14. starptautiskÄ konference 2012 - Latvijas JÅ«ras akadÄmija

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Proceedings of 14th International conference „Maritime Transport and Infrastructure - <strong>2012</strong>”Examples of Implementation of Life Cycle Management Approach in the Baltic RegionDuring over 20-years of practical experience GT Corporation has made technical inspection ofover thousand of port quays with hundreds of kilometres of total length. Following own practicalexperience, we can conclude that systematic approach to maintenance of port structures, based onprincipals of Life Cycle Management System helps to avoid losses of income from idle port facilitiesduring emergency cases and unplanned repairs.Examples of well-functioning systems of technical control and maintenance in the Baltic Searegion could be the following ports:1) Port of Klaipeda (LITHUANIA)It is one of the few ice-free ports in northernmost Europe, and the largest in Lithuania. Itserves as a port of call for cruise ships as well as freight transport. The Port Authority is responsiblefor the maintenance, reconstruction and modernisation of the port infrastructure, while loading/unloading operations are managed by separate independent terminals. The port is able to accommodateships of up to 195 m in length with draughts of 10.5 m. In 2011 handled over 36,5 mln. tn. of cargo.Port has over 165 quays and jetties, with tens of kilometers of berthing line. System of cyclictechnical inspections has started in 2003. At present time already the third cycle of inspections is inprogress.2) Port of Tallinn (ESTONIA)Port of Tallinn is the biggest port authority in Estonia and as far as both cargo and passengertraffic are taken into account, the biggest port on the shores of the Baltic Sea.Today port of Tallinn operates as a landlord type of port with no cargo handling operations of its own.It is maintaining and developing the infrastructure of the port and leasing territories to terminaloperators through building titles giving the operators an incentive to invest into superstructure andtechnology.Port of Tallinn consists of five harbours, most of them are situated on a north seaside ofEstonia, close to the capital - Tallinn. Total number of quays - 74, total length of berths about 14,3 km.Cargo turnover in 2010 was 36,6 mln.tnPeriodical technical inspections started since 2001. At present time the third cycle ofinspections is in progress.3) Port of Helsinki (FINLAND)Situated on the south coast of Finland, this port is an important transport hub of numerous ofBaltic transport routes. At present time Port of Helsinki consists of 4 harbours, total amount of quays -55, with total length of 9,7 km. Goods traffic is about 11 mln.tn. (data of 2010). First inspectionswere made in 2004 and at present time all berth structures are inspected totally and second cycle ofinspections has started.References1. PIANC MarCom Working Group 103, Life Cycle Management of Port Structures. Recommended Practice forImplementation, published by PIANC, BRUSSELS, 2008 (PIANC - Permanent International Association ofNavigation Congresses)2. Suomen Rakennusinsinöörien Liitto RIL ry, RIL 236-2006 Satamlaitureiden kunnonhalliinta, HELSINKI,20063. Союз инженеров-строителей Финляндии, RIL 236-2006 Управление техническим состояниемпортовых причалов, HELSINKI, 20084. Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures Harbours and Waterways EAU 2004, (2009edition).44
Proceedings of 14th International conference „Maritime Transport and Infrastructure - <strong>2012</strong>”NEW APPROACH TO USE THE ACOUSTIC EMISSION MONITORINGFOR THE DEFECTS DETECTION OF COMPOSIT-MATERIAL’SDESIGN ELEMENTSAlexander Urbah*, Muharbiy Banov**, Vladislav Turko***, YuriyFeshchuk***** Rīgas Tehniskā universitāte, Transportmašīnu Tehnoloģiju institūts, Lomonosova iela 1, Rīga, Latvija, LV-1019, E-pasts: aleksandrs.urbahs@rtu.lv** Rīgas Tehniskā universitāte, Transportmašīnu Tehnoloģiju institūts, Lomonosova iela 1, Rīga, Latvija, LV-1019, E-pasts: muharbij@inbox.lv***Rīgas Tehniskā universitāte, Transportmašīnu Tehnoloģiju institūts, Lomonosova iela 1, Rīga, Latvija, LV-1019, E-pasts: vladislav.turko@mail.com**** Rīgas Tehniskā universitāte, Transportmašīnu Tehnoloģiju institūts, Lomonosova iela 1, Rīga, Latvija,LV-1019, E-pasts:ndt_ae@inbox.lvAbstractThe experimental results of the new approach of acoustic emission monitoring are led. To load adesign element, the principle of thermal loading has been chosen: rise in temperature of the designelement, and its cooling. The destruction of the main rotor blade of the helicopter in operation shownthat traditional defect’s monitoring isn't effective for the defects detection. The thermal loading ofcomposite material’s elements from rise in temperature has shown the bigger efficiency of the defectsdetection, than long thermal influence of low (minus) temperatures. The offered approach allowsapplying an acoustic emission method directly in operation.KEY WORDS: acoustic emission, composite, starved spot, stratification, thermo loading.IntroductionThe aerospace branch makes severe requirements to working capacity and reliability ofconstructional materials.Recently more and more wide application is found by composite materials which possess anumber of unique properties which define their choice instead of metal alloys.Existing pasting technologies of various materials are insufficiently perfect; therefore inglutinous connections there are defects which reduce durability of glutinous connection. Durability ofthe last it is caused by adhesive influence of connected surfaces with a glutinous layer. And alsocohesion durability of this layer and a connected material with a design of a connecting seam. Thecommission of the Russia Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) had undertaken the investigation of thecrash of the helicopter Mi-8 which had happened in July, 2009 in the Volgograd region.Then six persons were lost. The commission has come to conclusion that accident hasoccurred because of defective blades of the steering screw (blades have been stuck together by a poorqualitygluing film) which in air have simply collapsed. According to an expert estimation [1] changeof structure of a gluing film has occurred while in service blades in an arm zone, its destructionwhence has begun. On Fig. 1 appearance of a fragment of a covering from the bottom party of thecollapsed blade on a site of adhesive destruction of glutinous connection is resulted.The experts noted that accident was resulted due to that the Plant has made the blade, havingstuck together it a glutinous film with unstable physical and chemical characteristics. At existingcontrol methods to find such defect it is impossible - neither at a production phase of glue VK-3, nor ata manufacturing stage of blades, nor in operation use.45
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