City of Darebin Heritage Study Volume 1 Draft Thematic

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DAREBIN HERITAGE STUDY STAGE 2FloraAs noted above, the two main EVCs of Darebin are amongst the most endangered in Australia.Other EVCs are also endangered or at the very least depleted. The species which make thesevegetation types up have often fared just as badly.The worst hit species are probably the grazing-sensitive orchids, lilies and daisies, which nowoccur rarely even in Plains Grassland remnants. The reasons for their decline include:• historic grazing by cattle, sheep and rabbits• changing fire regimes• lack of Aboriginal ongoing management in the post settlement period• red-legged earth mite infestations• grazing by introduced snails and slugs and• genetic deteriorationO’Malley and Kern (2005) list 114 plant species of at least local significance recorded recentlyin Darebin.FaunaThe temperate woodlands of Australia have the highest densities of threatened bird species ofany region in Australia and for all species listed as declining but not yet threatened in southeasternAustralia, more than 80% occur in the woodlands regions. The two groups of birdsmost at risk are ground-feeders and hollow nesters. The situation is complicated by the factthat 85-95% of the land in the region is private; there is very little opportunity to conserve thishabitat on public land. Several listings under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (FFG)highlight the situation, including the loss of hollow-bearing trees as a threatening process.OMalley and Kern list 46 bird species of at least regional significance.Mammals have also been badly affected by settlement, with almost all of the small groundmammals of Darebin having become locally extinct, and some such as the Eastern Quollbecoming extinct in Victoria also. O'Malley and Kern list 5 Mammal species for Darebin of atleast regional significance.Amphibians have been severely affected by vegetation removal, swamp filling and draining andwater pollution. O’Malley and Kern list two significant species of frog for Darebin.Reptiles have suffered from habitat removal in Darebin. O’Malley and Kern list 5 skinks, twosnake species and one Gecko as being of at least regional significance for Darebin.Fish species have been severely reduced by alterations to the waterways, and pollution.O’Malley and Kern list two significant fish species.Invertebrates are poorly documented in Darebin. Braby and Beardsell list 38 butterfly speciesoccurring in the La Trobe University wildlife reserves or adjacent areas.136
VOLUME 2: THEMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORYFigure 95Bush Stone Curlew, (now known as “Bush Thickknee”and locally extinct)[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Bush_Stone-curlew.jpg]8.3 Geo-diversity valuesMany natural exposures of rocks and landform units have been removed, buried or covered inhouses or industry. Human-made exposures in quarries or cuttings have very oftensubsequently been buried again, or grassed over. As a result there is little opportunity forDarebin residents to observe and learn about and appreciate the area's geology and geologicalhistory.According to the Natural Heritage Charter, Geodiversity means the natural range (diversity) ofgeological (bedrock), geomorphological (landform) and soil features, assemblages, systems andprocesses. Geodiversity includes evidence of the past life, ecosystems and environments in thehistory of the earth as well as a range of atmospheric, hydrological and biological processescurrently acting on rocks, landforms and soils.According to Mitchell et. al. (2000), a place should be considered to have Geodiversitysignificance if it is a Geological, geomorphological or palaeontological site with at least one ofthe following attributes:• A type section of a geological unit (none known at this stage in Darebin)• A fossil locality (none known at this stage in Darebin)• Exposures of a range of features characteristic of the rock unit, or exposures of featureswhich are unusual in the rock unit• An unusual occurrence of a particular feature or mineral• An example of tectonic and/or volcanic processes• Features which enable palaeoclimatic reconstruction (none known at this stage in Darebin)• Demonstration of the effects of present-day or past weathering, erosion and/or depositionon landform evolution• A representative example of a landform type137
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City of Darebin Heritage Study Volume 1 Draft Thematic

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