The Planning System and Flood Risk Management - Offaly County ...

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82.5 Increase in flooding due to development may be caused:• Upstream by restricting the capacity and conveyance function of thewatercourse and floodplain system, or• Downstream by decreasing the volume available for flood storage onthe floodplain, altering flow routes on the floodplain or by changes tothe channel which can increase the flow discharged to downstreamlocations; and by increasing run-off from reduced permeability surfaces,such as roads, roofs and car parks.Planning GuidelinesImpacts of flooding2.6 Impacts on people – Flooding can cause physical injury, illness and loss oflife. Deep, fast flowing or rapidly rising flood waters can be particularlydangerous. For example, even shallow water flowing at 2 metres per second(m/sec) can knock children and many adults off their feet, and vehicles canbe moved by water of only 300mm depth. The risks increase if the floodwateris carrying debris. Some of these impacts may be immediate, the most significantbeing drowning or physical injury due to being swept away by floods. Floodwater may also hide other hazards for wading pedestrians, such as manholeopenings where the covers have been lifted by flood flows.Photo 2: Clonmel, illustrating the historical relationship between the town, theRiver Suir and its floodplain2.7 The 2006 Framework for Major Emergency Management enables the principalresponse agencies such as An Garda Siochána, the Health Service Executiveand local authorities to prepare for and make a co-ordinated response to avariety of major emergencies including flooding. A guidance and protocoldocument has been developed in conjunction with the OPW for respondingto flood events (see http://www.mem.ie).
2.8 The impact on people and communities as a result of the stress and traumaof being flooded, or even of being under the threat of flooding, can be immense.Long-term impacts can arise due to chronic illnesses and the stress associatedwith being flooded and the lengthy recovery process. Floodwater contaminatedby sewage or other pollutants (e.g. chemicals stored in garages or commercialproperties) is particularly likely to cause such illnesses, either directly as aresult of contact with the polluted floodwater or indirectly as a result ofsediments left behind. Those most likely to be at risk are those outdoors onfoot or in a vehicle, in a tent or caravan, or in a building, such as a singlestoreybungalow or below ground in a basement.2.9 The ability of people to respond and recover from a flood can vary. Vulnerablepeople, such as those who are old, disabled or have a long-term illness, areless able to cope with floods than others and are more prone to death or seriousinjury. Others may have difficulty in replacing household items damaged ina flood and may lack the financial means to recover and maintain acceptableliving conditions after a flood. Understanding the social consequences offlooding is fundamental to the appraisal of risk and appropriate mitigationmeasures. As such, there is increasing interest in a more community-centredapproach to flood risk management that recognises the particular circumstancesof community and social groups. This type of approach will be crucial to thedevelopment of more socially and environmentally responsive and sustainableflood management.2.10 Impacts on property and the environment - Flooding can cause severe damageto properties. Floodwater is likely to damage internal finishes, contents andelectrical and other services and possibly cause structural damage. The physicaleffects can have significant long-term impacts, with re-occupation sometimesnot being possible for over a year. The costs of flooding are increasing, partlydue to increasing amounts of electrical and other equipment withindevelopments. Sea-water flooding may cause additional damage due tocorrosion.2.11 The damage flooding can cause to businesses and infrastructure, such astransport or utilities like electricity and water supply, can have significantdetrimental impacts on local and regional economies. The long-term closureof businesses, for example, can lead to job losses and other economic impacts.2.12 Impacts on the environment - Significant detrimental environmental effectsof flooding can include soil erosion, bank erosion, land sliding and damageto vegetation as well as the impacts on water quality, habitats and flora andfauna caused by bacteria and other pollutants carried by flood water. Floodingcan however play a beneficial role in natural habitats. Many wetland habitatsare dependant on annual flooding for their sustainability and can contributeto the storage of flood waters to reduce flood risk elsewhere.9Planning Guidelines
Page 7: At the site-specific level, develop
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Page 12 and 13: 2regard to the guidelines in the pe
Page 14 and 15: 4Planning GuidelinesReport of the F
Page 16 and 17: 6Chapter 2:Flooding - Key ConceptsP
Page 20 and 21: 10Flood risk2.13 Understanding floo
Page 22 and 23: 122.21 In undertaking a flood risk
Page 24 and 25: 142.30 Increases in rainfall intens
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Page 28 and 29: 18that also meet the objectives of
Page 30 and 31: 20more than 1 in 200). Development
Page 32 and 33: 22Government under Section 28 of th
Page 34 and 35: 24Planning GuidelinesDevelopment in
Page 36 and 37: 26Chapter 4:Flooding and Spatial Pl
Page 38 and 39: 28floodplain. Effective co-ordinati
Page 40 and 41: 30Planning GuidelinesFig. 4: Develo
Page 42 and 43: 32• Include zoning objectives to
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Page 50 and 51: 40• these guidelines, and in part
Page 52 and 53: 425.22 Where development proposals
Page 54 and 55: 44Chapter 6:ConclusionPlanning Guid
Page 56 and 57: 46TermsDefinitionPlanning Guideline
Page 64 and 65: 54Appendix A - Screening for andCar
Page 66 and 67: 56Climate changeincreased intensity
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58Strategic assessments provide the
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60As part of a FRA, information on
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62A successful FRA is characterized
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64• Suggested policies for sustai
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66Planning Guidelines• The impact
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68An additional document on interpr
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70Table A2: The Flood Risk Balance
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72Appendix B - Addressing FloodRisk
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74Figure B2 below illustrates how t
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76drainage processes and removing p
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78• Signing of floodplain areas s
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80flood level. Care must be taken t
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82Appendix C - Frequently AskedQues
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84What does the SFRA not provide?Th
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86pressure in the embankment and ge
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Printed on recycled paper containin
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