 83 OCT. 83 NOV. 83 DEC. 83 JAN. 84 FEB. 84 MAR. 84 APR. 84 MAY 84 JuNE 84 JULY 84T.P. K.G. T.P. K.G. T.P. K.G T.P. KG. T.P. KG. T.P. KG. T.P. KG.: T.P. KG. T.P. KG. T.P. KG. T.P. KG. T.P. K.G.Valamugilcunnesius 180 372 1038 576 90 312 1800 78 282 1002 324 48 210 240 42 162 24 330 420Rastrelliger ~brlUhysoma 24 6 138 78 48 312150 6 1446 1410 6Sardinella spp.~48 1002 30 48 18 252Anodontostoma~chacundo102 36 198~Kowala macro- ~lepis 606 48 534 390 720 en"'lOther food fISh 12Sub-total 786 444 1038 624 90 330 2802 246 918 1140 810 102 1128 5646000Z534 48 72 678222390 582 0 384 1494 1470, 102 102 1098TRASH 1122 252 762 48 23 414 518 102 702 180 216 1638 180 24 2154 72 660 528 0 30 216 570 198Total 1908 696 1800 672 113 744 3320 348 1620 1320 1026 1740 1308 588 :2544 , 654 660 912 1494 1500 318 990 129690

AUG. 83 SEPT. 83 OCT. 83 NOV. 83 DEC. 83 JAN. 84 FEB. 84 MAR. 84 APR. 84 MAY 84 JUNE 84 JULY 84FOODFISHValamugil cunnesius 21.2 65.3 46.9 51.2 43.7 13.4 11.1 ~Q3.2 6.7 1.3 32.8Rastrelliger ~brachysoma 0.9 0 0.7 3.8 2.6 1.7 16.40.5Z60.1 81.2 0Sardinella spp. 1.8 0 0 28.1 0 2.4 13.3 S 40.6 2.0 4.0 29.7Anodonlostoma chacunda 0 0 3.5 1.2 10.4 ;;0 0 0 3.9""-Kowala macrolepis 23.3 1.9~18.2 14.1 38.0 CI)0 9.2 0 0Plother food fish 0 0 1.4 2.0 0 000 0 0 00Sub-total 47.2 67.2 49.0 83.1 70.0 32.9 89.2 Z 44.3 78.0 86.5 66.4TRASH 52.8 32.8 51.0 16.9 30.0 67.1 10.8 55.7 22.0 13.5 33.6

TABLE3: COMPOSITION OF THE TRASH LANDED BY THE SMALL PURSE SEINEAT KAMPUNG GAJAH AND TANJUNG PIANDANG (%)~FISHTRASHAUG. 83 SEPT. 83 OCT. 83 NOV. 83 DEC. 83 JAN. 84 FEB. 84 MAR. 84 APR. 84 MAY 84 JUNE 84 JULY 84Thryssa 60 21 26 8 2 20 3 5 14 29 7 21Secular 8 21 3 54 25 11 3 2 5Leiognathus 2 28 4 57 15 1 3SeptljJinna taty 5 4 25 46 50 3 19 8 46 9Ambassis gymnocephalu, 1 5 4 9 3 9 2 17Opisthopteru, tardoore 4 8 10 2 24 9 1 3 6Pellona 3 1 1 1 1 1 2Stolephorus 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 3 2Liza ,ubviridi' 3 5 39 4 5Kowala 8 1 3 1 3 6Sardinella 2 2 3 12 2 5Selar kalla 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 13 4 3Johnius 2 5 10 18 5 1 11 4 7 9 9 6O'teogenius militaris 1 1 1Tachy,urus 1 1 17Other fish· 4 8 4 3 8 3 4 4 12 9 19 9OTHERS:Jelly fish 2 2 2 2 4 4 1Crustaceans, Cephalopods and Ho1othurians 1 1 3 I 3 4 2 1 1Debris I I 6 I

TABLE 4: AVERAGE CATCHIBOATIDAY OF THE SMALL PURSE SEINEAT KAMPUNG GAJAH AND TANJUNG PlANDANG (KG)AUG. 83 SEPT. 83 OCT. 83 NOV. 83 DEC. 83 JAN. 84 FEB. 84 MAR. 84 APR. 84 MAY 84 JUNE 84 JULY 84FOOD FISHValamugil cunnesius 276 807 201 939 642 186 105 21 81 12 37Rastrtlliger brachysoma 12 0 3 69 39 2>l 156II.]~3 723 738Sardinella spp. 24 0 0 516 0 33 126u:l267 24 36 33Anodontostoma chacunda 0 0 0 0 51 18 99~0 0 0 4KOfJXJlamacrolepis 303 24 0 0 267 195 360 E=: 0 111 0Other food fish 0 0 6 0 30 0 0Sub-total 615 831 210 :1524 1029 456 846~II.]'"u:lP'l00 0 0291 939 786 75TRASH 687 405 218.5 310 441 927 102 ~ 366 264 123 38Total 1302 1236 428.5 1834 1470 1383 948 657 1203 999 114,\\\'"-------------

'TABLE5: AVERAGE CATCH OF MULLETSPER BOAT PER DAY FOR THEMULLET DRIFT NET*MONTH CATCH (KG)August 1983 12September 48October 60November 48December -January 1984 9February 12March -April 24May 3JuneNo. fishingJuly 12*Data collected from the mullet drift nets operatingfrom Sungei Batu, Penang.t__ .

MONTH AUG. 83 SEPT. 83 OCT. 83 NOV. 83 DEC. 83 JAN. 84 FEB. 84 MAR. 84 APR. 84 MAY 84 JUNE 84 JULY 84OTHER FISHCaranx / / / / / /Rastrelliger bra