The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library
The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library
SCIENCE AND DIVINE INTERPOSITION. 277every class. This law of development, applicableto all animal life, admits of greateror less diversity of result in the history ofdistinct races, according to the complexityof the organism.Third, as to the relations of different ordersin the scale of animal life, it is proved that allvital organism has been modelled on a commonplan as appears in the arrangement andfunctions of the nerve system, providing forsensibility and motor activity. In accordancewith this, we find in different orders of animallife not merely analogies or resemblancesin structure, but homologies or examples ofcomplete identity of structure and function.Thus the brain, and the two sets of nervelines, namely sensory and motor, are thesame in nature and functions in all animals,from the frog to man inclusive, and theydiffer only in complexity of arrangementwithin the central organ, and extent oframification of the nerve lines. Diversityof nature thus far appears in the relativecomplexity of organism. This is a conclusionwhich assigns to Inan his place in thescale of animal life; that is, in so far as weregard man exclusively by reference to hi~l
278 SCIENCE AND RELIGION.animal nature, he stands highest in the scaleof organism,-first in rank, judged simply bycomplexity of brain structure, and minutenessof nerve system.Fourth, in respect of moral life, that is,ability to contemplate a law of life absolutelyauthoritative as well as universallyapplicable amongst intelligent beings,-suchfor example as the law of benevolence; abilityto control the whole animal nature so asto subject it to this higher law of benevolence;ability to strive after the harmonizingof all dispositions and actions in accordancewith the law of benevolence,-man occupiesa distinct place in the order of beings existingin the world, no other living beingstanding associated with him. There are innumerableforms of organized being in theworld; but only a single representative ofmoral life in it. No being save man contemplatesa general law of life, making itsfulfilment a deliberate end of action; no beingsave man possesses a conception of dutyor oughtness, which, if it be regarded simplyas an intellectual exercise, can be apprehendedonly under application of a law of conductsuch as benevolence. That man stands en-
- Page 248 and 249: HIGHER ORGANISMS. 227of the organ a
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- Page 256 and 257: HIGHER ORGANISMS. 235excitation occ
- Page 258 and 259: HIGHER ORGANISMS. 237tinues in full
- Page 260 and 261: LECTURE QII.MAN'S PLACE M THE WORLD
- Page 262 and 263: JfAy'S PLACE IN TKE WOELB. 241comes
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- Page 296 and 297: LECTURE VIII.RELATION OF SCIENCE TO
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SCIENCE AND DIVINE INTERPOSITION. 277every class. This law <strong>of</strong> development, applicableto all animal life, admits <strong>of</strong> greateror less diversity <strong>of</strong> result in the history <strong>of</strong>distinct races, according to the complexity<strong>of</strong> the organism.Third, as to the relations <strong>of</strong> different ordersin the scale <strong>of</strong> animal life, it is proved that allvital organism has been modelled on a commonplan as appears in the arrangement <strong>and</strong>functions <strong>of</strong> the nerve system, providing forsensibility <strong>and</strong> motor activity. In accordancewith this, we find in different orders <strong>of</strong> animallife not merely analogies or resemblancesin structure, but homologies or examples <strong>of</strong>complete identity <strong>of</strong> structure <strong>and</strong> function.Thus the brain, <strong>and</strong> the two sets <strong>of</strong> nervelines, namely sensory <strong>and</strong> motor, are thesame in nature <strong>and</strong> functions in all animals,from the frog to man inclusive, <strong>and</strong> theydiffer only in complexity <strong>of</strong> arrangementwithin the central organ, <strong>and</strong> extent <strong>of</strong>ramification <strong>of</strong> the nerve lines. Diversity<strong>of</strong> nature thus far appears in the relativecomplexity <strong>of</strong> organism. This is a conclusionwhich assigns to Inan his place in thescale <strong>of</strong> animal life; that is, in so far as weregard man exclusively by reference to hi~l
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