Chlorine Decay, Water Age, and THMs - OH MY - Ohiowater.org
Chlorine Decay, Water Age, and THMs - OH MY - Ohiowater.org Chlorine Decay, Water Age, and THMs - OH MY - Ohiowater.org
Chlorine Decay, Water Age, and THMs – OH MYTemperature/pH Effects• pH dependence on THM formation• High pH favors THM formation over HAA5 formation• High pH increases THM formation reaction rate• High pH increases chloroform concentrations• High pH reduces HAA5 formation• Low pH opposite of above32
Chlorine Decay, Water Age, and THMs – OH MYBromide Effects on THM Reactions• Form DBPs 2 times faster than chlorine• Shifts from chlorinated to brominated species• Halogen substitution reactions like chlorine (Br - ion)• Attacks more NOM sites than chlorine• 50% bromide reacts to form THMs, where only 10% chlorine reacts toform THMs• Impact on THM concentration dependent on NOM concentration• Low NOM reduces bromide reactionBromoform33
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<strong>Chlorine</strong> <strong>Decay</strong>, <strong>Water</strong> <strong>Age</strong>, <strong>and</strong> <strong>THMs</strong> – <strong>OH</strong> <strong>MY</strong>Temperature/pH Effects• pH dependence on THM formation• High pH favors THM formation over HAA5 formation• High pH increases THM formation reaction rate• High pH increases chloroform concentrations• High pH reduces HAA5 formation• Low pH opposite of above32
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