The Design of Rolling Bearing Mountings

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33 Manual gearbox for trucksOperating data16-speed-transmission for heavy trucks in the powerrange from 220 to 370 kW. The 4-speed component isextended to 16 gears by means of a split group and arange group.Gear ratios: 13.8 — 0.84 and 16.47 — 1.0.Bearing selectionInput and output shafts, main bearingsAdjusted tapered roller bearings in boxed X arrangement.Adjustment of these bearings via the cup of thetapered roller bearing at the input end. The cup ismachined to K6.Lay shaftTapered roller bearings in X arrangement; machiningtolerances: shaft to k6 / housing to K6.The idler gears are supported by needle-roller-andcageassemblies.First split constantBearing arrangement with two single-row needleroller-and-cageassemblies. Shaft tolerance g5; housingtolerance G5.Second split constantBearing arrangement with two cylindrical roller bearings,both outer ring raceways integrated in the gearwheelbore. The cylindrical roller bearings accommodateradial and axial loads.Range groupThe planet wheels are supported by full-complement,double-row cylindrical roller bearings.The lubricant is supplied via bores between the rollerrows and collecting pockets in the cage. A deep grooveball bearing supports the cage versus the ring gear.At the output end of the output shaft a deep grooveball bearing accommodates the radial and axial loadsresulting from the joint shaft.Split group Four-speed group with reverse gear Range group33: 16-speed truck transmission51 FAG
Automotive differentialsDesignSpiral bevel-gear drives – with or without intersectingaxes – are now almost always used for front and rearaxle drives. Very high axial loads arise which, withnon-intersecting axes, may be several times the tangentialload at the pinion. Due to the limited space andthe elevated torque values, the pinion bearings are veryheavily loaded. The pinion bearings should provide foreven meshing of pinion and crown wheel under load;therefore, the pinion bearing arrangement should be asrigid as possible. The pinion is either an overhung or astraddled arrangement. The overhung arrangement isusually fitted with two tapered roller bearings adjustedagainst one another. Compact bearing arrangements(double-row tapered roller bearings with an unsplitcup or a cup with a flange) are common.The crown wheel is mounted in common with the differential.The meshing accuracy of the teeth shouldvary as little as possible and mounting should, therefore,be provided with sufficient rigidity. The rigidityrequirements are easier to meet than with the pinionsince more mounting space is available for this applicationand the axial loads are generally lower.Bearing adjustmentRigid pinion and crown wheel guidance is achieved byadjusting the bearings against each other with a preload.With grey-cast iron housings, thermal expansionof the shaft increases the preload in nearly all cases afteroperating temperature is reached; the preload must,however, never be such as to exceed the elastic limit ofthe bearing material.The opposite applies to aluminium housings, whichare being used more and more because of their lightness.So, the preload has to be selected such as toachieve the required rigidity, but the additional bearingloading must not significantly reduce the bearinglife. This is the case if the axial preload does not exceedabout half the external axial force F a applied.LubricationDifferentials rely exclusively on oil lubrication. Bearingsand gears are lubricated with the same oil. Sincethe lubricant is subjected to severe stressing in the spiralgearing, hypoid oils with EP additives are used.While the splash oil sufficiently lubricates the crownwheel shaft bearings, which have to accommodate lowerloads, inlets and outlets must be provided for the oilfor the pinion shaft particularly for the bearing on theflange side. Attention should be paid to the oil flow directionwhich is always from the small end to the largeend of the tapered rollers. The oil ducts have to be arrangedand dimensioned such as to ensure that oil circulatesin every speed range.The pinion shaft is normally sealed by means of radialshaft seals, in some cases in combination with a flingersheet.Bearing dimensioningFatigue life analysis of the bearings mounted in differentialsis based on maximum torque and correspondingspeed as is the case with automotive gearboxes. Thepercentage times at the individual speeds are based onexperience. This information is then used to determinethe mean index of dynamic stressing. The rolling bearingsmounted in cars should have an average f Lm valueof 1...1.3.Wear of these bearings should be minimal since differentialdrives require a high guiding accuracy and asquiet running as possible. With today's bearing dimensioningthe service life of differential bearings is eitherterminated by fatigue or wear.A detailed calculation of the attainable life is usuallynot necessary as these bearings have proved their worthsufficiently in the automotive sector. Bearing dimensioningbased on a comparison calculation with theindex of dynamic stressing f L is sufficient.FAG 52
Page 3: PrefaceThis publication presents de
Page 6 and 7: ContentsExample Title . . . . . . .
Page 8 and 9: assembly is contracted. Thus the ra
Page 10 and 11: Current insulationWhere converter c
Page 12 and 13: 4 Electric motor for domestic appli
Page 14 and 15: PulleyDrum5: Drum mounting of a dom
Page 16 and 17: 6: Rotor bearing arrangement of a v
Page 18: 7: Rotor bearing arrangement of a m
Page 21 and 22: 9-18 Work spindles of machine tools
Page 23 and 24: 10 NC-lathe main spindleOperating d
Page 26 and 27: 13 High-speed motor milling spindle
Page 28 and 29: 15 Vertical high-speed milling spin
Page 30 and 31: 17 External cylindrical grinding sp
Page 32 and 33: 19 Rotary table of a vertical lathe
Page 34 and 35: 21 Rough-turning lathe for round ba
Page 36 and 37: 22: Flywheel bearing arrangement of
Page 38 and 39: 24 Double-shaft circular sawOperati
Page 40 and 41: Rollbending bearingsA counterbendin
Page 42 and 43: 27 Spur gear transmission for a rev
Page 44 and 45: The effects of basing the bearing d
Page 46 and 47: 29 Bevel gear - spur gear transmiss
Page 48 and 49: 31 Worm gear pairOperating dataInpu
Page 50 and 51: at least normal cleanliness (contam
Page 54: 34 Final drive of a passenger carOp
Page 57 and 58: Driven and non-steered rear wheel36
Page 59 and 60: 38 Steering king pin of a truckA va
Page 61 and 62: 40 Water pump for passenger car and
Page 63 and 64: 42 Axle box roller bearings of an I
Page 65 and 66: 43-44 UIC axle box roller bearings
Page 67 and 68: 45Axle box roller bearingsof series
Page 69 and 70: 47Axle box roller bearingsof the Ch
Page 71 and 72: 48 Axle box roller bearings for an
Page 73 and 74: 50Axle box roller bearingsaccording
Page 75 and 76: 52Universal quill drivefor threepha
Page 77 and 78: 54 Spur gear transmission for the u
Page 79 and 80: 55 Bevel gear transmission for city
Page 81 and 82: 56- 57 Spherical roller bearings as
Page 83 and 84: 60 Spade-type rudderDesignThe slewi
Page 85 and 86: 61-62 Ship shaft bearings and stern
Page 87 and 88: 63-64 Ship shaft thrust blocksThe t
Page 89 and 90: 64a: Complete ship shaft thrust blo
Page 91 and 92: 65 RefinersWood chips from the wood
Page 93 and 94: 66 Suction rollsSuction rolls are f
Page 95 and 96: 68 Dryer rollsThe remaining water i
Page 97 and 98: 69 Guide rollsGuide rolls guide, as
Page 99 and 100: 70 Calender thermo rollsThe paper p
Page 101 and 102: 71 Anti-deflection rollsAnti-deflec
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73 Run wheel of a material ropewayO
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74 Rope return sheaves of a passeng
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75 Rope sheave (underground mining)
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76 Rope sheave of a pulley blockIn
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77 Crane pillar mounting with a sph
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79 Roller track assemblyThe radial
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80 Crane run wheelOperating dataWhe
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81 Crane hookThe load suspended fro
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83 Head pulley of a belt conveyorOn
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Internal bearings for the tension/8
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Belt conveyor idlersMany industries
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87 Bucket wheel shaft of a bucket w
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89 Drive unit of a finished goods e
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91 Vibrating road rollerThe vibrati
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92 Double toggle jaw crusherDouble
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94 Double-shaft hammer crusherDoubl
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95 Ball tube millTube mills are mos
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96 Support roller of a rotary kilnR
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Vibrating machinesVibrating screens
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98 Two-bearing screen with straight
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99 Four-bearing screenThe vibration
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101-103 Large capacity convertersCo
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104Roll bearings of afour-high cold
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Work rolls for the finishing sectio
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107 Combined reduction and cogging
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108 Work rolls of a section millThe
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Two-high rolls of a dressing stand1
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110 Straightening rolls of a rail s
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111 Disk ploughIn a disk plough the
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112 Plane sifterSifters are used in
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Printing pressesPrinting quality is
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114 Blanket cylinder of a sheet-fed
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116 Axial piston machineCylinder bl
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117 Axial piston machineOperating d
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119 Hot gas fanGas temperature 150
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121 Optical telescopeOperating data
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122-124 RadiotelescopeFor radioastr
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123 Azimuth axis (track roller and
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GlossaryAdditivesAdditives are oil-
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GlossaryAxial clearanceThe axial cl
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GlossaryContamination factor VThe c
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GlossaryEP additivesWear-reducing a
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Glossary1. Safe retention and unifo
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GlossaryLoad angleThe load angle i
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Glossaryload and the ring to be fit
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Glossaryaligning ball bearings, bar
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GlossaryViscosityViscosity is the m
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NotesFAG 196
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The Design of Rolling Bearing Mountings

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