Adolescence

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TABLE 7. ECONOMIC INDICATORSCountries and territoriesGNI percapita(US$)2009GDP per capitaaverage annualgrowth rate (%)1970–1990 1990–2009Averageannualrate ofinflation(%)1990–2009% ofpopulationbelowinternationalpoverty lineof US$1.25per day1994–2008*% of central governmentexpenditure (1998–2008*)allocated to:health education defenceODA inflowin millionsUS$2008ODA inflowas a % ofrecipientGNI2008Debt serviceas a % ofexports ofgoods and services1990 2008Nigeria 1140 -1.4 1.7 21 64 1 x 3 x 3 x 1290 1 22 0Niue – – – – – – – – 18 – – 0Norway 86440 3.2 2.3 4 – 16 6 5 – – – –Occupied Palestinian Territory b – -2.4 x 4 x – – – – 2593 – – –Oman 17890 x 3.3 2 x 4 x – 7 15 33 32 – – –Pakistan 1020 3 1.7 10 23 1 2 13 1539 1 16 8Palau 8940 – -0.1 x 3 x – – – – 43 24 – –Panama 6740 0.3 3 2 10 18 16 – 29 0 3 9Papua New Guinea 1180 -0.7 -0.4 8 36 7 22 4 304 5 37 9xParaguay 2280 3.1 -0.1 11 7 7 x 22 x 11 x 134 1 12 5Peru 4160 -0.6 2.9 11 8 13 7 – 466 0 6 12Philippines 1790 0.6 1.9 7 23 2 19 5 61 0 23 15Poland 12260 – 4.4 11
…TABLE 7Uzbekistan 1100 – 1.9 90 46 – – – 187 1 – –Vanuatu 2620 1.1 x 6.7 -3 – – – – 92 17 2 1xVenezuela(Bolivarian Republic of) 10200 -1.6 0.2 33 4 8 21 5 59 0 22 5Viet Nam 1010 – 6 10 22 4 14 – 2552 3 – 2Yemen 1060 – 1.5 17 18 4 22 19 305 1 4 2Zambia 970 -2.3 0.3 30 64 13 14 4 1086 9 13 3Zimbabwe a -0.4 -1.9 x 62 x – 8 x 24 x 7 x 611 – 19 –SUMMARY INDICATORSGNI percapita(US$)2009GDP per capitaaverage annualgrowth rate (%)1970–1990 1990–2009Averageannualrate ofinflation(%)1990–2009% ofpopulationbelowinternationalpoverty lineof US$1.25per day1994–2008*% of central governmentexpenditure (1998–2008*)allocated to:health education defenceODA inflowin millionsUS$2008Africa # 1500 0.9 2.0 24 44 – – – 39109 3 24 4Sub-Saharan Africa # 1147 0 1.8 33 53 – – – 35689 4 17 3Eastern and Southern Africa 1496 – 1.8 40 51 – – – 19247 4 14 3West and Central Africa 841 -0.5 1.6 23 55 – – – 13937 4 19 2Middle East and North Africa 3029 -0.2 2.4 14 4 5 13 13 20778 3 21 –Asia # 2550 4.2 6.6 6 28 1 5 9 20559 0 17 4South Asia 1092 2.1 4.4 6 40 2 5 12 12161 1 21 8East Asia and Pacific 3748 5.4 7.2 5 18 1 5 8 8398 0 16 4Latin America and Caribbean 7195 1.4 1.6 32 7 7 14 4 7240 0 20 14CEE/CIS 6854 – 2.2 59 6 5 5 7 8303 0 – 17Industrialized countries § 40463 2.3 1.7 2 – 18 4 12 – – – –Developing countries § 2988 2.1 4.6 17 28 3 8 8 86398 1 19 8Least developed countries § 638 -0.2 3.0 53 54 5 13 15 38427 9 12 3World 8686 2.3 2.5 8 26 13 5 11 90064 0 18 9# For a complete list of countries and territories in the regions and subregions, see page 124.§ Includes territories within each country category or regional group. Countries and territories in each country category or regional group are listed on page 124.ODA inflowas a % ofrecipientGNI2008Debt serviceas a % ofexports ofgoods and services1990 2008DEFINITIONS OF THE INDICATORSGNI per capita – Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producersplus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts ofprimary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI per capitais gross national income divided by midyear population. GNI per capita in US dollars is convertedusing the World Bank Atlas method.GDP per capita – Gross domestic product (GDP) is the sum of value added by all resident producersplus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output. GDP per capita isgross domestic product divided by midyear population. Growth is calculated from constant priceGDP data in local currency.% of population below international poverty line of US$1.25 per day – Percentage ofpopulation living on less than US$1.25 per day at 2005 prices, adjusted for purchasing powerparity. The new poverty threshold reflects revisions to purchasing power parity exchange ratesbased on the results of the 2005 International Comparison Program. The revisions reveal that thecost of living is higher across the developing world than previously estimated. As a result of theserevisions, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported inprevious editions. More detailed information on the definition, methodology and sources of thedata presented is available at .ODA – Net official development assistance.Debt service – Sum of interest payments and repayments of principal on external public andpublicly guaranteed long-term debts.MAIN DATA SOURCESGNI per capita – World Bank.GDP per capita – World Bank.Rate of inflation – World Bank.% of population below international poverty line of US$1.25 per day – World Bank.Expenditure on health, education and defence – International Monetary Fund (IMF).ODA – Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).Debt service – World Bank.NOTES a: low income ($995 or less). – Data not available.b: lower-middle income ($996 to $3,945). x Data refer to years or periods other than those specified in the column heading, differ from the standard definitionc: upper-middle income ($3,946 to $12,195). or refer to only part of a country. Such data are not included in the calculation of regional and global averages.d: high income ($12,196 or more). y Data refer to years or periods other than those specified in the column heading, differ from the standard definition orrefer to only part of a country. Such data are included in the calculation of regional and global averages.* Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified in the column heading.STATISTICAL TABLES 115
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© United Nations Children’s Fund
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AcknowledgementsThis report was pro
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THE STATE OF THE WORLD’S CHILDREN
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GLobal challenges for adolescents 1
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large cohort of unemployed youth, w
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FOCUS ONEarly and late adolescenceR
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ment and active participation. Disa
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age at which individuals are legall
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the rights of adolescents or to pro
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The Convention was sufficiently ins
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Adolescents are often consideredthe
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HALLENGES ANDRealizing the rights o
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FOCUS ONDemographic trends for adol
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country are particularly serious, g
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Gathering accurate data on adolesce
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sexes, there is still a considerabl
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PERSPECTIVEFacing the challenge:Rep
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FOCUS ONInequality in childhood and
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ADOLESCENT VOICESAct responsibly:Nu
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past decade, though not all of them
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Yet other initiatives against child
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PERSPECTIVEChernobyl 25 years later
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Adolescents are deeply concernedabo
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OPPORTUNITIESrisk of climate change
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Poverty, unemploymentand globalizat
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PERSPECTIVEThe effects of climate c
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high-level competencies that are in
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a window for possible economic deve
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ADOLESCENT VOICESReclaim Tijuana:Pu
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are exacerbating those risks, inclu
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sentencing wherever possible, inclu
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e stranded in poverty by conflict o
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HALLENGES ANDOver the course of the
Page 72 and 73: gated by age, disability, sex, ethn
Page 74 and 75: FOCUS ONPreparing adolescents for a
Page 76 and 77: the Ministry of Education, in colla
Page 78 and 79: exactly ‘youth participation’ l
Page 80 and 81: spaces as part of Aprendiz, the ‘
Page 82 and 83: PERSPECTIVEAdolescent girls:The bes
Page 84 and 85: ADOLESCENT VOICESFrom victims to ac
Page 86 and 87: ReferencesCHAPTER 11United Nations,
Page 88 and 89: 19United Nations Children’s Fund,
Page 90 and 91: STATISTICAL TABLESEconomic and soci
Page 92 and 93: Under-five deaths (millions)Region
Page 94 and 95: STATISTICAL TABLESapproach is not t
Page 96 and 97: TABLE 1. BASIC INDICATORSCountries
Page 98 and 99: TABLE 1. BASIC INDICATORSUnder-5mor
Page 100 and 101: TABLE 2. NUTRITIONCountries and ter
Page 102 and 103: TABLE 2. NUTRITIONCountries and ter
Page 104 and 105: TABLE 3. HEALTHCountries and territ
Page 106 and 107: TABLE 3. HEALTH% of populationusing
Page 108 and 109: TABLE 4. HIV/AIDSCountries and terr
Page 110 and 111: TABLE 4. HIV/AIDSEstimatedadult HIV
Page 112 and 113: TABLE 5. EDUCATIONCountries and ter
Page 114 and 115: TABLE 5. EDUCATIONPrimary schoolNum
Page 116 and 117: TABLE 6. DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORSCoun
Page 118 and 119: TABLE 6. DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORSPopu
Page 120 and 121: TABLE 7. ECONOMIC INDICATORSCountri
Page 124 and 125: TABLE 8. WOMENCountries andterritor
Page 126 and 127: TABLE 8. WOMENCountries andterritor
Page 128 and 129: TABLE 9. CHILD PROTECTIONChild labo
Page 130 and 131: TABLE 9. CHILD PROTECTIONChild labo
Page 132 and 133: Summary indicatorsAverages presente
Page 134 and 135: TABLE 10. THE RATE OF PROGRESSCount
Page 136 and 137: TABLE 10. THE RATE OF PROGRESSUnder
Page 138 and 139: TABLE 11. ADOLESCENTSCountries and
Page 140 and 141: TABLE 11. ADOLESCENTSAdolescents po
Page 142 and 143: TABLE 12. EQUITYCountries andterrit
Page 144 and 145: TABLE 12. EQUITYBirth registration
Page 146 and 147: AcronymsAIDSCEDAWDHSFGM/CGDPHIVIUCW
Page 148: United Nations Children’s Fund3 U
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Adolescence

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