MRCPCH 1: Essential Questions in Paediatrics - PasTest

CARDIOLOGY – QUESTIONS 31.9 You are asked to review a child on the ward who is known tohave short stature and renal abnormalities. On examination, shehas micrognathia and an ejection systolic murmur at the upperleft sternal edge. Her notes show that she has recently seen anophthalmologist. What is the MOST likely underlying diagnosis? A Williams syndrome B DiGeorge syndrome C Alagille syndrome D Noonan syndrome E Left atrial isomerism1.10 A 1-day-old baby who is otherwise asymptomatic presents with aloud harsh heart murmur at the left sternal edge. There are nofeatures of heart failure present, the oxygen saturations arenormal, and the ECG performed by the resident specialityregistrar is reported to be normal. What is the MOST likelydiagnosis in this case? A Atrial septal defect B Small muscular ventricular septal defect C Large muscular ventricular septal defect D Pulmonary stenosis E Persistent ductus arteriosus1.11 A newborn baby presents cyanosed and unwell with a heartmurmur at the left sternal edge. The chest X-ray shows massivecardiomegaly with a dilated right atrium and reduced pulmonaryvascular markings. You are informed that the baby’s mother hasa history of bipolar depression and that she had been takinglithium during pregnancy. What is the MOST likely diagnosis? A Transposition of the great arteries B Tetralogy of Fallot C Tricuspid atresia D Ebstein anomaly E Pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect and collaterals