UFC 3-280-02A Hazardous Waste Land Disposal/Land Treatment ...
UFC 3-280-02A Hazardous Waste Land Disposal/Land Treatment ... UFC 3-280-02A Hazardous Waste Land Disposal/Land Treatment ...
(2) Sedimentation controls should be establishedfor onsite borrow areas and construction areas. Wherepossible, facilities for control of sediment transportshould be located near the source, so that onlysediment-laden waters need be handled. The nearsourcesystem requires less extensive structures thanthe downstream sedimentation control basin alternativefor intercepted run-on flows.(3) Sediment control facilities for source areasinclude:(a) Temporary Sediment Basins-At constructionareas, where run off is usually confined to ditches ordepressions in the topography, basins can beconstructed by excavating shallow depressions andplacing berms or sandbags to contain water forsedimentation.(b) Silt Barriers-Where sheet flow occurs (onperimeter construction slopes, and in large excavations),silt fences or hay bales placed in a shallow trench can bepositioned to intercept run off and remove sediment. Siltfences normally consist of filter cloth fastened to wirefencing.(c) Vegetation-Completed borrow areas, inactivestockpile areas, and final cover areas can be seeded,fertilized or hydroseeded to establish a vegetative coverwhich will provide erosion and sediment control. Whenvegetation has become established, downgradient siltfences or other sedimentation control structures may beremoved.(4) Sedimentation control basins (figure 6-9),used for settling out sediment being carried by surfaceflows, are often established at discharge locations byconstructing containment dikes and excavating a basinarea. To discharge surface water, emergency overflowspillways and pipe drains are typically provided.(5) The principal maintenance requirement forsedimentation basins is removal of accumulatedsediment by draglines or loaders during dry-weatherperiods.d. Run-off control systems. Run-off controlsystems which handle surface water flows from activeportions of hazardous waste units and any site stagingareas that might contain wastes residue must includecollection and holding facilities (figure 6-9). Thesefacilities retain run off for treatment before its release,evaporation, or discharge back to an approvedhazardous waste facility.(1) For large sites located in semi-arid regions, collectionand holding facilities might be developed to receive runoff from the majority of the site, rather than specificwaste units. Such facilities could easily be sized to retainand effect evaporation of run-off volumes much largerthan those from the required 24hour, 25-year storm,ensuring full containment while minimizing operationalrequirements. For sites located in more humid areas,the immediate waste handling6-19TM 5-814-7areas and active disposal units should be confined, andoperations effectively controlled, to enable collection andretention of the minimum volume of run off which maybest be treated for release, or discharged back to anapproved hazardous waste facility.(2) The conveyance systems developed to carryrun off from active areas of waste units, and the retentionfacilities developed to contain run off, must prevent anyrelease of liquid. Closed pipes or ditches with syntheticliners should be considered for waste piles and landfills.(3) Conveyance systems within land treatmentunits may include unlined terraces and grass waterwaysfor both application of liquid waste, and for interceptingflows and minimizing erosion within the land treatmentarea.(4) Retention facilities designed for all wasteunits should meet either storage or surfaceimpoundment requirements. However, a lower area ofeither waste unit might be developed and used for theretention and treatment of run off from active areas. Theadequacy of the retention basin size should bedemonstrated, based upon a monthly tabulation of runoffstorage requirements, and the methods for emptyingthe basins and dispersing of the accumulated waters,(i.e., treatment and discharge, evaporation, sprayirrigation, solidification, etc.).(5) Procedures which may be required tominimize the active area from which run off must becollected could include internal berms, synthetic cover,encapsulated wastes, and restrictions during wetweatherperiods.e. Sizing run-on/run-off control systems.Methods used to predict run-off volumes and peak flowrates include the Rational Formula, empiricalexpressions and charts of the USDA’s Soil ConservationService (SCS), and various hydrographic procedures.Both the Rational Formula and the SCS charts providepredictions which can be used in sizing surface watercontrol systems at disposal facilities.(eq 6-1)(1) For the Rational Equation: Q = CiAwhere: Q = flow rate (cfs)C = run-off coefficient (assumed)i =intensity of rainfall(inches/hour) for the selecteddesign duration and frequencyA = tributary area, in acres(2) The value of C for sizing run-off controlsystems should be 0.8 to 1.0 when the active areas arebarren or lined. The same factor should also be used todetermine the volume of run off into holding facilities overthe specified period of time. Run-off coefficients forother surface conditions applicable to land disposalfacilities are available in TM 5-820-4.(3) The SCS method provides empirically basedCANCELLED
TM 5-814-7Figure 6-9. Run-on sedimentation control/run-off retention basins.6-20CANCELLED
- Page 2 and 3: ARMY TM 5-814-7HAZARDOUS WASTE LAND
- Page 5 and 6: TM 5-814-7LIST OF FIGURESPageFigure
- Page 7 and 8: CHAPTER 2TM 5-814-72-1. Federal reg
- Page 10 and 11: Table 3-1. Composition and Quantity
- Page 12 and 13: ial. All facilities must be designe
- Page 14 and 15: Table 3-2. Design/Operational Requi
- Page 16 and 17: (Identification and Listing of Haza
- Page 18 and 19: TM 5-814-7Figure 5-1. Illustrative
- Page 20 and 21: 5-4The structure should be designed
- Page 22 and 23: c. Procedures. Impoundment of hazar
- Page 24 and 25: particular soil, the compatibility
- Page 26 and 27: d. Design elements. Design requirem
- Page 28: (3) Basic equipment for subsurface
- Page 33 and 34: TM 5-814-7of preventing migration o
- Page 35 and 36: priate coatings would be a suitable
- Page 37 and 38: TM 5-814-7Figure 6-3. Base liner de
- Page 39 and 40: Table 6-2-Summary of Liner Types-Co
- Page 41 and 42: TM 5-814-7Figure 6-4. Typical clay
- Page 43 and 44: Table 6-4. Requirements for Leachat
- Page 45 and 46: conductivity of the drainage layer
- Page 47 and 48: TM 5-814-7Figure 6-6. Typical run-o
- Page 49: TM 5-814-7Figure 6-8. Typical run-o
- Page 53 and 54: tems is the gas flow rate. Flow rat
- Page 55 and 56: 6-24sure covers is provided in EPA
- Page 57 and 58: Table 6- 7. Requirements for Specia
- Page 59 and 60: CHAPTER 7OPERATIONS AND CONTINGENCY
- Page 61 and 62: TM 5-814-7tending into the area of
- Page 63 and 64: ing hydrogeologic conditions are de
- Page 65 and 66: TM 5-814-7CANCELLEDFigure 8-2. Moni
- Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER 9TM 5-814-79-1. Introductio
- Page 69 and 70: 10-1. Cost Elementsa. Cost elements
- Page 71 and 72: APPENDIX ATM 5-814-7Government Publ
- Page 73 and 74: TM 5-814-7Table B-I. Summary of RCR
- Page 75 and 76: APPENDIX CTM 5-814-7C-1. Purpose an
- Page 77 and 78: TM 5-814-7CANCELLEDC-3
- Page 79 and 80: (c) Based upon these calculations,
- Page 81 and 82: The proponent agency of this public
- Page 83 and 84: CANCELLEDPIN: 057162
- Page 85: UFC 3-280-02A16 January 2004FOREWOR
TM 5-814-7Figure 6-9. Run-on sedimentation control/run-off retention basins.6-20CANCELLED
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