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DACC Nursing Program Student Handbook 2012-2013human experienceDemonstratecomprehensiveunderstanding of theconcepts of pain andsuffering, includingphysiologic models ofpain and comfort.Initiate effective treatments torelieve pain and suffering in lightof patient values, preferences andexpressed needsRecognize personally held valuesand beliefs about the managementof pain or sufferingRecognize that patient expectationsinfluence outcomes in managementof pain or sufferingAppreciate the role of the nurse inrelief of all types and sources ofpain or sufferingAssess presence andextent of pain andsufferingAssess levels of physicaland emotional comfortElicit expectations ofpatient & family for reliefof pain, discomfort, orsufferingExamine common barriersto active involvement ofpatients in their ownhealth care processesDescribe strategies toempower patients orfamilies in all aspects ofthe health care processAssess level of patient'sdecisional conflict andprovide access toresourcesRemove barriers to presence offamilies and other designatedsurrogates based on patientpreferencesEngage patients or designatedsurrogates in active partnershipsthat promote health, safety andwell-being, and self-caremanagementRespect patient preferences fordegree of active engagement in careprocessRespect patient's right to access topersonal health recordsExamine how the safety, qualityand cost effectiveness of healthcare can be improved through theactive involvement of patients andfamiliesValue active partnership withpatients or designated surrogates inplanning, implementation, andevaluation of care42 | P a g e