Paper Code: BPL 203 Pharmaceutical Chemistry-IV (Pharmaceutical Analysis-I)L -- T -- P Total Credits: 044 -- -- Total Marks: 100External Marks: 50Internal Marks: 50Paper Objectives: Analysis of Pharmaceuticals play a very important role in industry as itrelies upon both qualitative <strong>and</strong> quantitative chemical analysis to ensure that the raw materialused meets Pharmacopoeial specifications <strong>and</strong> also ensures a quality of finished product inTerms of proportion of components.UNIT IIntroduction: Significance of quantitative analysis in quality control, differenttechniques of analysis, significant figures, rules for retaining significant digits, typesof errors, mean deviation <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ard deviation, precision <strong>and</strong> accuracy,fundamentals of volumetric analysis: law of mass action, activity <strong>and</strong> activitycoefficient, pH, buffers, method of expressing concentration, primary <strong>and</strong> secondaryst<strong>and</strong>ards.Neutralization Titrations: Acid base concepts, strength of acids <strong>and</strong> bases,hydrolysis of salts, ionic product of water, neutralization curves, neutralizationindicators, theory of indicators, choice of indicators, mixed indicators. Analysis ofboric acid, mixture of sodium carbonate <strong>and</strong> bicarbonate.UNIT IINon-aqueous Titrations: Theory of non-aqueous titrations, titration of alkali metalsalts of organic acids, titration of amines <strong>and</strong> amine salts of organic acids, titration ofhalogen acid salts of bases <strong>and</strong> titration of acidic substances.Oxidation Reduction Titrations: Concepts of oxidation <strong>and</strong> reduction, redoxreactions, strength <strong>and</strong> equivalent weights of oxidizing <strong>and</strong> reducing agents. Theoryof redox titrations, General principles of potassium permanganate titrations,potassium dichromate titrations potassium iodate titrations, potassium bromatetitrations, cerric sulphate titrations <strong>and</strong> iodometric titrations. Analysis of ferroussulphate, hydrogen peroxide, potassium bromide, ascorbic acid, sodium thiosulphate,copper sulphate, phenol, sodium sulphite.UNIT IIIPrecipitations Titrations: Precipitation reactions, common ion effect, solubilityproduct, effects of acids, temperature <strong>and</strong> solvent upon the solubility of a precipitate.Determination of end points in precipitation titrations by Mohr’s method, Volhardsmethod <strong>and</strong> Fajans method.Gravimetry: Introduction, precipitation methods, the colloidal state, supersaturation,co-precipitation, post-precipitation, conditions of precipitation, precipitation fromhomogeneous solution, precipitation reagents, washing <strong>and</strong> ignition of the precipitate.Determination of nickel as dimethylglyoximate <strong>and</strong> aluminium as 8-hydroxyquinolate.48
UNIT IVComplexometric Titrations: Complex ions, complexation, stability of complexes,factors influencing the stability of complexes, Warner’s co-ordination number,complexones, titration curves, types of EDTA titrations, titrations of mixturesincluding use of masking <strong>and</strong> demasking agents, metal ion indicators. Analysis ofmagnesium <strong>and</strong> calcium.Miscellaneous methods of analysis: Diazotization titration, Kjeldahl nitrogendetermination, Karl Fischer titration, determination of alcohol in liquid galenicals,oxygen flask combustion.Note: Instruction for Examiner:The Semester examination in each theory subject shall be of 50 marks. The examiner will setnine questions. Student will attempt five questions. First question would be of short answertype question covering all four Units (2.5 Marks per Unit) & it would be compulsory. Twoquestions will be set from each unit & out of which c<strong>and</strong>idate will attempt one question. EachQuestion shall be of 10 marks.Suggested Readings (Latest Editions):1. A. I. Vogel, “Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis”, London: ELBS/Longman.2. I. M. Kolthoff <strong>and</strong> V. A. Stenger, “Volumetric Analysis, Vol. II Titration Methods”,New York: Interscience Publishers, Inc.3. K. A. Connors, “A Textbook of Pharmaceutical Analysis”, New York: WileyInterscience.4. Skoog, Hollar <strong>and</strong> Nieman, “Principles of Instrumental Analysis”, Philadelphia:Harcourt College Publishers.5. T. Higchi, “Pharmaceutical Analysis”, New Delhi: CBS Publishers.6. A. H. Beckett <strong>and</strong> J. B. Stenlake, “Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vol. I <strong>and</strong>II”,London: The Athlon Press of the University of London.49
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Paper Code: BPP-314Pharmaceutics-VI
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Paper Code: BPP-318Pharmacology-III
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Nifedipine, Procainamide, Verapamil
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Packaging of Pharmaceutical Product
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Note: Instruction for Examiner:The
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UNIT IVAnti-epileptics drugs.Anti-P
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Suggested Readings (Latest Editions
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Paper Code: BPP-417Pharmaceutics -X
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Paper Code: BPP-421Pharmacology-IV
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Paper Code: BPL-402Pharmaceutical C
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Paper Code: BPL-404Pharmaceutical C
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Paper Code: BPL-406Pharmaceutics -X
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Paper Code: BPL-410Pharmacology-VI
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