The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library
The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library
HIGHER ORGANISMS. 211other fibres laid alongside of it, jusL as copperwire is isolated by a gutta-percha coveringwhen the two connecting lines from an electricbattery are laid down in close proximityas in the arrangement for electric bells. Bythis provision the nerve fibres are completelyisolated making it possible to distinguish sensoryimpressions so as $0 tell which finger hasbeen touched. The similarity of structure inthe two lines of nerves is a striking fact inview of the completely distinct functions fulfilled.This leads to a special explanation ofthe provisioii for different modes of action.This is secured by diversity in the terminalarrangemelzts for the two classes of nerves.The nerves of sensibility have a peculiarly sensitivearrangement spread under the skin, constitutingan end-bulb or touch organ. In certainparts of the body more sensitive thanothers, such as the tips of the fingers, thereare additional minute corpuscles, groupedalongside of the nerve, liable to contractunder the slightest pressure, and which addgreatly to the sensitiveness of the particularparts about which they cluster. The terminalarrangements of the motor nerves arequite different. The nerve fibres pass into
212 SCIENCE AND RELIGION.the substance of the muscle to be moved bythem, and the nerve fibre is subdivided anddistributed, so as to bring the several partsof the muscle under control. These fibresare so laid and connected, that a whole setof muscles can be moved simultaneously, beingmade to work in perfect harmony.The vital activity of this whole arrangementof nerve fibres, including sensory and motorin one system, depends upon living connectionof all with the great nerve centre in the brain,where the nerve energy is provided whichkeeps all in functional activity. Only, thereis this striking difference with the two sets offibres, that in the case of the sensory nervethe pulsation of energy is upwards to thebrain, in the case of the motor nerve it isdownwards towards the muscle. There is noscientific explanation yet reached of this contrastof molecular action. But by means ofit the one order of nerves plays the part ofa vehicle of in~pression providing for knowledgeof what is without, the other order fulfilsthe part of an instrument for moving themuscular system which is part of the organismitself.These two orders are not, however, to be
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212 SCIENCE AND RELIGION.the substance <strong>of</strong> the muscle to be moved bythem, <strong>and</strong> the nerve fibre is subdivided <strong>and</strong>distributed, so as to bring the several parts<strong>of</strong> the muscle under control. <strong>The</strong>se fibresare so laid <strong>and</strong> connected, that a whole set<strong>of</strong> muscles can be moved simultaneously, beingmade to work in perfect harmony.<strong>The</strong> vital activity <strong>of</strong> this whole arrangement<strong>of</strong> nerve fibres, including sensory <strong>and</strong> motorin one system, depends upon living connection<strong>of</strong> all with the great nerve centre in the brain,where the nerve energy is provided whichkeeps all in functional activity. Only, thereis this striking difference with the two sets <strong>of</strong>fibres, that in the case <strong>of</strong> the sensory nervethe pulsation <strong>of</strong> energy is upwards to thebrain, in the case <strong>of</strong> the motor nerve it isdownwards towards the muscle. <strong>The</strong>re is noscientific explanation yet reached <strong>of</strong> this contrast<strong>of</strong> molecular action. But by means <strong>of</strong>it the one order <strong>of</strong> nerves plays the part <strong>of</strong>a vehicle <strong>of</strong> in~pression providing for knowledge<strong>of</strong> what is without, the other order fulfilsthe part <strong>of</strong> an instrument for moving themuscular system which is part <strong>of</strong> the organismitself.<strong>The</strong>se two orders are not, however, to be
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