Download Pharmacy Curriculum Draft (NCRC); 2011
Download Pharmacy Curriculum Draft (NCRC); 2011 Download Pharmacy Curriculum Draft (NCRC); 2011
a. Intravenous Injection (Bolus) b. Intravenous infusion.II. Multicompartment models.a. Two compartment open model.b. IV bolus, IV infusion and oral administrationIII. Non-compartmental Model.Statistical Moment Theory; MRT for various compartment models;Physiological Pharmacokinetic model.8. MULTIPLE DOSAGE REGIMENa. Introduction, principles of superpositionb. Factors: persistent, accumulation and loss factorsc. Repetitive Intravenous injections – One Compartment Open Modeld. Repetitive Extravascular dosing – One Compartment Open modele. Multiple Dose Regimen – Two Compartment Open Model9. ELIMINATION OF DRUGS:a) Hepatic Elimination. Percent of Drug Metabolized, DrugBiotransformation reactions, (Phase-I reactions and phase-II reactions),First pass effect, Hepatic clearance of protein bound drugs and Biliaryexcretion of drugs.b) Renal Excretion of Drugs: Renal clearance, Tubular Secretion andTubular Reabsorption.c) Elimination of Drugs through other organs: Pulmonary excretion,Salivary excretion, Mammilary excretion, Skin excretion and Genitalexcretion.10. PROTEIN BINDING: Introduction, types, kinetics, determination andclinical significance of drug-protein binding.11. PHARMACOKINETICS VARIATIONS IN DISEASE STATES.Determination of pharmacokinetics variations in renal and hepatic diseases,general approaches for dose adjustment in renal diseaseand hepatic diseases.12. PHARMACOKINETICS OF INTRAVENOUS INFUSIONS.13. BIOPHARMACEUTICAL ASPECTS INDEVELOPING A DOSAGEFORMDrug considerations, drug product considerations, patient considerations,manufacturing considerations, pharmacodynamic considerationspharmacokinetic considerations156 | Pakistan Pharmacist Federation; www.pharmacistfed.pk,www.pharmafed.wordpress.com, www.pharmarev.com, info@pharmacistfed.pk,
14. IN-VITRO-IN-VIVO CORRELATION (IVIVC)Introduction, levels and determination of in-vitro/in-vivo correlationPHARMACEUTICS –V (BIOPHARMACEUTICS) (PRACTICAL)Paper 8100 MarksNOTE:- Practical of the subject shall be designed from time to time on the basis of theabove mentioned theoretical topics and availability of the facilities, e.g. BloodSampling Techniques (In Laboratory Animals like dog, rabbits, mice etc. inhuman beings), In-vitro dissolution studies, Optional dose determination,Measurement of rate of Bioavailability, Determination of relative and absolutebioavailability. Plasma level-time curve (Determination of Pharmacokineticparameters). Determination of plasma protein binding. Urinary samplingtechniques. In Laboratory animals. In humans. Renal excretion of drugs or drugdisposition.Recommended Books1. Leon Shargel, Applied Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics,Appleton & Lange, New York, 5th Ed., 2008.2. Malcoln Rouland, Thomous N Tozer, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, William& Willkins, London, 1995.3. Milo Gibaldi, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 4 thEd,Marchel& Dakker Inc, New York, 2008.4. Gibbson and Skett, Introduction to Drug Metabolism, 3 rd Ed,Champ &Hall, London, 2001.5. Robert E Notari, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, 4 th Ed,Marchel & Dakker Inc, New York, 1988.6. Sarfraz Niazi, Text Book of Biopharmaceutics & ClinicalPharmacokinetics. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, 1985.7. Gul Majid Khan, Biopharmaceutics: Text Book for Pharmacy Students &Working Pharmacists [ISBN978-969-9101-00-7]8. Gul Majid Khan, Text Book of Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics forPost Graduate Students9. Gul Majid Khan, Laboratory Manual of Biopharmaceutics &Pharmacokinetics[ISBN 978-969-9101-02-1]157 | Pakistan Pharmacist Federation; www.pharmacistfed.pk,www.pharmafed.wordpress.com, www.pharmarev.com, info@pharmacistfed.pk,
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a. Intravenous Injection (Bolus) b. Intravenous infusion.II. Multicompartment models.a. Two compartment open model.b. IV bolus, IV infusion and oral administrationIII. Non-compartmental Model.Statistical Moment Theory; MRT for various compartment models;Physiological Pharmacokinetic model.8. MULTIPLE DOSAGE REGIMENa. Introduction, principles of superpositionb. Factors: persistent, accumulation and loss factorsc. Repetitive Intravenous injections – One Compartment Open Modeld. Repetitive Extravascular dosing – One Compartment Open modele. Multiple Dose Regimen – Two Compartment Open Model9. ELIMINATION OF DRUGS:a) Hepatic Elimination. Percent of Drug Metabolized, DrugBiotransformation reactions, (Phase-I reactions and phase-II reactions),First pass effect, Hepatic clearance of protein bound drugs and Biliaryexcretion of drugs.b) Renal Excretion of Drugs: Renal clearance, Tubular Secretion andTubular Reabsorption.c) Elimination of Drugs through other organs: Pulmonary excretion,Salivary excretion, Mammilary excretion, Skin excretion and Genitalexcretion.10. PROTEIN BINDING: Introduction, types, kinetics, determination andclinical significance of drug-protein binding.11. PHARMACOKINETICS VARIATIONS IN DISEASE STATES.Determination of pharmacokinetics variations in renal and hepatic diseases,general approaches for dose adjustment in renal diseaseand hepatic diseases.12. PHARMACOKINETICS OF INTRAVENOUS INFUSIONS.13. BIOPHARMACEUTICAL ASPECTS INDEVELOPING A DOSAGEFORMDrug considerations, drug product considerations, patient considerations,manufacturing considerations, pharmacodynamic considerationspharmacokinetic considerations156 | Pakistan Pharmacist Federation; www.pharmacistfed.pk,www.pharmafed.wordpress.com, www.pharmarev.com, info@pharmacistfed.pk,
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