MRCPCH 1: Essential Questions in Paediatrics - PasTest

11. CardiologyMultiple True–False Questions1.1 Muscular ventricular septal defects (VSDs) A do not require SBE prophylaxis B usually cause a heart murmur in the first day of life C if large, are closed by catheter procedures in 10% of cases D do not have conduction tissue running on their inferior margin E if large, usually cause heart failure before the child is 4 days old1.2 Scimitar syndrome A is usually associated with a hypoplastic left lung B can be palliated by coil occlusion in the cardiac catheter laboratory C will show dextrocardia on the X-ray as a result of situs inversus D is associated with abnormal pulmonary arterial supply E is usually associated with abnormal radii1.3 On the first day of life, the following may be found in neonateswith congenital heart disease: A a harsh pansystolic murmur with the diagnosis of ventricular septaldefect B severe cyanosis in unobstructed total anomalous pulmonary venousconnection C a harsh systolic murmur in transposition of the great arterieswithout associated defect D severe acidosis and poor pulses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome E severe cyanosis and acidosis in a baby with Down syndrome andatrioventricular septal defect1.4 The following is true of persistent ductus arteriosus: A it is defined as persistence of ductal patency beyond 1 week afterthe date the baby should have been born B on auscultation, a continuous murmur in the right infraclaviculararea is heard C it may present as heart failure with poor peripheral pulses D closure is usually undertaken in the catheter laboratory with coil ordevice at 1 year E if it is large, surgical ligation is recommended at 1–3 months