implementation of quality tools in small medium industry - Universiti ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

52.2 Seven basic quality toolsOnce the basic problem-solving or quality improvement process isunderstood, the addition of quality tools can make the process proceed more quicklyand systematically. Seven simple tools can be used by any professional to ease thequality improvement process: flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, cause andeffect diagrams, histograms, scatter diagrams, and control charts. (Some booksdescribe a graph instead of a flowchart as one of the seven tools).The concept behind the seven basic tools came from Kaoru Ishikawa, arenowned quality expert from Japan. According to Ishikawa, 95% of quality-relatedproblems can be resolved with these basic tools. The key to successful problemresolution is the ability to identify the problem, use the appropriate tools based on thenature of the problem, and communicate the solution quickly to others.Inexperienced personnel might do best by starting with the Pareto chart and the causeand effect diagram before tackling the use of the other tools. Those two tools areused most widely by quality improvement teams. [Gitlow, Oppenheim, Levine,2005]2.2.1 Check sheetCheck sheets help organize data by category. They show how many timeseach particular value occurs, and their information is increasingly helpful as moredata are collected. More than 50 observations should be available to be charted forthis tool to be really useful. Check sheets minimize clerical work since the operatormerely adds a mark to the tally on the prepared sheet rather than writing out a figure(Figure 2.1). By showing the frequency of a particular defect (e.g., in a molded part)and how often it occurs in a specific location, check sheets help operators spotproblems. The check sheet example shows a list of molded part defects on aproduction line covering a week's time. One can easily see where to set prioritiesbased on results shown on this check sheet. Assuming the production flow is thesame on each day, the part with the largest number of defects carries the highestpriority for correction.
6Figure 2.1.Because it clearly organizes data, a check sheet is the easiest way to trackinformation.2.2.2 Pareto chartPareto Chart is a special type of bar chart where the plotted values arearranged from largest to smallest. A Pareto chart is used to highlight the mostfrequently occurring defects, the most common causes of defects, or the mostfrequent causes of customer complaints.The Pareto chart is named for Vilfredo Pareto and his principle of the "80/20rule." That is, 20% of the people contain 80% of the wealth; or 20% of the productline may generate 80% of the waste; or 20% of the customers may generate 80% ofthe complaints, etc.For example, the hotel management wants to investigate causes of customerdissatisfaction at your hotel chain so investigate and record customer reasons fortheir complaints.
Page 1 and 2: IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY TOOLS IN
Page 3 and 4: iiiSTUDENT DECLARATIONI hereby decl
Page 5 and 6: vACKNOWLEDGEMENTSFirst I would like
Page 7 and 8: viiABSTRAKPerkakas kualiti merupaka
Page 9 and 10: ixCHAPTER 3METHODOLOGY3.1 Introduct
Page 11 and 12: xiLIST OF TABLESTable No. Title Pag
Page 13 and 14: xiiiLIST OF FIGURESFigure No. Title
Page 15 and 16: xv4.15 Cross section of the lid 364
Page 17 and 18: 21.2 Why SMISMI stands for Small Me
Page 19: 4CHAPTER 2LITERATUREVIEW2.1 Definit
Page 23 and 24: 84 0 0P a r e t o c h a r t o f D e
Page 25 and 26: 102.2.4 Conclusion of 7 Basic Quali

implementation of quality tools in small medium industry - Universiti ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?