mammalian and avian diversity of the nallamala hills ... - zoo's print

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluIndiaRiver GodavariHyderabadANDHRA PRADESHRiver KrishnaNallamalaHill RangeBay of BengalFigure 1. Map depicting the Nallamala Hill Range in Andhra Pradesh, IndiaFebruary 2000, to ensure that all months of the year werecovered. Bird records were done following imaginary gridmethod and line transect method as outlined by Gaston (1973).Identification was based on Ali and Ripley (1983) and Ali (1996).Based on the number of sightings and occurrence of a givenspecies, their status was assigned. Birds were considered tobe common (encountered daily in relatively large numbers),uncommon (encountered daily but in few numbers), occasional(encountered occasionally in less numbers, or singly) or rare(encountered less than 15 times in a year). Scientific names andtaxonomic classification of birds is after Inskipp et al. (1996)and common names after Manakadan et al. (1998).Results and DiscussionThe mammalian diversity of this region is represented by 74species belonging to 28 families of nine orders (Table 1).Maximum number of species recorded or reported to occur inthe Nallamala Hills belonged to order Chiroptera (24 species)and was followed by orders Carnivora (20 species) andRodentia (12 species). The known rodents from this area beingso less in number calls for collection of specimens in future tohave a complete picture of the small mammalian diversity here.The Nallamala mammals represent about 20% of the Indian and2% of the world mammalian diversity.Of the total mammalian diversity recorded to occur here, 55.4%(41 species) are common, 27.02% (20 species) are uncommon,12.16% (9 species) are occasional and 5.4% (4 species) are rarein occurrence. Among the mammalian species reported by usin the Nallamala Hills, 69 species (93.24%) were sighted duringthe study period, and about 4.3% (3 species) are based onindirect evidence. The presence of five species (6.75%) ofmammals that were not recorded by us during the present study,is reported on account of reliable information. These interestingmammalian records are: Madras Hedgehog Hemiechinusnudiventris, Wolf Canis lupus, Indian Pangolin Maniscrassicaudata; Asiatic Wild Cat Felis sylvestris ornata andIndian Muntjak Muntiacus muntjac (Tulsi Rao, pers. comm.).Some of the infrequently sighted species that deserve mention676January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. Naguluare the Smooth-coated Otter Lutrogale perspicillata (alongthe selected stretch of Krishna River), Ratel Mellivora capensis(more on the south of bank of Krishna River along thePecheruvu and Gundla Brahmeshwaram Plateaus), and FishingCat Prionailurus viverrinus (recorded once on the banks ofGundlakamma River on the Gundla Brahmeshwaram Plateau).The Chinkara Gazella bennetti is found in the open tracts alongthe Krishna River on the Amrabad Plateau, while the BlackbuckAntilope cervicapra is reported only from Ganjivaripalleenvirons.The species of the monotypic genera of mammals occurring inthe Nallamala are Indian Tree Shrew Anathana ellioti(Scadentia), Indian Wild Dog Cuon alpinus, Sloth BearMelursus ursinus, Ratel, Hyena Hyaena hyaena, Small IndianCivet Vivvericula indica (Carnivora), Blackbuck, NilgaiBoselaphus tragocamelus, Four-horned Antelope Tetracerusquadricornis (Artiodactyla) and Indian Bush Rat Golundaellioti (Rodentia). Of the threatened species, the endangeredones that are found in the Nallamala are Tiger Panthera tigris,Ratel, Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus (Rao et al.,1999), and Four-horned Antelope Tetracerus quadricornis,which is densely populated on the Gundla BrahmeshwaramPlateau. The species that are endemic to the peninsular Indiaand are thriving on the Nallamala Hills are Indian Tree Shrew(Scadentia), Bonnet Macaque Macaca radiata (Primates), andGiant Squirrel Ratufa indica (Rodentia).Complete representation of smaller mammals occurring in theNallamala Hills might have not been covered in the presentstudy. As a result many smaller forms, especially thosebelonging to orders Insectivora, Chiroptera and Rodentia arepoorly represented in this study. Careful scrutiny of the relevantpublished material revealed the historic presence of manyspecies that were not reported in the recent times. Among thechiropterans, Lesser Woolly Horseshoe Bat Rhinopomabeddomei and Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposiderospomona are such examples which were earlier collected fromthe Nallamala Hills (Bates & Harrison, 1996) but the presentday status remains unknown.The avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills is represented by atotal of 302 species belonging to 17 orders and 53 families (Table2). Passerines represented by 125 species belonging to 20families contribute to about 41.4% of the bird diversity. Amongthe non-passerines maximum representation were that of waders(Charadriiformes, 6 families and 29 species) and diurnal raptors(Falconiformes, 2 families, 26 species). Other orders representedin significant numbers of species are Anseriformes (2 family, 15species), Ciconiiformes (3 families, 17 species), Gruiiformes (3families, 14 species), Coraciiformes (7 families, 12 species)Galliformes (1 family, 11 species), and Columbiformes (2 families,11 species).Of the total diversity, 48.67% (147 species) are common, 32.45%(98 species) are uncommon, 12.25% (37 species) are occasional,and 6.62% (20 species) are rare in abundance. Of the residentbird diversity of 189 species, 91.53% are confirmed residents,while the rest are resident migrants. Among the migrantsrepresented by 101 species (contributing 33.44% of the totaldiversity) most are winter migrants (73 species, 72.27%) followedby seasonal local migrants (23 species, 22.77%) and localmigrants (5 species, 4.95%). Twelve species (3.97% of the totaldiversity) are considered to be vagrant or stragglers to thisarea. Of the total diversity 136 species (45.03%) are confirmedbreeders while about 41 species (13.57%) probably breed here.Ali (1933a, b, c; 1934a, b) has reported sighting of 127 speciesof birds on Amrabad Plateau from Mananur and Farahabadlocalities between 3-20 October, 1931, of which 123 birds wererecorded during the present study. Species reported by Alithat were conspicuously absent here and elsewhere in theNallamala Hills are Eurasian Griffon-Vulture Gyps fulvus (reportedto be common then), Indian Trogon Harpactes fasciatus (onesighted on 12 October, 1931 on Uma Maheshwara Plateau nearMananur), Nilgiri Wood Pigeon Columba elphinstonii (Ali,(1934b) mentions catching a glimpse of it in the forest aroundMananur), and Greenish Warbler (Phylloscopus trochiloidesnitidus and P. t. viridanus). It is possible that the last speciesmight have been possibly overlooked or confused with otherspecies of Phylloscopus. Some of the interesting records ofthe present study are reporting of sighting of White-neckedStork Ciconia episcopus, White Stork Ciconia ciconia alongthe Madras Canal near Veligode, Pied Avocet Recurvirostraavosetta on the Amrabad Plateau (Tulsi Rao, pers. comm.),Indian Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus near Peddarutlaon the Right Bank of Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve(Harsha Reddy, pers. comm.), Yellow-throated Bulbul near UmaMaheshawaram (Aasheesh Pittie, pers. comm.) and from twoother sites, namely Rollapenta and Pedda Manthanala on theright bank of Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve(Srinivasulu in prep.), Yellow-browed Bulbul from UmaMaheshwaram (Srinivasulu & Rao, 2000), Little Pied FlycatcherFicedula westermanni from Gundla Brahmeshwaram Plateau(Srinivasulu, in press), and White-rumped Shama Copsychusmalabaricus from Farahabad on Amrabad Plateau (Rao et al.,1997) and Rudrakode area of Gundla Brahmeshwaram WildlifeSanctuary .The species of the monotypic genera of birds occurring in theNallamala are Anastomus oscitans (Ciconiformes), Rhodonessarufina (Anseriformes), Butastus teesa (Falconiformes),Hydrophasianus chirurgus and Metopidius indicus(Charadriiformes).January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684 677

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluThreatsThe once dense and secure forest of Nallamala is under severethreat due to habitat destruction, livestock pressure and bioticinterference. Human greed has taken its toll and the aftereffectsof the same is reflected by the deserted look of the forest,especially across the Amrabad plateau. Rapid developmentalactivities are underway jeopardizing biotic integrity andsustenance of floral and faunal components. The northern partof the Nallamala Hills, especially that north of Krishna Riverfalling in the districts of Mahbubnagar and Nalgonda, has beengreatly affected by anthropogenic and biotic pressure, whilethe central and southern regions are relatively better.Management intervention should ensure checking of illegalentry, livestock pressure, poaching, tree felling, etc. to ensureconservation priorities and sustenance of sylvan tribalpopulation. The treasure-chest will soon be empty withouttimely conservation measures.AcknowledgementsWe express our heartfelt gratitude Prof. J.V. Ramana Rao forguidance and encouragement. We are thankful to the HeadDepartment of Zoology, Osmania University, Hyderabad andShri T. Ramakrishna, IFS, Chief Wildlife Warden and Conservatorof Forests (Wildlife Management), Andhra Pradesh ForestDepartment for permission. We thank immensely, Field DirectorsProject Tiger; Assistant Directors NSTR; Mr. K. Tulsi Rao (ACF,Biodiversity, NSTR); Mr. Aasheesh Pittie; Dr. V. Vasudeva Rao;Mr. Harsha Reddy for their help in many ways and sharinginformation. We acknowledge the financial assistance by theCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi to thefirst author and, the Andhra Pradesh Forest Department (A. P.Forestry Project), Government of Andhra Pradesh to the latter.ReferencesAgrawal, V.C. and T. P. Bhattacharya (1976). Report on a collectionof mammals from Nagarjunasagar, Andhra Pradesh. Newsletter of theZoological Survey of India 2(5): 212-216.Ali, S. (1933a). The Hyderabad State Ornithological Survey. Part 1.Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 36(2): 356-390.Ali, S. (1933b). The Hyderabad State Ornithological Survey. Part 2.Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 36(3): 707-725.Ali, S. (1933c). The Hyderabad State Ornithological Survey. Part 3.Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 36(4): 898-919.Ali, S. (1934a). The Hyderabad State Ornithological Survey. Part 4.Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 37(1): 124-142.Ali, S. (1934b). The Hyderabad State Ornithological Survey. Part 5.Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society37(2): 425-454.Ali, S. (1996). The Book of Indian Birds. Revised and EnlargedEdition. The Bombay Natural History Society and Oxford UniversityPress, Mumbai.Ali, S. and S.D. Ripley (1983). A Pictorial Guide to the Birds of theIndian Subcontinent. Bombay Natural History Society and OxfordUniversity Press, Mumbai.Anon. (1965). The Gazetteer of India – Indian Union. Vol. I. Countryand People. Publications Division, Govt. of India, New Delhi.Bates, P.J.J. and D.L. Harrison (1997). Bats of the IndianSubcontinent. Harrison Zoological Museum, Kent, xiv+358pp.Champion, H.G. and S.K. Seth (1968). A revised survey of Foresttypes of India. Govt. of India, New Delhi.Gaston, A.J. (1973). Methods for estimating bird populations.Journal Bombay Natural History Society 72(2): 272-281.Inskipp, T., N. Lindsey and W. Duckworth (1996). An AnnotatedChecklist of the Birds of the Oriental Region. Oriental Bird Club,United Kingdom.Manakadan, R., J.C. Daniel, A.R. Rahmani, M. Inamdar and G.Ugra (1998). Standardized English common names of the birds of theIndian sub continent - a proposal. Buceros 3(2): 55.Murthy, T.S.N. (1968). Notes on the collection of amphibians fromNagarjuna Valley (Andhra Pradesh) with one new record. Journal ofthe University of Poona 34: 63-71.Murthy, T.S.N. (1986). Lizards of Kurnool District. Bulletin ofMaryland Herpetological Society 22(3): 134-143.Nagulu, V., V.V. Rao and C. Srinivasulu (1998). Biodiversity ofselect habitats in Eastern Ghat regions of Andhra Pradesh. In: TheEastern Ghats Proceedings of the National Seminar on Conservationof Eastern Ghats March 24-26, 1998. 6-35.Nameer. P.O. (1998). Checklist of Indian Mammals. Kerala ForestDepartment (Wildlife Wing) and Kerala Agricultural University.90+xxvpp.Rao, R.K. (1998). Nallamalai Hills: among world centres of plantdiversity. In: The Eastern Ghats Proceedings of the National Seminaron Conservation of Eastern Ghats, March 24-26, 1998. 317-321.Rao, T.K., D. Sudhakar, V.V. Rao, V. Nagulu and C. Srinivasulu(1999). Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus (I. GeoffroySaint-Hillaire, 1831): A new record for Nagarjunasagar Srisailam TigerReserve, Andhra Pradesh. Journal of the Bombay Natural HistorySociety 96(3): 463-464.Rao, V.V., V. Nagulu, M. Anjaneyulu, B. Srinivasulu, C.Srinivasulu and J. V. R. Rao (1997). Status of avifauna of RajivGandhi National Park, Andhra Pradesh, India. Pavo 35(1&2): 85-100.Ripley, S.D. (1982). A Synopsis of Birds of India and Pakistan.Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay.Sharma, R.C. (1971). The reptile fauna of Nagarjunasagar dam area(Andhra Pradesh, India). Records of the Zoological Survey of India63(1-4): 77-93.Srinivasulu, C. (in prep.). Site records of Yellow-throated BulbulPycnonotus xantholaemus in the Nallamala Hills, Eastern Ghats,Andhra Pradesh.Srinivasulu, C. (in press). Sight record of Little Pied FlycatcherMuscicapa (Ficedula) westermanni in Andhra Pradesh. Journal of theBombay Natural History Society.Srinivasulu, C. and V.V. Rao (1999). Butterflies of GundlaBrahmeshwaram Wildlife Sanctuary, Andhra Pradesh. Zoos’ Print14(2): 38-39.Srinivasulu, C. and V.V. Rao (2000). Occurrence of the YellowbrowedBulbul Hypsipetes indicus (Jerdon) in the Nalamalla Hills,Andhra Pradesh. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 97(1):144-145.678January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluTable 1. Mammalian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Eastern GhatsCommon name Scientific name A RInsectivoraErinaceidaeMadras Hedgehog Hemiechinus nudiventris R 3SoricidaeMusk Rat Suncus murinus C 1ScadentiaTupaiidaeSouth Indian (Madras) Tree Anathana ellioti UC 1ShrewChiropteraPteropodidaeFulvous Fruit Bat Rousettus leschnaulti UC 1Indian Flying Fox Pteropus giganteus UC 1, 2Short-nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx C 1RhinopomatidaeLesser Mouse-tailed Bat Rhinopoma hardwickii UC 1, 2EmballonuridaeLong-winged Tomb Bat Taphozous longimanus UC 1, 2Black-bearded Tomb Bat Taphozous melanopogon UC 1, 2Naked-rumped Tomb Bat Taphozous nudiventris O 1Egyptian Tomb Bat Taphozous perforatus O 1MegadermatidaeGreater False Vampire Megaderma lyra C 1, 2Lesser False Vampire Megaderma spasma O 1RhinolophidaeRufous Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus rouxii C 1, 2HipposideridaeFulvus Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros fulvus O 1Kelaart’s Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros lankadiva O 1Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros speoris UC 1, 2MolossidaeEgyptian Free-tailed Bat Tadarida aegyptiaca C 1VespertilionidaeTickell’s Bat Hesperoptenus tickelli UC 1Painted Bat Kerivoula picta UC 1Schreiber’s Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus schreibersii UC 1Kelaart’s Pipistrelle Pipistrellus ceylonicus C 1Little Indian Bat Pipistrellus coromandra C 1Dormer’s Bat Pipistrellus dormeri R 1Least Pipistrelle Pipistrellus tenuis C 1, 2Asiatic Greater Yellow House Scotophillus heathii UC 1, 2BatAsiatic Lesser Yellow House Scotophillus kuhlii UC 1, 2BatPrimatesCercopithecidaeRhesus Macaque Macaca mulatta C 1Bonnet Macaque Macaca radiata C 1Common (Hanuman) Langur Semnopithecus entellus C 1Common name Scientific name A RCarnivoraCanidaeGolden Jackal Canis aureus C 1Wolf Canis lupus O 3Dhole Indian Wild Dog Cuon alpinus C 1Bengal (Indian) Fox Vulpes bengalensis C 1UrsidaeSloth Bear Melursus ursinus C 1MustelidaeSmooth-coated Otter Lutrogale perspicillata UC 1, 3Ratel (Honey Badger) Mellivora capensis UC 1, 3ViverridaeCommon Palm Civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus C 1Small Indian Civet Viverricula indica C 1HespertidaeGrey (Common) Mongoose Herpestes edwardsii C 1Small Indian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus C 1Ruddy Mongoose Herpestes smithii C 1HyaenidaeStriped Hyaena Hyaena hyaena O 1FelidaeJungle Cat Felis chaus C 1Desert (Wild) Cat Felis silvestris R 3Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis C 1Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus R 1Fishing Cat Prionailurus viverrinus O 1, 3Leopard Panthera pardus C 1Tiger Panthera tigris C 1ArtiodactylaSuidaeWild Boar Sus scrofa cristatus C 1TragulidaeIndian Chevrotain Moschiola meminna C 1CervidaeSpotted Deer Axis axis C 1Sambar Cervus unicolor C 1Indian Muntjak Muntiacus muntjak UC 3BovidaeBlackbuck Antilope cervicapra UC 1Bluebull Boselaphus tragocamelus C 1Indian Gazelle Gazella bennetti UC 1Four-horned Antelope Tetracerus quadricornis UC 1PholidotaManidaeIndian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata O 3RodentiaSciuridaeIndian (Three-striped) Palm Funambulus palmarum C 1SquirrelNorthern (Five-striped) Palm Funambulus pennantii C 1January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684679

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluCommon name Scientific name Abn RemSquirrelIndian Giant Squirrel Ratufa indica C 1MuridaeIndian Gerbill Tatera indica UC 1Indian Bush Rat Golunda ellioti C 1Soft-furred Field Rat Millardia meltada C 1Brown Rat Rattus norvegicus C 1House Rat Rattus rattus C 1House Mouse Mus musculus C 1Little Indian Field Mouse Mus booduga C 1Lesser Bandicoot-rat Bandicota bengalensis C 1Greater Bandicoot-rat Bandicota indica UC 1HystricidaeIndian Crested Porcupine Hystrix indica C 1LagomorphaLeporidaeIndian Hare Lepus nigricollis C 1Abn- Abundance; Rem - RemarksC - Common; UC - Uncommon; O - Occasional; R - Rare;1 - Species sighted or recorded to occur in Nallamala Hills during the study;1, 2 - Species that were collected or recorded by earlier workers (especially thechiropterans); 1, 3 - Species that were reported to occur, not sighted during thepresent survey, but indirect evidence observed; 3 – Species reported to occur byreliable source, not recorded during the present study.Common names also follow Nameer (1998).Table 2. Avifaunal diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Eastern GhatsCommon name Scientific name Abn StatusPodicipitiformesPodicpedidaeLittle Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis* (5) C Res, BrPelecaniformesPhalacrocoracidaeGreat Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo (26) R SLMIndian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis (27) O SLMLittle Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger (28) UC Res, BrDarter Anhinga rufa (29) O SLMCiconiiformesArdeidaeGrey Heron Ardea cinerea (35) C LM, BrPurple Heron Ardea purpurea (37) C LM, Br?Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii* (42) C Res, BrCattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (44) C Res, BrGreat Egret Casmerodius albus (45) UC Res?Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia (47) C Res?Little Egret Egretta garzetta (49) C Res, BrBlack-crowned Night- Nycticorax nycticorax (52) C Res, BrHeronCinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus (56) UC Res, Br?Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis (57) UC Res, Br?CiconiidaePainted Stork Mycteria leucocephala (60) C SLMAsian Open-billed Stork Anastomus oscitans (61) C Res, BrWhite-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus (62) O SLMWhite Stork Ciconia ciconia (63) O WMThreskiornithidaeAsian White Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus* O SLM(69)Black Ibis Pseudibis papillosa (70) UC Res, Br?Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia (72) UC SLMAnseriformesAnatidaeBar-headed Goose Anser indicus (82) O WMRuddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea (90) UC WMNorthern Pintail Anas acuta (93) C WMCommon Teal Anas crecca (94) C WMSpot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha* (97) C Res, BrGadwall Anas strepera (101) UC WMEurasian Wigeon Anas penelope (103) O WMGarganey Anas querquedula (104) UC WMNorthern Shoveller Anas clypeata (105) UC WMRed-crested Pochard Rhodonessa rufina (107) UC WMCommon Pochard Aythya ferina (108) UC WMTufted Pochard Aythya fuligula (111) R WMCotton Pygmy-Goose Nettapus coromandelianus C Res, Br(114)Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos* (115) O SLMDendrocygnidaeLesser Whistling Duck Dendrocygna javanica* (88) C Res, Br680January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluCommon name Scientific name Abn Status Common name Scientific name Abn StatusFalconiformesAccipitridaeBlack-shouldered Kite Elanus caeruleus (124) C Res, BrOriental Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus* (130) UC Res, Br?Black Kite Milvus migrans* (133) C Res, BrBrahminy Kite Haliastur indus* (135) C Res, BrShikra Accipiter badius* (138) C Res, BrCrested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus (144) R VLong-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus (153) O VWhite-eyed Buzzard Butastur teesa* (157) C Res, BrChangeable Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus cirrhatus (161) C Res, BrTawny Eagle Aquila rapax (168) C Res, Br?Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga (170) R VGreater Grey-headed Ichthyophaga icthyaetus (175) R VFish-EagleRed-headed Vulture Sarcogyps calvus* (178) O LMLong-billed Vulture Gyps indicus* (182) UC LMIndian White-backed Gyps bengalensis* (185) UC LM, Br?VultureEgyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus* (187) UC Res, Br?Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus (190) UC WMPied Harrier Circus melanoleucos (192) UC WMEurasian Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus (193) UC WMShort-toed Snake-Eagle Circaetus gallicus (195) C Res, BrCrested Serpent-Eagle Spilornis cheela (196) UC Res, Br?Osprey Pandion haliaetus (203) UC Res?FalconidaeLagger Falcon Falco jugger (208) O SLMPeregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus (211) O Res?Red-headed Falcon Falco chicquera (219) O WMCommon Kestrel Falco tinnunculus (224) C WMGalliformesPhasianidaePainted Francolin Francolinus pictus* (241) C Res, BrGrey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus* C Res, Br(246)Common Quail Coturnix coturnix (250) UC Res, Br?Rain Quail Coturnix coromandelica (252) C Res, BrBlue-breasted Quail Coturnix chinensis (253) UC Res, Br?Jungle Bush-Quail Perdicula asiatica (255) C Res, BrRock Bush-Quail Perdicula argoondah (260) UC Res, Br?Red Spurfowl Galloperdix spadicea* (275) C Res, BrPainted Spurfowl Galloperdix lunulata (278) UC Res, BrGrey Junglefowl Gallus sonneratii* (301) C Res, BrIndian Peafowl Pavo cristatus* (311) C Res, BrGruiformesTurnicidaeSmall Bustardquail Turnix sylvatica (313) C Res, BrYellow-legged Buttonquail Turnix tanki (314) UC Res, BrBarred Bustardquail Turnix suscitator* (318) C Res, BrGruidaeCommon Crane Grus grus (320) R VDemoiselle Crane Grus virgo (326) R VRallidaeWater Rail Rallus aquaticus (328) R VBaillon’s Crake Porzana pusilla (337) O WMRuddy-breasted Crake Porzana fusca (340) O SLMBrown Crake Amaurornis akool (342) O VWhite-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus (343) C Res, BrWatercock Gallicrex cinerea (346) R Res?Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus (347) C Res, BrPurple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio (349) C Res, BrCommon Coot Fulica atra (350) C Res, BrCharadriiformesJacanidaePheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus C Res, Br(358)Bronze-winged Jacana Metopidius indicus (359) C Res, BrCharadriidaeRed-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus* (366) C Res, BrYellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus* (370) C Res, BrLittle Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius (380) C Res, Br?Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus (381) UC WMScolopacidaeSpotted Redshank Tringa erythropus (392) O WMCommon Redshank Tringa totanus (393) UC WMMarsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis* (395) R WMCommon Green Shank Tringa nebularia (396) UC WMGreen Sandpiper Tringa ochropus (397) UC WMWood Sandpiper Tringa glareola (398) UC WMCommon Sandpiper Tringa actitis* (401) C WMWood Snipe Gallinago nemoricola (405) R VPin-tailed Snipe Gallinago stenura (406) UC WMCommon Snipe Gallinago gallinago (409) UC WMJack Snipe Limnocryptes minimus (410) R VLittle Stint Calidris minuta (416) C WMTemminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii (417) UC WMBlack-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus (430) C SLMPied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta (432) R VBurhinidaeStone Curlew Burhinus oedicnemus (436) C Res, BrGreat Thick-knee Esacus recurvirostris (437) UC Res?GlareolidaeIndian Courser Cursorius coromandelicus C Res, B?(440)Small Pratincole Glareola lactea (444) UC Res?LaridaeBrown-headed Gull Larus brunnicephalus (454) UC WMWhiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus (458) C WMRiver Tern Sterna aurantia (463) C Res, Br?Black-bellied Tern Sterna acuticauda (470) UC SLMColumbiformesPteroclididaeIndian Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus (487) UC SLMPainted Sandgrouse Pterocles indicus (492) UC SLMJanuary 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684681

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluCommon name Scientific name Abn Status Common name Scientific name Abn StatusColumbidaeYellow-legged Green Treron phoenicoptera* (504) C Res, BrPigeonGreen Imperial-Pigeon Ducula aenea* (507) C Res, BrRock Pigeon Columba livia* (517) C Res, BrOriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis (533) UC Res, Br?Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto* (534) C Res, BrRed Collared-Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica C Res, Br(535)Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis* (537) C Res, BrLaughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis* C Res, Br(541)Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica (542) C Res, BrPsittaciformesPsittacidaeAlexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria* (545) UC Res, Br?Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri* (550) C Res, BrPlum-headed Psittacula cyanocepahala* C Res, BrParakeet (558)CuculiformesCuculidaePied Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus* (570) C Res, Br?Indian Hawk-Cuckoo Hierococcyx varius* (573) C Res, BrIndian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus (576) UC Res, Br?Grey-bellied Cuckoo Cacomantis passerinus* (584) UC Res, BrAsian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea* (590) C Res, BrBlue-faced Malkoha Phaenicophaeus viridirostris* C Res, Br(595)Sirkeer Malkoha Phaenicophaeus leshenaultii UC Res, Br(598)Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis* (602) C Res, BrStrigiformesStrigidaeEurasian Collared Otus bakkamoena* (622) UC Res, Br?Scops-OwlEagle-Owl Bubo bubo (627) C Res, BrBrown Fish-Owl Ketupa zeylonensis (631) UC Res, BrJungle Owlet Glaucidium radiatum* (636) C Res, BrBrown Hawk-Owl Ninox scutulata (642) UC Res, Br?Spotted Owlet Athene brama* (652) C Res, BrMottled Wood-Owl Strix ocellata (657) UC Res, Br?Brown Wood-Owl Strix leptogrammica (660) UC Res, Br?Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus (664) R WMTytonidaeBarn Owl Tyto alba (606) UC Res, Br?CaprimulgiformesCaprimulgidaeGrey Nightjar Caprimulgus indicus (671) C Res, BrJerdon's Nightjar Caprimulgus atripennis (676) O Res?Indian Nightjar Caprimulgus asiaticus* (680) C Res, BrApodiformesApodidaeAlpine Swift Tachymarptis melba (693) UC SLMHouse Swift Apus affinis* (703) C Res, BrAsian Palm-Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis (707) C Res, BrHemiprocnidaeCrested Tree-swift Hemiprocne coronata (709) C Res, BrCoraciiformesAlcedinidaeSmall Blue Kingfisher Alcedo atthis (723) C Res, BrCerylidaeLesser Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis (719) C Res, BrDacelonidaeStork-billed Kingfisher Halcyon capensis (730) UC Res, Br?White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis (735) C Res, BrMeropidaeChestnutheaded Merops leschenaultii (744) UC Res, Br?Bee-eaterBlue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus (748) UC WMGreen Bee-eater Merops orientalis* (750) C Res, BrBlue-bearded Bee-eater Nyctyornis athertoni (753) UC Res, Br?CoraciidaeIndian Roller Coracias benghalensis* (755) C Res, BrUpupidaeCommon Hoopoe Upupa epops* (763) C Res, BrBucerotridaeIndian Grey Hornbill Ocyceros birostris* (767) C Res, BrIndian Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus (775) R Res?PiciformesCapitonidaeBrown-headed Barbet Megalaima zeylanica* (780) C Res, BrCoppersmith Barbet Megalaima haemacephala* C Res, Br(792)PicidaeEurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla (796) UC WMStreak-throated Picus xanthopygaeus (808) UC Res?WoodpeckerLesser Yellow-naped Picus chlorolophus (816) UC Res, Br?WoodpeckerBlack-rumped Flame- Dinopium benghalense* (819) C Res, Brbacked WoodpeckerYellow-crowned Dendrocopos mahrattensis* C Res, BrWoodpecker (847)Brown-capped Dendrocopos nanus* (852) C Res, BrWoodpeckerBlack-shouldered Chrysocolaptes festivus (858) UC Res, Br?WoodpeckerPasseriformesPitidaeIndian Pitta Pitta brachyura* (867) UC WMAlaudidaeMadras Bush Lark Mirafra affinis* (874) UC Res, BrRed-winged Bush-Lark Mirafra erythroptera (877) UC Res, Br?Ashy-crowned Sparrow- Eremopterix grisea* (878) C Res, BrLark682January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluCommon name Scientific name Abn Status Common name Scientific name Abn StatusRufous-tailed Lark Ammomanes phoenicurus C Res, Br(882)Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla (886)R WMSykes’s Lark Galerida deva (902) C Res, BrEastern Skylark Alauda gulgula (907) C Res, BrHirundinidaeDusky Crag-Martin Hirundo concolor (914) C Res?Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica* (916) C WMWire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii (921) UC SLMStreak-throated Swallow Hirundo fluvicola (922) UC SLMRed-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica* (927) C Res, BrLaniidaeSouthern Grey Shrike Lanius meridionalis* (933) UC Res?Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus* (940) C Res, BrLong-tailed Shrike Lanius schach* (947) C Res, BrBrown Shrike Lanius cristatus (949) UC WMSturnidaeChestnut-tailed Starling Sturnus malabaricus (987) UC WMBrahminy Starling Sturnus pagodarum* (994) C Res, BrRosy Starling Sturnus roseus (996) C WMCommon Starling Sturnus vulgaris (997) O WMCommon Myna Acridotheres tristis* (1006) C Res, BrJungle Myna Acridotheres fuscus (1010) O Res?CorvidaeSoutheastern Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda* (1034) C Res, BrHouse Crow Corvus splendens* (1049) C Res, BrJungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos* (1057) C Res, BrEurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus* (953) C Res, BrBlack-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis (954) R SLMBlack-hooded Oriole Oriolus xanthornus* (959) C Res, Br?Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus* (963) C Res, BrAshy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus* (965) UC WMWhite-bellied Drongo Dicrurus caerulescens* (967) C Res, BrBronzed Drongo Dicrurus aeneus (971) UC Res, Br?Spangled Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus (973) UC Res, Br?Greater Racket-tailed Dicrurus paradiseus (976) UC SLMDrongoAshy Wood-swallow Artamus fuscus* (982) C Res, Br?Lesser Wood Shrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus* C Res, Br(1070)Large Cuckoo-Shrike Coracina macei* (1072) C Res, BrBlack-headed Coracina melanoptera* (1079) C Res, BrCuckoo-shrikeScarlet Minivet Pericrocotus flammeus (1081) O SLMSmall Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus* C Res, Br(1093)Whitebellied Minivet Pericrocotus erythropygius* O Res?(1096)IrenidaeCommon Iora Aegithinia tiphia* (1099) C Res, BrGoldfronted Chloropsis Chloropsis aurifrons (1104) C Res, BrGoldmantled Chloropsis Chloropsis cochinchinensis* C Res, Br(1107)PycnonotidaeRed-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jacosus (1121) O SLMRed-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer* (1128) C Res, BrYellow-throated Bulbul Pycnonotus xantholaemus O Res, Br?(1135)White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus (1138) C Res, BrYellow-browed Bulbul Iole indica (1144) R SLMCisticolidaeZitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis* (1498) C Res, BrGrey-breasted Prinia Prinia hodgsonii* (1503) C Res, BrPlain Prinia Prinia inornata* (1511) C Res, BrAshy Prinia Prinia socialis* (1517) C Res, BrJungle Prinia Prinia sylvatica (1521) C Res, BrMuscicapidaeSpotted Babbler Pellorneum ruficeps (1154) UC Res, BrIndian Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus horsfieldii* C Res, Br(1173)Rufous-bellied Babbler Dumetia hyperythra* (1222) C Res, BrYellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense* (1231) C Res, BrCommon Babbler Turdoides caudatus* (1254) C Res, BrLarge Grey Babbler Turdoides malcolmi* (1258) C Res, BrJungle Babbler Turdoides striatus* (1262) C Res, BrWhite-headed Babbler Turdoides affinis* (1267) C Res, BrQuaker Babbler Alcippe poioicephala (1389) UC Res?Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa dauurica* (1407) UC WMBrown-breasted Muscicapa muttui* (1408) O WMFlycatcherRed-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva* (1411) UC WMLittle Pied Flycatcher Ficedula westermanni (1419) R VWhite-browed Blue Muscicapa superciliaris (1421) O WMFlycatcherTickell’s Blue Flycatcher Cyornis tickelliae* (1442) C Res, BrVerditer Flycatcher Eumyias thalassina (1445) UC WMGrey-headed Flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis (1449) UC WMWhite-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola* (1452) C Res, BrFlycatcherWhite-throated Fantail Rhipidura albicollis* (1458) UC Res, Br?FlycatcherParadise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi* (1461) C Res, BrBlack-naped Flycatcher Hypothymis azurea (1465) UC Res, BrBluethroat Luscinia svecicus (1644) O WMOriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis* (1661) C Res, BrWhite-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus (1665) O Res?Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros* (1672) UC WMCommon Stone-chat Saxicola torquata* (1697) UC WMPied Bush-chat Saxicola caprata* (1701) C Res, Br?Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata* (1719) C Res, BrBlue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius (1726) UC WMOrange-headed Thrush Zoothera citrina (1734) UC Res, BrEurasian Blackbird Turdus merula (1753) UC SLMSylviidaeCommon Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius* (1535) C Res, BrClamorous Reed Acrocephalus stentoreus UC WMWarbler (1550)January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684683

Mammalian and avian diversity of the Nallamala Hills, Andhra PradeshC. Srinivasulu & V. NaguluCommon name Scientific name Abn StatusBlyth’s Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum C WM(1556)Booted Warbler Hippolais caligata (1563) C WMOrphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis (1565) O WMLesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca (1567) UC WMHume’s Lesser Sylvia (curruca) althaea (1570) O WMWhite-throatTickell’s Leaf-Warbler Phylloscopus affinis (1579) O WMHume’s Warbler Phylloscopus humei (1590) O WMLarge-billed Leaf-Warbler Phylloscpus magnirostris* UC WM(1601)Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides UC WM(1604)Western Crowned Leaf Phylloscopus occipitalis (1606) O WMWarblerParidaeGreat Tit Parus major* (1795) C Res, BrYellow-lored Yellow Tit Parus xanthogenys* (1810) C Res, BrSittidaeVelvet-fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis* (1838) UC Res, Br?PasseridaeOlive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni (1852) O WMTree Pipit Anthus trivialis (1854) UC WMPaddyfield Pipit Anthus rufulus (1859) UC Res, Br?Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris* (1861) O WMBlyth’s Pipit Anthus godlewskii (1863) O WMForest Wagtail Dendronanthus indica* (1874) O WMYellow Wagtail Motacilla flava (1875, 1876) UC WMCommon name Scientific name Abn StatusCitrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola (1881) R WMGrey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea* (1884) UC WMWhite Wagtail Motacilla alba (1885) C WMLarge Pied Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis* C Res, Br(1891)House Sparrow Passer domesticus* (1938) C Res, BrChestnut-shouldered Petronia xanthocollis* (1949) UC Res, BrPetroniaBaya Weaver Ploceus philippinus* (1957) C Res, BrPlain Munia Lonchura malabarica* (1966) C Res, BrWhite-rumped Munia Lonchura striata (1968) UC Res, BrScaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata* (1974) C Res, BrBlack-headed Munia Lonchura malacca (1978) UC Res, BrNectariniidaeThick-billed Flowerpecker Dicaeum agile* (1892) C Res, BrTickell’s Flowerpecker Dicaeum erythrorhynchos* C Res, Br(1899)Purple-rumped Sunbird Nectarinia zeylonica* (1907) C Res, BrLoten’s Sunbird Nectarinia lotenia (1911) UC Res, Br?Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica* (1917) C Res, BrZosteropidaeOriental White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus* (1934) C Res, BrAbn- AbundanceC - Common; UC - Uncommon; O - Occasional; R - RareRes - Resident; Br - Breeding; SLM - Seasonal Local Migrant; LM - LocalMigrant; WM - Winter Migrant; V - Vagrant; ? - Probable status* species recorded by Dr. Sàlim Ali during Hyderabad State Ornithological Survey,1931-32; numbers in parentheses are Synopsis reference number of Ripley (1982).684January 2002 Zoos' Print Journal 17(1): 675-684