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century all governments have become aware of the practical significance of scientific advance. Perhaps seen first in Germany in the late nineteenth century, the economic and social implications of scientific predominance were soon acknowledged throughout the world. The results of the German superiority in scientific training clearly became apparent during the First World War, and German scientists continued to press their cause in the postwar era. The unified efforts of scientists, industrialists, and government leaders did much to establish a system of research funding during the period of the Weimar Republic that has been widely copied since that time. CONCLUSION There is little doubt that the role of science has been widely expanded in our society in the past five decades. Much of this expansion in scope may be ascribed to scientific genius, but it would be unfair to suggest that industrial, economic, and social factors have not played a part in creating an atmosphere favorable to the furtherance of both pure and applied research. In any case, the continued historical investigation of the science of the past century and its relationship to society will surely establish more firmly the deep roots of the widespread interest in the sciences which exists on all levels of society today. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTES There are no thoroughly satisfactory accounts of nineteenth- and twentieth-century science. It is interesting to note the views of nineteenth-century scientists published at the end of the century. There are a number of such evaluations; the one referred to in the present paper is that by Alfred Russell Wallace, The Wonderful Century: Its Successes and Its Failures (New York: Dodd Mead & Co., 1899). A Century of Science, 1851-1951, edited by Herbert Dingle (London and New York: Hutchinson's Scientific and Technical Publications, 1951), offers an old but useful set of papers on a crucial century, and among recent internalist interpretations of twentieth-century developments may be included Scientific Thought, 1900-1960: A Selected Survey, edited by R. Harré (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969), and Science in the Twentieth Century, edited by René Taton, translated by A. J. Pomerans (London: Thames & Hudson, 1966). Recent research in this field may best be followed through the annual volumes (since 1969) of the journal Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences, edited by Russell K. McCormmach (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press). Some of the most provocative research in this journal will be found in the papers of Paul Forman and the editor, Russell K. McCormmach, such as studies on the relationship of science to broader socio-economic problems. Another early investigation is that of John D. Bernal, Science and Industry in the Nineteenth Century (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1953). The special significance of the chemical industry in nineteenth-century Germany has been discussed by Aaron J. Ihde in The Development of Modern Chemistry (New York, Evanston, and London, 1964) and by J. J. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH (<strong>IADR</strong>) – THE FIRST FIFTY YEAR HISTORY PAGE 7
Beer in The Emergence of the German Dye Industry (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1959). Derek J. de Solla Price's studies will be found most conveniently stated in his Little Science, Big Science (New York: Columbia University Press, 1963) and in the chapters on "Mutations of Science" and "Diseases of Science" in his Science since Babylon (New York and London: Yale University Press, 1962). The dialogue between Joe Weber and Lew Fields was transcribed from Columbia record A-1168, "Heinie at College," recorded on 22 March 1912; the author is indebted to Mr. John Wholahan for locating Albert A. Michelson's reference to the common belief that the future of the physical sciences was to be found in ever more accurate measurements, in the Quarterly Calendar (University of Chicago) 3: 2-15, August 1894. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL RESEARCH (<strong>IADR</strong>) – THE FIRST FIFTY YEAR HISTORY PAGE 8
Page 1 and 2: THE FIRST FIFTY YEAR HISTORY OF THE
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.) FOURTEEN
Page 5 and 6: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS If it should prove
Page 7 and 8: hardships as they pursued their goa
Page 9 and 10: use of chemical methods was not a n
Page 11: has shown, the hundred journals exi
Page 15 and 16: development totaled $1.6 billion in
Page 17 and 18: propoxyphene. A historic event occu
Page 19 and 20: understood, it has responded apprec
Page 21 and 22: (400-300 B.C.), the "father of medi
Page 23 and 24: discoveries gave to suffering manki
Page 25 and 26: population was 1,694,096,000, some
Page 27 and 28: Who was this Professor of Biologica
Page 29 and 30: December 10, 1920, hereby establish
Page 31 and 32: the previous Articles of Agreement
Page 33 and 34: SECTION 4. Initiation. Initiation o
Page 35 and 36: (C) Election. The Council's nominee
Page 37 and 38: CHAPTER FOUR: HAVE OBJECTIVES OF TH
Page 39 and 40: indeed they did through many fields
Page 41 and 42: international aspect has only recen
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER FIVE: MILESTONES AND LANDMA
Page 45 and 46: flourished, although it floundered
Page 47 and 48: President. However, the man who was
Page 49 and 50: he had also held in the earlier Arc
Page 51 and 52: with dental degrees. One individual
Page 53 and 54: 1978-79 FINN BRUDEVOLD, M.S., D.D.S
Page 55 and 56: • University of Illinois College
Page 57 and 58: Russell Welford Bunting The Ninth P
Page 59 and 60: • Farewell Address delivered at M
Page 61 and 62: Charles Francis Bodecker The Ninete
Page 63 and 64:
Atomic Energy Project, 1947-58 Chie
Page 65 and 66:
• Editor, American Association of
Page 67 and 68:
• Harvard School of Dental Medici
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Professor, Oral Pathology & Diagnos
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John Barfoot Macdonald The Forty-fi
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• University of the Pacific, 1972
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Harald A. Löe The Fifty-sixth Pres
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• Faculty of Dentistry, Universit
Page 79 and 80:
• Institute of Dental Research, S
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Issue of Quality" J Dent Res 73(7):
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Marjorie K. Jeffcoat The Seventy-se
Page 85 and 86:
CHAPTER SEVEN: ADMINISTRATIVE ASPEC
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TRUSTEES AND DIRECTORS IADR Trustee
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3. J Dent Res 19: 341-342, 1940. 4.
Page 91 and 92:
service, and which add to the knowl
Page 93 and 94:
SECTION 2. Duties of the Council. T
Page 95 and 96:
BYLAWS SECTION A. Membership 1. Nom
Page 97 and 98:
3. Bonding. The Council shall direc
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1970 comprised fifty-two Sections,
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CHAPTER NINE: HONORARY STATUS IN TH
Page 103 and 104:
On this occasion, Saturday, 24 July
Page 105 and 106:
CHAPTER TEN: THE AWARDS The concept
Page 107 and 108:
Titles and papers (almost all were
Page 109 and 110:
Schour Award Winners 1967 Harry Sic
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J. A. English 1962-67 F. A. Peyton
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Periodontal Disease Award N. B. Wil
Page 115 and 116:
CHAPTER ELEVEN: MEETINGS AND MEMBER
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25 Chicago Drake Hotel Sat-Sun, 21-
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(In 1923 no meeting was even planne
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18 1940 105 ? 540 19 1941 146 ? 555
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have been active in local Sections
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JOSEPH F. VOLKER, University of Ala
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PRESIDENTIAL INAUGURAL ADDRESSES Da
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RETIRING PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESSES Dat
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the then current IADR Secretary-Tre
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Originals of these growth curves we
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members almost exclusively who were
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1961 JACD 29: 46-47, 1962 SPECIAL N
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CHAPTER THIRTEEN: HISTORY OF THE DI
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of the Australia and New Zealand me
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Seventeenth 10-11 April 1969, Unive
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THE JAPANESE DIVISION The Japanese
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THE NORTH AMERICAN DIVISION MASAO O
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1. Name: the name of NOF should be
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Mervyn Shear, 1970-. (The correct t
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CHAPTER FOURTEEN: HISTORY OF SECTIO
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Northwest Section by 1952 and in 19
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THE NEW ZEALAND SECTION The inaugur
Page 159 and 160:
of tooth substances and filling mat
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As dental research has grown, so ha
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Year Summary with all the minutes,
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Brown, A. J. Bush, H. V. Cottrell,
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The Iowa Section is an active compo
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In 1967 there were again thirteen m
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Martin, Katherene M. Massey, Eugeni
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December 1922, April 1927, May 1933
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From time to time, the Pittsburgh S
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and with Harold C. Hodge and Maynar
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the Brooke Army Medical Center are
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applications of isotopes to oral pr
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affiliated society of the Academy,
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The Helsinki Section was renamed th
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President of the IADR in 1940-41, a
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standpoint of investigations releva
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"inactivation" of the Prague Sectio
Page 193 and 194:
After the war and liberation of Aus
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J Dent Res 12: 709-712, 1932. J Den
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ecommendation that an International
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1968 Saul M. Bien Councilor 1966 Ro
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e beneficial to the dental professi
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PERSONS ATTENDING THE FIRST MEETING
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"Dr. Ward was then President-elect
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Immediately following the organizat
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THE SOUDER AWARD To give recognitio
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1963-64 J. F. Glenn (LD Caulk Co) 1
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President; Stanley P. Hazen, Secret
Page 215 and 216:
CHAPTER SIXTEEN: HISTORY OF THE JOU
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windows because of the bright sun s
Page 219 and 220:
A List of the Names of the Organiza
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6/1924-26 21 0 7 0 1 0 501 7/1927 2
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over the next decade. Total receipt
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15. J Dent Res 3: 229, 1921. 16. J
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history of the healing arts. Their
Page 229 and 230:
Mo St Path Soc, St Louis MS, St Lou
Page 231 and 232:
Toronto. Prac pt perio. FAAPer (hon
Page 233 and 234:
CLAPP, George Wood. PROSTHETICS. b
Page 235 and 236:
DEAN, Richard D(oggett). BACTERIOLO
Page 237 and 238:
FÖLDI, Alexis. EFFECTS OF TUBERCUL
Page 239 and 240:
GRIEVES, Clarence J(ones). NUTRITIO
Page 241 and 242:
HOOTON, Ernest Albert. ANTHROPOLOGY
Page 243 and 244:
KIRSCHBAUM, Arthur. ANATOMY. b NYC
Page 245 and 246:
Univ Ireland '40. Chmn Fdn for Dent
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Royal Acad Med Belgium, Kaiserlich
Page 249 and 250:
Education in the United States '41.
Page 251 and 252:
PALMER, Bissel Barbour. DENTAL SOCI
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RUDOLPH, Charles E(ugene). PREVENTI
Page 255 and 256:
SLOMAN, Ernest G. DENTAL ANATOMY. b
Page 257 and 258:
SWEENEY, James T. DENTAL AMALGAMS.
Page 259 and 260:
WACH, Edward C(harles). ENDODONTICS
Page 261 and 262:
WISAN, Jacob M(ordecai). DENTAL HYG
Page 263 and 264:
Columbia University, New York, New
Page 265 and 266:
Recently our division has become qu
Page 267 and 268:
A comprehensive introduction of a c
Page 269 and 270:
Roger Egeberg delivered the keynote
Page 271 and 272:
will require orthodontic treatment.
Page 273 and 274:
esearch and, as I mentioned earlier
Page 275 and 276:
future activities of this Associati
Page 277 and 278:
organizations concerned with dental
Page 279 and 280:
egin to consider taking an active r
Page 281 and 282:
to relieve the disproportion existi
Page 283 and 284:
explosions. In part, both could be
Page 285 and 286:
philosophy. Discrimination rather t
Page 287 and 288:
the Use of Audiovisuals in Medical
Page 289 and 290:
pleasure and intellectual excitemen
Page 291 and 292:
for basic research, let me add to t
Page 293 and 294:
100 percent decline in the death ra
Page 295 and 296:
In the health sciences the answer t
Page 297 and 298:
to give them youthful vigor and mot
Page 299 and 300:
CODA Although the IADR story of the
Page 301 and 302:
Indústria Brasileira de Aparelhos
Page 303 and 304:
9. Frederick B. Noyes 10. Edward H.
Page 305 and 306:
First Scientific Meeting of the Sou
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