The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library
The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library The Relation of Science and Religion.pdf - Online Christian Library
RELATlONS OF ORGANISMS. 171deep has been the impression made on Mr.Darwin's mind by the evidence of provisionfor transference of pollen, that he closes hisvaluable and interesting book on the Fertilizationof Orchids with the following statements.Having remarked that " self-fertilization wouldhave been an incomparably safer and easierprocess than the transportal of pollen fromflower to flower," he adds these words,-" Itis hardly an exaggeration to say that Naturetells us, in the most emphatic manner, thatshe abhors perpetual self-fertilization." *The next result secured presents an importantrelation between animal life and vegetable.These flowers do not depend for theirfertilization upon the action of the wind,which in scattering profusely in all directionsmust occasion large waste of pollen. Thereis found to be distinct provision for carryingthe pollen from one flower to another by insects,such as the bees, whose industry ingathering honey has been celebrated fromancient times, specially because of our interestin the store-house, but with little suspicionof the double work being done by* The ~'arious Contrivances by which Orchids arefertilized by Insects,2d ed. p. 293.
172 SCIENCE AND RELIGION.the bees, who add to their other industrythat of horticulturists. These bees are thepollen-bearers,-the recogilized local carriers,regularly on the road,-doing the workwhich the flowers, in lack of locomotivepower, could not do for each other. Or,looking at the relation of things from anotherpoint of view, the bees are at thesame time gathering the honey, and sowingthe seed for a future harvest. This referenceto the honey, however, introduces tonotice a companion series of fact's, showingthe provision in completed form for an interchangeof services. The plants supply an attractionto the animals, while the animalsrender a service to the plants. This phaseof interdependence is made more coiispicuousby the contrast apparent in the structure andfunctions of plants fertilized by. the wind,such as the larger shrubs and trees, which asthey present a greater surface to the breeze,do not call for the same detailed provision forcarrying the pollen. In contrast with thesemore bulky representatives of the vegetablekingdom, the more lowly and insignificant insize, as well as more short-lived, presentmany attractions in color, scent, and secre-
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RELATlONS OF ORGANISMS. 171deep has been the impression made on Mr.Darwin's mind by the evidence <strong>of</strong> provisionfor transference <strong>of</strong> pollen, that he closes hisvaluable <strong>and</strong> interesting book on the Fertilization<strong>of</strong> Orchids with the following statements.Having remarked that " self-fertilization wouldhave been an incomparably safer <strong>and</strong> easierprocess than the transportal <strong>of</strong> pollen fromflower to flower," he adds these words,-" Itis hardly an exaggeration to say that Naturetells us, in the most emphatic manner, thatshe abhors perpetual self-fertilization." *<strong>The</strong> next result secured presents an importantrelation between animal life <strong>and</strong> vegetable.<strong>The</strong>se flowers do not depend for theirfertilization upon the action <strong>of</strong> the wind,which in scattering pr<strong>of</strong>usely in all directionsmust occasion large waste <strong>of</strong> pollen. <strong>The</strong>reis found to be distinct provision for carryingthe pollen from one flower to another by insects,such as the bees, whose industry ingathering honey has been celebrated fromancient times, specially because <strong>of</strong> our interestin the store-house, but with little suspicion<strong>of</strong> the double work being done by* <strong>The</strong> ~'arious Contrivances by which Orchids arefertilized by Insects,2d ed. p. 293.
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