Study Guide RADIOLOGY - UMF

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Study Guide – Radiology – Faculty of Medicine - IV th Year 4http://www.med.ufl.edu/medinfo/rademo/raintro.htmlhttp://www.martindalecenter.com./http://www.vh.org/Providers/Textbooks/ElectricGiNucs/GINucs.htmlhttp://www.jpnm.org/ http://www.jpnm.org/http://www.uhrad.com/http://www.netmedicine.com/xray/xr.htmhttp://www.med.univ-rennes1.fr/cerf/edicerf/index.htmlhttp://www.vh.org/Providers/TeachingFiles/MultimediaTeachingFiles.htmlhttp://www.uams.edu/CHRP/nuc_med.htmhttp://www.netmedicine.com/xray/xr.htmhttp://brighamrad.harvard.edu/education/online/Cardiac/Cardiacframe.htmlhttp://brighamrad.harvard.edu/education/online/Cardiac/Cardiacframe.htmlhttp://gamma.wustl.edu/home.htmlhttp://alpha.science.unitn.it/ ~ fisica1/raggi_x/siti/xraywwwserver/xray% 20wwwserver.htmhttp://home.earthlink.net/ ~ terrass / Radiography / medradhome.htmlhttp://www2.astate.edu/conhp/radsci/http://www.dip.ee.uct.ac.za/imageproc/medical/? http://www.medbioworld.com/MedBioWorld/ResourceLinks.aspx?http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Highrise/1713/mfile.htmlhttp://www.radiologist.com/http://www.radiologyweb.com/http://www.neuroimaging.theclinics.com/
Study Guide – Radiology – Faculty of Medicine - IV th Year 5TOPIC 1. PHYSICS OF X – RAYSContentsI. Definitions. Mechanisms for producing X-raysII. X-ray featuresIII. Effects of X-rayIV. Principles of radiological imaging genesis. Radiological image quality.V. Sample questionsEducational objectives• The student must know:o Structure of matter• Structure of atoms - Rutherford model• Atomic number: Z-electric charges• Mass Number: A-particles in the nucleus• Isotopes - same Z, A different• Bohr's model and assumptions:• Electrons move in circular orbits, stationary, without gain or loss ofenergy• The transition from one orbit to another is done by the emission orabsorption of energy in the form of quanta: E = hν (h = Planck's ct, ν= frequency of radiation emitted or absorbed)• Quantum numbers:• n-principal quantum number (layer number)• e-secondary quantum number• magnetic quantum number m• s - spin number• Pauli principle: in an atom no two electrons may have identical 4 quantumnumberso Wave-particle duality: DeBroglie principle (the greater the mass of a particle, thesmaller the wavelength of the associated wave):• E=hν E = hν• ν=c/λ ν = c / λ• E=mc 2 E = mc 2• λ=h/mc λ = h / mco The notion of radioactivity• Radionuclid - unstable nuclei that emit energy and / or particles tobecome stable• α decay (eg. helium - α particle emission massive ionization overshort distances)• β decay (positron emission)• Electromagnetic radiation-examples: light, infrared radiation, radiowaves, ultraviolet, X-rays and γo Definition of X-ray: electromagnetic radiation with energy between 150-200KeV andλ between 0.05 and 10 Å• Soft: λ = 1-5 Å, low energy (low penetration)• Hard: λ = 0.01 Å, high energy (high penetration)o The mechanisms of producing X-rays• Braking radiation: high speed incident electron is deflected whenpassing near the target nucleus X-ray energy of any value
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Study Guide RADIOLOGY - UMF

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