Youth Employment Programs - Independent Evaluation Group

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Gritz, Mark, and Terry Johnson. 2001. “National Job Corps Study Assessing ProgramEffects on Earnings for Students Achieving Key Program Milestones.” Impactevaluation submitted to U.S. Department of Labor. Battelle Memorial Institute,Seattle, Washington.Heckman, James and Carmen Pagés-Serra. (2000). “The Cost of Job SecurityRegulation: Evidence from Latin American Labor Markets.” Economia 1(1) 109-144.Hicks, Joan Hamory, Michael Kremer, Isaac Mbiti, and Edward Miguel. 2011.“Vocational Education Voucher Delivery and Labor Market Returns: ARandomized Evaluation among Kenyan Youth, Report for Spanish ImpactEvaluation Fund (SIEF) Phase II.” Policy Note Human Development Network.World Bank.Ibarraran, Pablo, and David Rosas. 2007. “Impact Evaluation of a Labor TrainingProgram in Panama.” OVE Inter-American Development Bank, Washington DC.Independent Evaluation Group. 2012. “World Bank and IFC Support for YouthEmployment Programs.” Background Paper. Country Case Study: Ghana.Forthcoming.Jalan, Jyotsna and Martin Ravallion. 2003. Estimating the Benefit Incidence of anAntipoverty Program by Propensity-Score Matching. Journal of Business andEconomic Statistics, American Statistical Association 21(1) 19–30.Kluve, Jochen. 2010. “The effectiveness of European active labor market programs.”Labour Economics 17: 904–918.Kugler, Adriana D. 2005. “The Effect of Job Security Regulations on Labor MarketFlexibility. Evidence from Colombia Labor Market Reform.” In Law andEmployment: Lessons from Latin American and the Caribbean, eds. James J.Heckman and Carmen Pagés. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Larsson, Laura. 2003. “Evaluation of Swedish Youth Labor Market Programs.” TheJournal of Human Resources 38(4): 891–927.Lee, David S. 2009. “Training, Wages, and Sample Selection: Estimating Sharp Boundson Treatment Effects.” Review of Economic Studies 76(3): 1071–1102.Malamud, Ofer, and Cristian Pop-Eleches. 2010. “General Education versus VocationalTraining: Evidence from an Economy in Transition.” Review of Economics andStatistics 92(1): 43–60.Medina, Carlos, and Jairo Núñez. 2001. “The Impact of Public and Private JobTraining in Colombia.” Inter-American Bank, Research Network Paper.Miller, Cynthia, Johannes M. Bos, Kristin E. Porter, Fannie M. Tseng, Fred C. Doolittle,Deana N. Tanguay, and Mary P. Vencill. 2003. “Working with DisadvantagedYouth Thirty-Month Findings from the Evaluation of the Center for Employment92 Youth Employment Programs
Training Replication Sites.” Manpower Demonstration Research CorporationWorking Paper.Neumark, David and William Wascher. (2004). “Minimum Wages, Labor MarketInstitutions, and Youth Employment: A Cross-National Analysis.” Industrial andLabor Relations Review 57( 2): 223–248.Patrinos, Harry Anthony, Cris Ridao-Cano, and Chris Sakellariou. 2006. “Estimatingthe Returns to Education: Accounting for Heterogeneity in Ability.” Unpublishedreport.Premand Patrick, Stefanie Brodmann, Rita Almeida, Rebekka Grun, and MahdiBarouni. 2012. “Entrepreneurship training and self-employment amonguniversity graduates: Evidence from a randomized trial in Tunisia.” World BankImpact Evaluation Report. Washington, DC: World Bank.Rodriguez-Planas, Nuria. 2010. “Longer-Term Impacts of Mentoring, EducationalServices, and Incentives to Learn: Evidence from a Randomized Trial.” IZADiscussion Paper No. 4754, United States.Schochet, Peter, John Burghardt, Steven Glazerman. 2000. “National Job Corps Study:The Short-Term Impacts of Job Corps on Participants’ Employment and RelatedOutcomes. Final Report.” Princeton: Mathematica Policy Research.Schochet, Peter, John Burghardt, and Sheena McConnell. 2008. “Does Job Corps Work?Impact Findings from the National Job Corps Study.” American Economic Review98(5): 1864–1886.Tesliuc, Cornelia. 2011. “Impact Evaluation Report on Dominican Republic ProgramaJuventud y Empleo (PJE).” Summary Note Human Development Network. WorldBank.United States Department of Labor. 2005. “Performance and Accountability Report.”Department of Labor Annual Report. Fiscal Year 2005.Van Reenen, John. 2003. “Active Labour Market Policies and the British New Deal forthe Young Unemployed in Context.” NBER Working Paper Series. Working Paper9576.World Bank. 2011. “Sri Lanka: Education, Training and Labor Market Outcomes.”World Bank South Asia Region.Appendix B: Evaluation Data Sources and Methods 93
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Youth EmploymentProgramsAn Evaluati
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The Bank’s Impact Evaluations on
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LACLICLILMBAMENANEETNGOOECDPADPCRPD
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IEG management and colleagues provi
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Youth Employment ChallengesIn gener
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implemented 12 of the 90 operations
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Kenya, entrepreneurship training fo
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• Help countries design intervent
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support to youth employment program
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tive rules on hiring and firing as
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Management Action RecordIEG Finding
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IEG Findings and ConclusionsIEG Rec
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IEG Findings and ConclusionsIEG Rec
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Report to the Board from the Commit
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could have focused more on the lack
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• Chapter Highlights• High yout
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and can afford to wait for a better
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ConsequencesEarly unemployment is s
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ReferencesBegg, David, Stanley Fisc
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Chapter 2What Are the World Bank an
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The strength and openness of the ec
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Interventions to Address Youth Empl
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commitments by the International Ba
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Figure 2.2Top 12 Youth Employment I
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• the substitution effect of bett
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Chapter 3What Is the Evidence that
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school dropouts early. Learning opp
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evaluations on what works best to p
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Agriculture, Health, Education, Soc
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Holzmann, Robert. 2007. MILES: Iden
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• Chapter Highlights• The Bank
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Argentina, Bulgaria, Colombia, and
Page 78 and 79: facilitated 69 foreign work contrac
Page 80 and 81: awarded vouchers to about 1,000 out
Page 82 and 83: • Comparing the interventions ana
Page 84 and 85: Hjort, Jonas, Michael Kremer, Isaac
Page 87 and 88: Chapter 5Recommendations
Page 89: farm self-employment and employment
Page 92 and 93: This appendix presents the factors
Page 94 and 95: Organization for Standardization (I
Page 96 and 97: Box A.3Youth as a Demographic Divid
Page 98 and 99: Table A.1Types of Youth Employment
Page 100 and 101: Notes1. This phenomenon could be le
Page 103 and 104: Appendix BEvaluation Data Sources a
Page 105 and 106: Identification and Analysis of the
Page 107 and 108: • Making the labor market work be
Page 109 and 110: Table B.3ApprovalFYList of Projects
Page 111 and 112: Table B.3ApprovalFYList of Projects
Page 113 and 114: Table B.4(I)nvestmentClimate(L)abor
Page 115 and 116: Table B.6List of Economic Sector Wo
Page 117 and 118: ment, Private Sector Development, a
Page 119 and 120: Other evaluations with outcome meas
Page 121 and 122: Table B.8CountryFranceKenyaMexicoPa
Page 123 and 124: Table B.8CountryUnitedStatesYouth E
Page 125 and 126: Table B.8CountryEuropeancountriesLa
Page 127: Bidani, Benu, Niels-Hugo Blunch, Ch
Page 132 and 133: Appendix C provides additional info
Page 134 and 135: Box C.2Global Partnership for Youth
Page 136 and 137: ReferencesAedo, Cristian, and Ian W
Page 138 and 139: This appendix provides additional i
Page 140 and 141: The number of projects and total le
Page 142 and 143: Figure D.2World Bank Youth Employme
Page 144 and 145: Table D.5Intervention categoryYouth
Page 146 and 147: Table D.7Prevalence of Project Obje
Page 148 and 149: Table D.9Target Groups of Project O
Page 150 and 151: Table D.11Type of Interventions Sup
Page 152 and 153: Table D.13 Frequently Used Youth Em
Page 154 and 155: In sum, this portfolio review chapt
Page 156 and 157: approach in Turkey and Sierra Leone
Page 158 and 159: This appendix presents a detailed a
Page 160 and 161: to Finance business line, over a si
Page 162 and 163: entrepreneurship projects. Investme
Page 164 and 165: IFC has three types of investments
Page 166 and 167: Box E.1Africa Schools ProgramIFC su
Page 168 and 169: Box E.2e4e Initiative for Arab Yout
Page 170 and 171: 3. IFC’s Advisory Services corpor
Page 172 and 173: This appendix presents lessons for
Page 174 and 175: Labor Market RegulationsLabor marke
Page 176 and 177: to the definition of unemployment b
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In post-conflict zones with small f
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Public works programs in Bank proje
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marginal impact of school-to-work t
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of the program. However, results fo
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• Weak results frameworks on the
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sustainability. Zambia’s TEVET pr
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unemployed youth registered with th
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for Employment and Entrepreneurship
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Note1. The Technical and Vocational
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Ibarraran, Pablo, and David Rosas.
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World Bank. 2012a. “World Bank an
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IEG’s Youth Employment Evaluation
Page 202 and 203:
Figure G.1 Facebook Demographics Ba
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Figure G.3Results on Rural Employme
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BibliographyBarrera, Felipe, Paul G
Page 209 and 210:
———. 2011b. Migration and Rem
Page 211 and 212:
The World Bank GroupWorking for a W
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