Study Guide RADIOLOGY - UMF

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Study Guide – Radiology – Faculty of Medicine - IV th Year 10• Radiographic film covered with a fine film of silverbromide (photographic emulsion)• Phosphorescent principle: is based on the effect of photochemicaldissociation of the molecule of silver bromide (effect used inrevealing the film: Ag blackens the film)• Transparency = black (incident rays are not absorbed andreach the film box, causing dissociation of the molecule ofsilver bromide)• Opacity = white (incident rays are absorbed, do not get to thefilm)• X ray is invisible !!!o Digital receiver• Basic mechanism: scintillation detectors light analog-digitalconverter electrical impulsesdigital processing digital /analogue reconversion Image Display• Types of detectors:• Photosensitive phosphorus plates• Scintillation crystalso Dedicated X ray devices:• Mammography• Angiography• Device for dental radiography• OrthopantomographySample questions for the written exam of Radiology1. Which of the following statements is true:a. The cathode is connected to a high voltage circuitb. Radiography is based on photochemical effects of Rxc. The basis for the radiographic image is fluoroscopyd. Secondary radiation cannot be tackled with antidiffusion gridse. The anode usually contains atoms with low atomic numberAnswer: b
Study Guide – Radiology – Faculty of Medicine - IV th Year 11TOPIC 3. RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RADIATIONPROTECTIONTable of ContentsI. Radiation sources.II. Measurement systems. Notions of dosimetryIII. Types of RadiationIV. Major effects of ionizing radiation. Acute radiation disease.V. Prophylactic and curative RadioprotectionVI. Sample questionsEducational objectives:• The student must know:o Sources of radiation• : Natural:• Cosmic radiation• Terrestrial radiation (including buildings)• Organic radiation• Radon• Artificial• Medicalo Systems of measurement:• Roentgenologic and Radiobiology - SR• International - SIo Notions of dosimetry• Dose of radiation• Determining the number of ions produced in a mass of air by X or γradiation• SR: 1 Roentgen (R) = amount of X-ray that produces 2.1 x 10 10 ionpairs with the electric charge of 1 Franklin• SI: 1 coulomb / kg = 3876 R• Absorbed Dose• The ratio of absorbed energy and the mass of the radiated body• SR: Rad (Roentgen absorbed dose), 1 rad = 100 erg / g• SI: Gray (Gy) 1 Gy = 1 J / kg, 1 Gy = 100 rad, 1 rad = 10 mGy• Biological dose• Evaluate the biological effects• SR: 1 rem = biological effects induced by absorption of 1 rad• SI: Sievert, 1Sv = biological effects caused by absorption of 1 Gy• 1 Sv = 100 rem; 1 rem = 10 mSv• Please note:• The exposure of medical personnel kept under 0.05 Sv / yearfor whole body• The population exposure is maintained below 1mSv/year• Radioactivity• Assessing the speed of disintegration• SR: Curie-1Ci = 3.7x10 10 disintegration / second• SI: 1Bq Becquerel = 1 disintegration / second• 1 Ci = 37 GBq
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Study Guide RADIOLOGY - UMF

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