The National Strategy for Child Exploitation Prevention and Interdiction

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goals that can provide some measurable information and results to help guide the Strategy goingforward; and (4) individualized goals by relevant Department components that are designed tosupport both the broad goals of the Strategy and the programmatic goals of the Department.The following broad goals will direct the effort of the National Strategy going forward.1. The Department will continue to partner closely with state, local, tribal, and nongovernmentalentities, as well as other federal agencies and the private sector to implement the National Strategy in a coordinated fashion. 2. The Department will increase its commitment to a leadership role in finding a globalsolution to the transnational problem of the sexual exploitation of children.3. The Department will continue to partner with Industry to develop objectives to reduce theexchange of child pornography.4. The Department will explore opportunities to increase the education and awareness offederal, state, local and tribal judges of the difficult issues involved in child sexualexploitation.5. The Department will work toward improving the quality, effectiveness, and timeliness ofcomputer forensic investigations and analysis.6. The Department will increase its commitment to effective and sophisticated training forprosecutors and investigators.7. The Department will build on the success of the Project Safe Childhood initiative.Beyond these broad goals, this National Strategy seeks to best marshal all of the Department’sresources in a more coordinated, integrated, and strategic way.As outlined in this Report, the Department, in partnership and cooperation with other federal,state, local, tribal, and international partners is aggressively pursuing those who would steal theinnocence from the soul of our children. Thousands of federal, state, and local investigators andprosecutors, without fanfare or even adequate public recognition of the difficulty of their work,fight this battle fiercely every day. Dedicated professionals in non-governmental organizations,child protective services, and child advocacy centers devote massive time and energy toprotecting children, again largely without society fully recognizing the importance of their work.This National Strategy outlines how we will, and must, act together as a nation to protect ourchildren and provides a unique opportunity for us to act together as a nation to protect, as NelsonMandela said, our society’s soul by vigorously pursuing those who violate our children.7
II.A GRAVE THREAT TO A PRECIOUS RESOURCE: AN ASSESSMENTOF CURRENT CHILD EXPLOITATION THREATSIn 2008, the enactment of the PROTECT Our Children Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-401,hereafter, “the Act”) required that the Department of Justice (the “Department”) conduct a threatassessment of the risks posed to children by child exploitation. The National Child ExploitationThreat Assessment 2010 (the “Threat Assessment” or “Assessment”) is the first nationalassessment by the Federal government of the risks posed by child exploitation. 7 To complete theAssessment, the National Drug Intelligence Center (“NDIC”) invested more than a year of itstime and interviewed more than one hundred child exploitation prosecutors, investigators, andexperts in the field, and reviewed thousands of pages of documents from investigations, criminalcases, research studies, and the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children to compile thisAssessment. The Department determined that, in order to report to Congress on the threat thatchild exploitation presents, any assessment should focus on five key areas: (1) childpornography, often called images of child sexual abuse; (2) online enticement of children forsexual purposes; (3) commercial sexual exploitation of children, (4) child sex tourism; and (5)child exploitation in Indian Country. These five areas form the bulk of federal child exploitationinvestigations by federal, state, local, and tribal investigators. This Report provides a summaryof the findings of the Assessment relating to these five areas. 8The results of the Threat Assessment reveal that there has been a dramatic increase in cases ofsexual exploitation of children, including the possession, distribution, and manufacture of childpornography; the online enticement of children for sexual acts; commercial sexual exploitationof children; child sex tourism; and child sexual molestation, since the 1990s. For example, in2006 U.S. Attorneys handled 82.8 percent more child pornography cases than they had in 1994.State and local law enforcement agencies involved in Internet Crimes Against Children TaskForces reported a 230 percent increase in the number of documented complaints of onlineenticement of children from 2004 to 2008. In the same time period ICAC Task Forces noted amore than thousand percent increase in complaints of child prostitution.A. Child Pornography— Images of Child Sexual AbuseChild pornography refers to the possession, trade, advertising, and production of images thatdepict the sexual abuse of children. The term child pornography is used throughout thisAssessment because it is the legal and accepted term for images of child sexual abuse; however,many experts in the field believe that use of that term contributes to a fundamentalmisunderstanding of the crime—one that focuses on the possession or trading of a picture andleaves the impression that what is depicted in the photograph is pornography. Child pornographyis unrelated to adult pornography; it clearly involves the criminal depiction and memorializing ofthe sexual assault of children and the criminal sharing, collecting, and marketing of the images.7 Findings presented within this Assessment are supported by available data, information, and anecdotes fromnational law enforcement operations, federal child exploitation prosecutions, and academic research, as well as fromgovernmental and nongovernmental agencies (NGOs) found in the appendices.8 Attached to this Report are several appendices that provide additional details relating to the findings of the ThreatAssessment. See Appendices A-D.8
Page 1: U.S. Department of Justice
Page 5 and 6: 4. UNITED STATES ATTORNEY’S OFFIC
Page 7 and 8: V. CONCLUSION .....................
Page 9 and 10: amount of information, including: (
Page 12 and 13: assisting state, local, tribal and
Page 16 and 17: State and federal investigators and
Page 18 and 19: a. Available indicators suggest chi
Page 20 and 21: These two applications (Fairplay, R
Page 22 and 23: The Figure below shows the number o
Page 24 and 25: For FY 2008, ICAC Task Forces repor
Page 26 and 27: Some researchers suggest that viewi
Page 28 and 29: interests in children and their des
Page 31 and 32: could later bediscovered by lawenfo
Page 33 and 34: domains are commercial purveyors of
Page 35 and 36: • The offender communicates with
Page 37 and 38: 1. Online enticement complaints are
Page 39 and 40: elationship. After the child has ga
Page 41 and 42: Influenced and Corrupt Organization
Page 43 and 44: D. Child Sex TourismChild sex touri
Page 45 and 46: Exploitation of Children Today (PRO
Page 47 and 48: A task force model often is employe
Page 49 and 50: The United States Attorney’s offi
Page 51 and 52: FBI and CEOS, in conjunction with N
Page 53 and 54: The effects of child sex tourism re
Page 55 and 56: 352 investigations and 162 charged
Page 57 and 58: • CEOS worked closely with NDIC i
Page 59 and 60: • Alameda County, CA, Children's
Page 61 and 62: • Additional data have been submi
Page 63 and 64: postsentence persons and civilly co
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B. A Review of the Internet Crimes
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• Providing training and technica
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Table 1 : ICAC Task Force Agencies
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State Task Force Agency Number of T
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State Agency FY 2009 FY 2009 FY 200
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State Agency FY2008#AZCACACACACACOC
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Number of Criminal Referrals to Uni
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d. Number of local prosecutions and
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State Agency FY 2008# of Cases Refe
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State Agency FY 2008 Jan.-June 2009
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8. Number and type of ICAC Task For
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ICAC Undercover Chat 4 Regional 9.2
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has developed highly successful ini
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field offices, both domestic and fo
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2. Department of Defense’s Effort
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of a mail circular. Since the progr
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• The Street Outreach Program fun
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the Defense Computer Forensic Labor
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• Distributes photographs and des
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iii. Enough Is EnoughEnough Is Enou
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1. Overarching Efforts to Coordinat
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combine resources and expertise on
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United States has submitted annual
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CEOS has worked with foreign law en
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. Department of Homeland Security
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Finally, G/TIP has worked extensive
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F. Review of Internet Safety Progra
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the accessibility, cost, and effect
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activity by predators searching for
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3. Federal Trade Commission and Dep
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Funder: • U.S. Department of Agri
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Delivery: • Online games; printab
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TABLE 1: FEDERALLY FUNDED INTERNET
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Program/Product NameandContactInfor
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TABLE 2: SAMPLE OF PRIVATE NONPROFI
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Program/Product NameProducerFor Kid
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TABLE 1: PARTICIPANT EVALUATIONS OF
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FY 2011. The primary forensics resp
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The DEU is the principal group resp
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CD/DVDs. The CFS has the capability
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First, the Department will continue
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and the Innocence Lost task forces,
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deconflict cases, and share informa
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with the ICACs to help increase the
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from Landslide’s business premise
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victimized children worldwide, incl
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association, was arrested after the
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is transnational in scope; cooperat
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Over the course of their communicat
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An ICE investigation resulted in th
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U.S. v. RichardsonICE PRESS RELEASE
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APPENDIX C THREAT ASSESSMENT: ACADE
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Selected Quotes from Appendix C of
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* * * “Sheldon and Howitt (2007)
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McCarthy, J. and Gaunt, N. (2004).
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high-profile jobs. Some seemed isol
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Trends 2008, http://www.iwf.org.uk/
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Source: National Center for Missing
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Federal Bureau of Investigation (FB
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scientific survey process, but rath
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• 42 percent of respondents repor
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The Effect of the Lack of Internet
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ONLINE ENTICEMENTExtent of Online E
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• 8 percent of respondents report
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SEX TOURISMNature and ExtentAmong N
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Average Federal and State Sentences
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SOURCESNumerous federal, state, and
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Federal Bureau of Investigation (FB
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Southern Texas Utah VermontVirginia
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APPENDIX EDEPARTMENT-FUNDED RESEARC
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victimization. The project has four
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APPENDIX FSYNTHESIS OF MAJOR STUDIE
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17 that among the participants who
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authors, extrapolating survey data,
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officials can gain greater awarenes
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Moessner, Chris. “Cyberbullying.
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The authors of this chapter in a bo
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Wells, Melissa, David Finkelhor, Ja
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The article reports the results of
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system ۛincluding perspectives of
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etween 42 and 44 percent of pornogr
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Reporting the demographic, psycholo
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predator with a victim took place i
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1 Tinker v. Des Moines Independent
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conducted between September 1999 an
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with each grade level, with the per
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Understanding Online Child Pornogra
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focusing on violent (including sexu
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their offending than did Internet o
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trafficking, rape and sexual assaul
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States Postal Inspection Service, 8
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Getting to Grips with Sexual Groomi
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Child Seduction and Self-Representa
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Annotated Bibliography: Child Explo
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Abstract The author discusses teach
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implications for nursing practice i
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providers assisting child victims,
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Problematic Internet Experiences: P
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Online Requests for Sexual Pictures
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Sheldon Kennedy and a Canadian Trag
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people involved in prostitution and
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debates about child labour, exploit
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Abstract The article presents the v
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dealing with sexual offenses agains
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The National Strategy for Child Exploitation Prevention and Interdiction

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