The National Strategy for Child Exploitation Prevention and Interdiction

and/or violent offense, 1% (n = 2) for a hands-on sex offense, involving child sexual abuse, 3.3%(n = 8) for a hands-off sex offense and one for a nonsexual violent offense. When applying abroad definition of recidivism, which included ongoing investigations, charges and convictions,3% (n = 7) of the study sample recidivated with a violent and/or sex offense, 3.9% (n = 9) with ahands-off sex offense and 0.8% (n = 2) with a hands-on sex offense. CONCLUSION:Consuming child pornography alone is not a risk factor for committing hands-on sex offenses -at least not for those subjects who had never committed a hands-on sex offense. The majority ofthe investigated consumers had no previous convictions for hands-on sex offenses. For thoseoffenders, the prognosis for hands-on sex offenses, as well as for recidivism with childpornography, is favorable.Pedophiles in Wonderland: Censoring the Sinful in Cyberspace.Russell, Gabrielle.Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, vol. 98, no. 4, pp. 1467-1500, Summer 2008.Abstract: This article describes the constitutional problems with legally proscribing virtual ageplay under either child pornography or obscenity law. Second Life is a popular virtual worldcreated by Linden Research, Incorporated. While there are many kinds of virtual environments,many of which are text-based, massively multiplayer online game (MMOG) environments arethe most real-world environments, in appearance and in the way that users can interact with theirsurroundings and with each other. A user navigates through these virtual worlds as an avatar thata user can design to look like anything, including a child; avatars are free to do whatever theircreators please including having sex. While some adults design avatars that look like monsters orcelebrities, others prefer to adopt a childlike appearance. Some adults also favor less sociallyacceptable activities and use their young counterparts for virtual age play or sexual role playoccurring in a virtual world where one avatar appears to be a child and the other an adult; thistheme has become a very popular and newsworthy online pastime. This article begins with anexplanation of virtual age play and an overview of the laws that bear on its legal standing,followed by a discussion of why regulation of such activity under child pornography law isinappropriate. The article concludes by exploring the potential regulation of virtual age playunder obscenity law, ultimately rejecting that strategy as an unconstitutional restriction of freespeech and individual liberty. This article notes that not only is there no proof that the man whois stimulated by cybersex with a virtual child is any more likely to seek our real sex with a realchild but that there may be some therapeutic value in indulging such fantasies.Pornography Use And Sexual Aggression: The Impact Of Frequency And Type Of PornographyUse On Recidivism Among Sexual Offenders.Kingston, Drew A.; Fedoroff, Paul; Firestone, Philip; Curry, Susan; Bradford, John M.Aggressive Behavior, Jul/Aug2008, Vol. 34, Issue 4, p341-351, 11p.Abstract: In this study, we examined the unique contribution of pornography consumption to thelongitudinal prediction of criminal recidivism in a sample of 341 child molesters. We specificallytested the hypothesis, based on predictions informed by the confluence model of sexualaggression that pornography will be a risk factor for recidivism only for those individualsclassified as relatively high risk for re-offending. Pornography use (frequency and type) wasassessed through self-report and recidivism was measured using data from a national databasefrom the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Indices of recidivism, which were assessed up to 15years after release, included an overall criminal recidivism index, as well as subcategoriesF-32