implementation of quality tools in small medium industry - Universiti ...

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7250Pareto chart of ComplaintsCounts200150100100806040Percent50200Conplaints room appliances cleanliness comfort OtherCounts 100 50 50 15 7Percent 45.0 22.5 22.5 6.8 3.2Cum % 45.0 67.6 90.1 96.8 100.00Figure 2.2.Typically the left y-axis is frequency of occurrence, and the right y-axis isthe cumulative percentage of the total number of occurrences.The x-axis displays the categories of defects, complaints, waste, etc.2.2.2.1 Weighted Pareto ChartA weighted Pareto chart not only considers the frequency of occurrence, butthe importance as well. A weighted Pareto chart can account for the severity of thedefects, or the cost, or anything else you would like to track. For example, supposeyou have 5 coating defects that you are tracking: wrinkles, stains, scratches, dirtspecs, and bubbles.Collect data on the frequency of defect occurrence and the cost to rework. Aweighted Pareto chart may change your priority for improvement projects byconsidering data based on both cost and frequency data. For example, even thoughwrinkles may be more frequent they are less expensive to fix than dirt specs, whichare a rarer occurrence. Considering both cost and frequency will give you a betterunderstanding of your cost of poor quality (COPQ).
84 0 0P a r e t o c h a r t o f D e f e c t s1 0 03 0 08 0Frequency2 0 06 04 0Percent1 0 02 00D e fe c ts w r in k le s s ta in s s c r a tc h e s d ir t s p e c b u b le sF r e q u e n c y 1 0 0 9 0 8 0 5 0 3 0P e r c e n t 2 8 . 6 2 5 .7 2 2 .9 1 4 .3 8 .6C u m % 2 8 . 6 5 4 .3 7 7 .1 9 1 .4 1 0 0 .00Figure 2.3.The most frequently occurring defects are wrinkles and stains. Based juston this information, it can decide to develop an improvement project around reducingwrinkles and stains [Gitlow, Oppenheim, Levine, 2005]Pareto chart of Defects120001000010080Cost8000600040006040Percent2000200Defects scratches dirt spec stains bubbles 1600Cost 4000 2400 2000 1800 1600Percent 33.9 20.3 16.9 15.3 13.6Cum % 33.9 54.2 71.2 86.4 100.00Figure 2.4.The most costly defects are scratches and dirt specs. Based on this moreinformative data, it can decide that it is better to develop an improvement project toreduce scratches and dirt specs [Gitlow, Oppenheim, Levine, 2005]
Page 1 and 2: IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY TOOLS IN
Page 3 and 4: iiiSTUDENT DECLARATIONI hereby decl
Page 5 and 6: vACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFirst I would like
Page 7 and 8: viiABSTRAKPerkakas kualiti merupaka
Page 9 and 10: ixCHAPTER 3METHODOLOGY3.1 Introduct
Page 11 and 12: xiLIST OF TABLESTable No. Title Pag
Page 13 and 14: xiiiLIST OF FIGURESFigure No. Title
Page 15 and 16: xv4.15 Cross section of the lid 364
Page 17 and 18: 21.2 Why SMISMI stands for Small Me
Page 19 and 20: 4CHAPTER 2LITERATUREVIEW2.1 Definit
Page 21: 6Figure 2.1.Because it clearly orga
Page 25 and 26: 102.2.4 Conclusion of 7 Basic Quali

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