Technicians Handbook - Historic Naval Ships Association

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Lean or rock forward with elbows locked, and apply vertical pressure to depress the sternum (adult)1 1/2 to 2 inches. View B depicts this. Then release the pressure, keeping hands in place. Administer 60 to80 compressions per minute.You will feel less fatigue if you use the proper technique, and a more effective compression willresult.Ineffective compression occurs when the elbows are not locked, the rescuer is not directly over thesternum, or the hands are improperly placed on the sternum.When one rescuer performs CPR, as shown in figure 1-4, the ratio of compressions to ventilations is15 to 2. After 15 compressions, you must give the victim 2 ventilations. This ratio must continue for fourfull cycles. Then check for pulse and breathing. If there are still no signs of recovery, continue CPR untilthe victim can breathe unassisted or you are relieved by medical personnel.Figure 1-4.—One rescuer CPR technique.Before reviewing the next technique, let's go over the steps to take in an unwitnessed cardiac arrestinvolving one rescuer.1. Determine whether the victim is conscious.2. Check the vital signs.3. Ventilate four times (you may have to remove an airway obstruction at this time!).4. Again check the vital signs; if none:a. Begin compression-ventilation rate of 15 to 2 for four complete cycles.b. Check pulse, breathing, and pupils. If no changec. Continue compression-ventilation rate of 15 to 2 until victim is responsive or you arerelieved by medical personnel.1-8
TWO RESCUER TECHNIQUE.—If two people trained in CPR are on the scene, one mustperform compressions while the other performs artificial ventilation. The ratio for two-person CPR is 5compressions to 1 ventilation. One rescuer is positioned at the chest area and the other beside the victim'shead. The rescuers should be on opposite sides of the victim.To avoid confusion, one rescuer must be designated the leader. The leader must make thepreliminary checks of the victim's vital signs and perform the initial four ventilations. The second rescuerwill perform the compressions.When CPR is started, the compressions should be given in a constant, methodical rhythm. Therescuer giving the compressions counts them out loud. As the fifth compression is released, the otherrescuer ventilates the victim. The compressions should be continued while ventilation is being given.HemorrhageBlood is circulated throughout the body by means of three different kinds of blood vessels: arteries,veins, and capillaries. Arteries are large vessels that carry the blood away from the heart; veins are largevessels that carry the blood back to the heart; and capillaries form a connecting network of smaller vesselsbetween the arteries and the veins.Hemorrhage (escape of blood) occurs whenever there is a break in the wall of one or more bloodvessels. In most small cuts, only capillaries are injured. Deeper wounds result in injury to veins orarteries. Bleeding which is severe enough to endanger life seldom occurs except when arteries or veinsare cut.The average adult body contains about 5 quarts (4.75 liters) of blood. One pint of blood can usuallybe lost without harmful effect—in fact, this is the amount usually given by blood donors. However, theloss of 2 pints (.95 liter) will usually cause shock; shock becomes greater and greater as the amount ofblood loss increases (shock will be discussed later in this chapter). If half the blood in the body is lost,death almost always results.Capillary blood is usually brick red in color. If capillaries are cut, the blood oozes out slowly. Bloodfrom veins is dark red. If a vein is cut, the blood escapes in a steady, even flow. If an artery near thesurface is cut, the blood will gush out in spurts that are synchronized with the heartbeats; but if the cutartery is deeply buried, the bleeding will appear to be a steady stream. Arterial blood is usually bright redin color.In actual practice, you might find it difficult to decide whether bleeding is from a vein or an artery;but the distinction is not usually important. The important thing to know is that bleeding must becontrolled as quickly as possible.METHODS OF CONTROLLING BLEEDING.—The only way to stop serious bleeding is by theapplication of pressure. In practically all cases, bleeding can be stopped if PRESSURE is appliedDIRECTLY TO THE WOUND. If direct pressure does not stop the bleeding, pressure should beapplied at the appropriate pressure point. In those very rare cases where bleeding is so severe that itcannot be controlled by either of these methods, pressure can be applied by means of a tight, constrictingband called a tourniquet.PROCEDURES.—The actual procedures you should use to stop bleeding are detailed in thefollowing paragraphs:Direct Pressure.—In almost every case, bleeding can be stopped by the application of pressuredirectly on the wound. Figure 1-5 is an example of direct pressure. Place a dressing (sterile or clean, if1-9
Page 1 and 2: SPECIAL PUBLICATIONSeptember 1998Na
Page 3 and 4: PREFACESpecial Publications (SPs) a
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTERPAGE1. The
Page 7 and 8: Module 11, Microwave Principles, ex
Page 9: Student CommentsCourse Title:NEETS
Page 12 and 13: • Be cautious when working in voi
Page 14 and 15: Electric ShockElectric shock may ca
Page 16 and 17: In this situation, the immediate ad
Page 20 and 21: possible) over the wound and firmly
Page 22 and 23: (1) NEAREST THE WOUND and (2) BETWE
Page 24 and 25: Shock• Be sure you draw the tourn
Page 26 and 27: Liquids should be administered spar
Page 28 and 29: drinks or stimulants. Get the victi
Page 30 and 31: Figure 1-11.—RC time constants.Fi
Page 32 and 33: Ac current formulas are:Ohm's law f
Page 34 and 35: Parallel inductors without coupling
Page 36 and 37: Another way to calculate reactive p
Page 38 and 39: ResistanceRESISTANCE is the opposit
Page 40 and 41: Since:Transformer power:1-30
Page 42 and 43: WARNINGRf voltages may be induced i
Page 44 and 45: Alpha is always less than 1 for a c
Page 46 and 47: WavelengthCAUTIONBecause vacuum tub
Page 48 and 49: Minimum radar range = (pulse width
Page 50 and 51: Log or dBGain or mw11 12.510 109 88
Page 52 and 53: Table 1-1.—CB Style Capacitor Par
Page 54 and 55: Table 1-3.—CYR10 Style Capacitor
Page 56 and 57: Figure 1-16.—Ceramic capacitor co
Page 58 and 59: Table 1-4.—Principal Applications
Page 60 and 61: Figure 1-18.—Resistor color code.
Page 62 and 63: MilitaryspecificationMIL-R-39005MIL
Page 64 and 65: Figure 1-19.—Color code for trans
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numbers and part numbers can be fou
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SizeTable 1-10.—Current-Carrying
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Jan TypeOverallDiameter (ins)Table
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Table 1-13.—MS Connector Identifi
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Figure 1-23.—Insert arrangements
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Figure 1-25.—Typical BNC connecto
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Figure 1-28.—Attaching HN connect
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Table 1-16.—N Series Connectors w
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Insulation, Heat Shrinkable Sleevin
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Table 1-19.—Shrinkable Tubing Par
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Table 1-21.—New Style Military Fu
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Conversion and Equivalent TablesTab
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Table 1-24.—Conversion Chart—Co
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Table 1-24.—Conversion Chart—Co
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Figure 1-33.—Electrical symbols.
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Figure 1-34.—Electronic/logic sym
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Figure 1-35.—Fiber optic symbols.
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Table 1-26.—Frequency Spectrum Us
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Joint Electronic Type Designation S
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Table 1-29.—Microcircuit Part Num
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Table 1-29.—Microcircuit Part Num
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CIRCUIT53MC54MC55MC56MC57MC58MC59MC
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CIRCUITQAQDQXRARDRW4SNSPTD1TD2TD5TD
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CIRCUIT4JZ5JZ6JZ7JZ8JZ9JZ10JZ11JZTa
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CIRCUITX29JX34JX40JX41JX42JX43JX44J
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Table 1-34.—Common LogarithmsN 0
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Table 1-35.─Trigonometric Functio
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Table 1-36.—Julian Date CalendarD
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Table 1-38.—Effects of Heat and H
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Table 1-40.—Old and New Specifica
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Remember to use the proper safety p
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Figure 1-38.—Computation of phase
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Figure 1-40.—Lissajous patterns f
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Figure 1-42.—Octopus schematic di
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Figure 1-46.—Combination displays
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• A military alteration that chan
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numbers. They can be easily convert
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support equipment. All aircraft equ
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Publications and DocumentsVarious p
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REFERENCESAfloat Shopping Guide, NA
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NEETS, Module 9, Introduction to Wa
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Technicians Handbook - Historic Naval Ships Association

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