14. starptautiskÄ konference 2012 - Latvijas JÅ«ras akadÄmija

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200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011Proceedings of 14th International conference „Maritime Transport and Infrastructure - <strong>2012</strong>”Annual average benzene concentrations on Tvaika Street at Riga Harbour is decreasing after2002, when handling of light oil products was stopped, and is increasing from 2006, when theirhandling returned (Figure 3). After regulations on air pollution in Latvia [6] annual limit value forbenzene from 2010 is 5 mg/m 3 , and it was again exceeded in 2011 (7.1 mg/m 3 ). The companies in RigaHarbour is ordering the monitoring of air pollution in their territories from State Ltd LEGMA, and in2011 benzene concentrations in the territory of “ManTess” was measured 9 months with diffusionsampler technique. Average concentration was only 3.7 mg/m 3 , which is about 2 times less thanmeasured with DOAS station. The diffuse sampler method is monitoring air pollution only in onepoint; nevertheless an open-beam DOAS system captures air pollution from a much wider area.Concentration, mg/m 320181614121086420Annual average benzene concentrationsFig. 3. Annual average benzene concentrations on Tvaika Street at Riga Harbour (red line - annual limitvalue for benzene).Therefore it is possible that with DOAS technique are measured benzene emissions frommany different sources: rail cars, tankers, handling operations in the terminals, trucks and passengercars, buses.4.2 Concentrations of Sulphur Dioxide SO 2Analyzing SO 2 concentration distribution depending on wind directions (Figure 4), it isnoticeable that the higher SO 2 pollution is coming from certain directions. Comparing the position oflight beam and surrounding emission sources, it is expected Ltd BMGS is responsible for SO 2pollution from North, tankers – for pollution from West-Northwest, stacks of Ltd ManTess – forpollution from East.Sometimes pollution cases are observed in Riga in specific weather conditions (temperatureinversion, low wind speed) when simultaneously all 7 urban air monitoring stations are recording thegrowth of SO 2 concentrations (Figure 5). In the particular case (January 31, 2009, 3:00-5:00 AM) thetemperature was -8 o C, the wind blew from the North (31 degrees) with speed 3,2 m/s. A possiblesource of pollution could be a Riga Harbour.72
0:001:002:003:004:005:006:007:008:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:00Proceedings of 14th International conference „Maritime Transport and Infrastructure - <strong>2012</strong>”Fig. 4. SO 2 concentrations scatter from wind direction (data from 2009) on Tvaika Street at Riga Harbour.SO2 pollution episode in Riga, January 31, 200930252015SO2,KengaragsSO2,BLBSO2,Raina bulvSO2, MilgravisSO2, RigaCityCouncilSO2, BrivibasSO2, ManTessConcentration, mg/m 31050Fig. 5. SO 2 concentrations scatter from wind direction (data from 2009) on Tvaika Street at Riga Harbour.ConclusionsIt is shown that the DOAS method with open light path is suitable for air pollution monitoringat the Riga Harbour. From monitoring data it is possible to track the source of emissions if averagehourly concentrations of pollutants are analysed together with the meteorological data. As it is shown,sulphur dioxide sources in Harbour are mostly tankers manoeuvring through the river or standing atdocks with powered engines during the handling of oil products. An open-beam DOAS systemcaptures air pollution from a wider area and in case of observed high benzene emissions are frommany different sources: rail cars, tankers, handling operations in the terminals, trucks and passengercars, buses.AcknowledgmentsRiga City is acknowledging data from air monitoring stations.73
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