Ordinance and Syllabus - Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila ...

Paper Code: BPL-205Pharmacognosy-II (Pharmacognosy-II)L -- T -- P Total Credits: 044 -- -- Total Marks: 100External Marks: 50Internal Marks: 50Paper Objectives: The study of Pharmacognosy is to give knowledge about crude drugs,their cultivation, evaluation and use etc. Different methods used for extraction andpurification of crude drugs from different plant and animal source. The study includesmedicinal plants of Pakistan, their habitat, collection and biological source of the drug.Allergens and allergenic preparations, enzymes, plant growth hormones as well as pesticidesand poisonous plants with special reference to Pakistan shall are also included. Separationand isolation of plant constituents by special techniques like chromatography, ion exchange,electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is introduced. Detailedstudy of carbohydrates and related products, alkaloids, volatile oils, fixed oils, tannins,glycosides, etc., is included. The students know the Unani system of medicine, phytopharmacology,Traditional Medicine and Alternative System of Medicine.UNIT IUNIT IIPhytochemical screening: (a) Preparation of extracts. (b) Screening tests foralkaloids, glycosides, resins, tannins, saponins and flavonoids in plant extracts.Study of the biological sources, cultivation, collection, commercial verities,chemical constituents, substituents, adulterants, diagnostic microscopic andmacroscopic features and specific chemical tests of following group of Glycosidescontaining drugs:Saponins: Liquorice, Ginseng, Dioscorea and Senega.Cardio-active sterols: Digitalis, Squill, strophanthus and Thevetia.Anthraquinones : Aloe, Senna, Rhubarb and Cascara.Study of Tannins and tannin containing drugs: Study of Tannins and tannincontaining drugs like gambir, black catechu, gall and myrobalan.Studies of traditional drugs, common vernacular names, botanical sources,morphology, chemical nature of chief constituents, pharmacology, categories andcommon uses and marketed formulations of following indigenous drugs:Amla, Shatavari, Aamarg, Gokhru, Shankhpushpi, Gaduchi, Brahmi, Arjuna, Methi,Lehsun, Guggal, Gymnema and Neem.Holistic concepts of Drugs administration in traditional systems of medicine.Introduction to Ayurvedic preparations like Arishtas, Asavas, Gutikas, Tailas,Churnas, Lehas and Bhasmas.UNIT IIISystematic study of source, cultivation, collection, processing, commercial varieties,chemical constituents, substitutes, adulterants, uses, diagnostic macroscopic and microscopicfeatures and specific chemical tests of following alkaloid containing drugs:50