TOPONYMIC GUIDELINES OF POLAND - KSNG Nazwy geograficzne

phoneme (e.g. ch – h, rz – ż). In particular the rules refer to thepronunciation of nasal vowels and voiced consonants.Phoneme Pronunciation Example Position(API)/ ~ o / ~ o Gąski before fricative consonantsom Dąbki before p, bon Łącko before c, cz, d, dz, ton Mącice before ć,ci,dź,dzioη Łąkowo before k, g/b/ p Lubsko,Niesóbbefore voiceless consonantsand as final soundsbBusko,Kołbielin other positions/x/ x Chełmx Hrubieszów in standard pronunciation/γ/ γ Hrubieszów voiced in regional pronunciation(eastern Poland)/d/ t Zawadka,Nowogródbefore voiceless consonantsand as final sounds/dz/d Dębsko in other positions)tsKłodzko,Luboradzbefore voiceless consonantsand as final soundsd ) zRadzyń in other positions17