SEA IN THE CONTEXT OF LANDTUSE PLANNING

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Relation toother requirementsonsustainabledevelopmentNo direct linkages apartfrom the aims of theEnvironmental Code andreference to SEA in thenational strategy on SD.No direct linkages apart fromreference in the aims of the actand the requirements ofenvironmental objectives.No direct references.Relation toexperience ofsustainabilityappraisalN/A N/A The introduction of SEArefers to extensive experienceof sustainabilityappraisal (SA)Relation toexperiencefrom SEAapplicationPrevious SEA application,some at the national level,but largely at the municipallevelPrevious SEA application atthe municipal level. Someexperience in sector planning.Guidance and encouragementby national authorities. Maindevelopment by municipalitiesas well as sector agencies.Some experience at themunicipal level of SEA.Mainly as a part of theframework of SA.OTHER CON-TEXTUALFACTORSNationalplanningsystemStatutory planning accordingto the PBL at the municipallevel. Sector planning at thenational level. Developmentof national planningcoordination at the nationallevel. Examples of nonbindingvoluntary planningat the regional level.Statutory planning according tothe PBA at the municipal level.Sector planning at the nationallevel. Development of aregional planning sector.Statutory planningaccording to the Planningand Compensation Act atthe local authority level(local developmentauthorities and countycouncils). Sector planningat the national level. Developmentof a regionalplanning sector.PlanningdiscourseCurrent planning systemsdates to a PBL-revision in1997 where the role of thecomprehensive plans at themunicipal level was establishedas well as non-statutoryregional planning anddetailed development plans.Included provision for environmentalassessment inplanning. On-going discussionof the need ofincreased planning at strategiclevels (currentlyconducted as part of sectorplanning).Substantial changes of thePBA in 1997 that strengthenedthe role of municipal comprehensiveplans and highlightedenvironmental aspects inplanning as well asparticipatory aspects wereenhanced. Included a demandof impact assessment inmunicipal comprehensiveplans.The planning systemunderwent substantialchanges with the Planningand Compensation Act in2004 with a new strategicfocus in local authorityplanning and a focus onthe regional level.Introduced LDF, LDS,LDD and a Statement ofCommunity Involvement.Strong tradition of townplanning as a separateprofession and an activity.Revision inthe planninglegislation,planningsystem etc.Coincides with revisions ofthe Planning Act and theintroduction of a newplanning level.Ongoing revision of thePlanning and Building Act.The planning system isundergoing significantchange at the local(municipal) level.TABLE 7.1. COMPARATIVE SUMMARY112
Chapter 8 FindingsThe aim of the research is to contribute to the knowledge of the application of the EUdirective 2001/42/EC by giving an account of a review of the introduction of the directive tonational planning systems in three countries. The basic assumption for the research is thatthere are substantial differences in the way that the SEA directive is introduced in differentcountries, and that those differences are dependant upon the planning context to which thedirective is introduced nationally. Furthermore, it is assumed that the international SEAdiscoursehas had an influential role in how the directive has been interpreted nationally andthat an enhanced knowledge of planning and the planning theory can contribute to anunderstanding of the implementation of the directive. In order to examine thosesuppositions, the introduction of the directive to national planning systems in three countries;Sweden, Iceland and England have been examined as a part of the research. Furthermore thecontents of the SEA directive 2001/42/EC have been reviewed as well as academic literatureon SEA with special focus on the expectation towards SEA, notions of the role of SEA andthe relation to planning theory. In this concluding chapter the findings of the researchwill be discussed and conclusions presented. Furthermore, lessons learned during the researchprocess will be presented, as well as challenges encountered during the research and finallythe relevance for future studies are identified.8.1 The role and purpose of SEA - findings from a review of the directive2001/42/EC, academic literature and national introductionWith the introduction of the directive 2001/42/EC an interpretation has been given of thepurpose and the main steps of SEA. The aims of conducting strategic environmentalassessment as expressed in the SEA directive is on two levels; i.e. on one hand theencompassing wider goal of promoting sustainable development and on the other, integratingenvironmental consideration in decision-making. The directive presents the instrumentalsteps of the SEA process. The way that the procedural steps introduced in the directive leadto the overall objectives of the directive is however not explicit. The emphasis on theprocedural aspects of SEA in the directive matches furthermore the methodological ratherthan conceptual focus of the early attempts of promoting SEA, “addressing ‘how’ before havingclarified ‘why’” (Bina 2003). With this respect the expectations illustrated in the SEA directiveas to the possible achievements of its application are relatively unassuming in comparison tomuch of the literature debate and relies on the existing planning tools (i.e. plans andprogrammes) for its implementation. The focus on the process contradicts furthermore therecommendations made by Sheate et al (2001) for successful SEA introduction; that legalobligations should be prescriptive in terms of outcomes, rather than in procedure andmethodology. In that way the directive makes clear reference to the existing planning systemand does not give SEA an independent identity as an instrument for environmental change,113
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sea in the context of land-useplann
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Blekinge Institute of Technology Li
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AcknowledgementsThis thesis has dev
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CHAPTER 5 INTRODUCTION OF SEA TO TH
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PART I - Introduction to the resear
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In this research the introduction o
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my studies and work in the area as
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FIGURE 1.1. BASIC TYPES OF CASE-STU
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• Process/Strategy Model; i.e. co
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Chapter 2The SEA Directive 2001/42/
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was extended again to also encompas
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The plans and programmes referred t
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effects), with less attention given
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widespread voluntary application of
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assessment instruments such as Risk
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3.1.4 The origins of SEA and its re
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3.2 Relevance of planning theory fo
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development of its central ideas an
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aspects of environmental considerat
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FIGURE 3.2. SEA TOOLS IN RELATION T
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planning theory in respect of envir
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Chapter 4 Introduction of SEA to th
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to the ordinance (2005:356), the fo
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planning area and the 0-alternative
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4.4 Preparation work for SEA applic
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Housing and Planning has argued tha
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Municipal comprehensive plans (öve
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4.6.2 On-going legal revisionsOn-go
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municipal comprehensive plans (25 p
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Page 125 and 126: References and documentsAlfredsson,
Page 127 and 128: Christoferson, I. (ed), (2001) Swed
Page 129 and 130: Kørnøv, L. (1999) Integrating SEA
Page 131 and 132: Sheate, W., Byron, H., Dagg, S. and
Page 133 and 134: European Union’s publicationsEC (
Page 135 and 136: English documents:Countryside Counc
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SEA IN THE CONTEXT OF LANDTUSE PLANNING

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