Paper Code: BPL-106Pharmacognosy-I (Pharmacognosy-I)L -- T -- P Total Credits: 044 -- -- Total Marks: 100External Marks: 50Internal Marks: 50Paper Objectives: The study of Pharmacognosy is to give knowledge about crude drugs,their cultivation, evaluation <strong>and</strong> use etc. Different methods used for extraction <strong>and</strong>purification of crude drugs from different plant <strong>and</strong> animal source. The study includesmedicinal plants of Pakistan, their habitat, collection <strong>and</strong> biological source of the drug.Allergens <strong>and</strong> allergenic preparations, enzymes, plant growth hormones as well as pesticides<strong>and</strong> poisonous plants with special reference to Pakistan shall are also included.UNIT IIntroduction:Definition, history, development <strong>and</strong> scope of Pharmacognosy.Classification of drugs: Alphabetical, morphological, taxonomical, pharmacological,chemical <strong>and</strong> chemo taxonomical with their merits <strong>and</strong> demerits.Quality control of crude drugs: Adulteration of crude drugs <strong>and</strong> their detection byorganoleptic, microscopic, physical, chemical, <strong>and</strong> biological methods of evaluations.UNIT IIPlant taxonomy: Study of the following families with special reference to medicinallyimportant plants- Apocynaceae, Solanaceae, Rutaceae, Umbelliferae, Leguminosae,Rubiaceae, Liliaceae, Labiate, Cruciferae.Study of pharmaceutical aids like talc, diatomite, kaolin, bentonite, gelatin, <strong>and</strong> naturalcolorants.UNIT III An introduction to active constituents of drugs: Isolation, classification <strong>and</strong> propertiesof active constituents of drugs. Systematic Pharmacognostical study of the following:o Carbohydrates <strong>and</strong> derived products: Agar, Guar gum, Gum acacia, Honey, Isabgol,Pectin, Starch <strong>and</strong> Tragacanth.o Lipids: Bees wax, Castor oil, Cod liver oil, Linseed oil, Shark liver oil <strong>and</strong> Wool fat.UNIT IVStudy of drugs containing resins <strong>and</strong> resin combinations: ColophoNew York,Podophyllum, Jalap, Cannabis, Capsicum, Myrrh, Asafoetida, Balsam of tolu, Balsam ofperu, Benzoin, Turmeric, Ginger.Volatile oil: General methods of obtaining volatile oils from plants, study of volatile oilsof Mentha, Cori<strong>and</strong>er, Cinnamon, Lemon peel, Orange peel, Lemon grass, Caraway,Cumin, Dill, Spermint, Clove, Fennel, Nutmeg, Eucalyptus, Cardamom, Valerian,Palmarosa, Gaultheria, S<strong>and</strong>al wood.38
Note: Instruction for Examiner:The Semester examination in each theory subject shall be of 50 marks. The examiner will setnine questions. Student will attempt five questions. First question would be of short answertype question covering all four Units (2.5 Marks per Unit) & it would be compulsory. Twoquestions will be set from each unit & out of which c<strong>and</strong>idate will attempt one question. EachQuestion shall be of 10 marks.Suggested Readings (Latest Editions) :1. C. K. Kokate,A.P. Purohit <strong>and</strong> S.B. Kokhale, “Text Book of Pharmacognosy”,Pune: Nirali Publication.2. G.E.Treese <strong>and</strong> Evans, W. C., “Text Book of Pharmacognosy”, U. K.: BailliereTindall, Eastbourne.3. S.S.H<strong>and</strong>a <strong>and</strong> V.K.Kapoor, “Text Book of Pharmacognosy”, New Delhi: C.B.S.Publisher.4. Mohammad Ali, “Text Book of Pharmacognosy”, New Delhi: CBS Publishers &Distribution.5. Shah <strong>and</strong> Quadry, “Pharmacognosy” ,Ahmedabad: B. S. Shah Prakashan.6. A. Fahn, “Plant Anatomy”, Oxford: Pergamon Press.7. E.C.G.Clarke, “Isolation <strong>and</strong> Identification of Drugs”, London: the PharmaceuticalPress.8. Jean Brunton, “Text Book of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry <strong>and</strong> MedicinalPlants”, Engl<strong>and</strong>, U.K.: Intercept Limited.39
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Paper Code: BPP-309Pharmaceutical C
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Paper Code: BPP-313Pharmaceutics-VI
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Propanthaline bromide, Benzhexol, O
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Note: Instruction for Examiner:The
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Suggested Readings (Latest Editions
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Note: Instruction for Examiner:The
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Suggested Readings (Latest Editions
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Paper Code: BPP-314Pharmaceutics-VI
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Paper Code: BPP-318Pharmacology-III
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Nifedipine, Procainamide, Verapamil
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Packaging of Pharmaceutical Product
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Note: Instruction for Examiner:The
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UNIT IVAnti-epileptics drugs.Anti-P
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Types of closures used for the ster
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Suggested Readings (Latest Editions
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Suggested Readings (Latest Editions
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Paper Code: BPP-417Pharmaceutics -X
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Paper Code: BPP-421Pharmacology-IV
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Paper Code: BPL-402Pharmaceutical C
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Paper Code: BPL-404Pharmaceutical C
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Paper Code: BPL-406Pharmaceutics -X
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Paper Code: BPL-408Pharmacology-V (
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Paper Code: BPL-410Pharmacology-VI
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Paper Code: BPP-412Pharmaceutical C
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Paper Code: BPP-416Pharmaceutics -X