<strong>Applying</strong> the <strong>Policies</strong>Use & AllocationPOLICY 3.5Transfer <strong>of</strong> untreated water across the Continental Divide(to or from the Hudson Bay drainage area) shall be opposed. Transfers within the Hudson Baydrainage area shall be minimized and only considered after a complete assessment <strong>of</strong> theenvironmental, social, and economic impacts on the donor and receiving basins.BackgroundThe Hudson Bay drainage basin, an area <strong>of</strong> about3.9 million square kilometres, comprises 23 majorriver basins <strong>of</strong> which the Nelson River basin is thelargest - about one quarter <strong>of</strong> the Hudson Bay basinarea. The Nelson River basin, in turn, comprises foursmaller basins - the Red River, Saskatchewan River,Winnipeg River, and Lake Winnipeg basins, and thesebasins, in turn, are made up <strong>of</strong> smaller componentbasins or watersheds.The ability now exists to substantially modifybasin water flow regimes to support development andother human activity, for example, by diverting ortransferring water within basins and between basinsfor such purposes as flood control and hydro-electricdevelopment, and water supply for municipal, industrial,irrigation, and recreation purposes. Diversionworks have in some circumstances been undertakenwithin and between some <strong>of</strong> the watersheds within theHudson Bay drainage basin, and these works haveresulted in substantial social and economic benefits to<strong>Manitoba</strong>ns.In some situations the economic, social, and environmentalrisks and consequences <strong>of</strong> water transfersare unacceptable. <strong>Manitoba</strong>ns are particularly concernedabout proposals that entail transfer <strong>of</strong> untreatedwater across the continental drainage basin boundaries,to or from the Hudson Bay basin. Such watertransfer projects, for example the proposed GarrisonDiversion project, have a high potential <strong>of</strong> introducingharmful foreign organisms into the waters <strong>of</strong> theHudson Bay basin, organisms for which our ecosystemshave very poor or no defence. These organismscan seriously upset the ecosystem balance in theHudson Bay basin and cause enormous and potentiallyirreversible environmental and economic harm to<strong>Manitoba</strong>ns.Other concerns about water transfer across continentalor internal basin boundaries relate to the impacton the present and future water supplies within thedonor basin, and the possible irreversible dependenciesthat develop in the receiver basin. Transfers <strong>of</strong>water between the smaller internal basins may insome circumstances be judicious, but any such proposedtransfer must be conditional to assurance thatthe social, economic, and environmental consequencesto both donor and receiver basins are acceptable.Intent1. To preserve the quality <strong>of</strong> water in basins.2. To ensure that harmful foreign organisms arenot introduced to <strong>Manitoba</strong> water basins throughinter-basin transfer.3. To ensure that inter-basin transfers are justifiedbased on full assessment <strong>of</strong> the needs, the supplyalternatives, and the socio-economic and environmentalimpacts within both the donor andreceiver basins.38
<strong>Applying</strong> the <strong>Policies</strong>Use & AllocationApplication1. The <strong>Government</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Manitoba</strong> will:• use international agreements between Canada andthe United States, agreements between <strong>Manitoba</strong>and neighbouring states and provinces, negotiations,and court action if necessary, to prevent theintroduction <strong>of</strong> foreign organisms into the HudsonBay drainage basin.• undertake educational and promotional initiatives toenhance public awareness <strong>of</strong> the economic and environmentaldangers presented by the introduction <strong>of</strong>foreign organisms into <strong>Manitoba</strong> waters.• take all necessary measures and precautions to minimizethe risk <strong>of</strong> foreign organisms being introducedto the Hudson Bay drainage basin.• support demand management options and undertakeconservation measures to reduce the needs for interbasintransfers.• participate in the basin, watershed, and aquiferplanning processes, and in the environmental impactassessment process.• promote and undertake measures to prevent thetransfer <strong>of</strong> foreign organisms into <strong>Manitoba</strong>’swaters.• thoroughly examine, in considering proposals forinter-basin transfers within <strong>Manitoba</strong>, developmentobjectives, priority needs for water, alternative uses,alternative sources <strong>of</strong> supply, and the economical,social, and environmental impacts affecting both thedonor and receiving basins.• apply comprehensive environmental impact assessments,required by provincial and federal legislation,to determine the acceptability <strong>of</strong> basin transfer,and to determine any necessary modifications <strong>of</strong>preferred options.• encourage the adoption <strong>of</strong> alternatives and conservationmeasures by local governments, industry, andthe public to minimize the need for inter-basin watertransfer.2. Local governments, the hydro-electric utilities,industry, and the general public can:• become well informed <strong>of</strong> the dangers and risks presentedby the introduction <strong>of</strong> foreign organisms intothe Hudson Bay drainage basin.39