Characteristics of Households - Childinfo.org

Overall, almost one-third (32 percent) of all households inSerbia are using solid fuels for cooking. Use of solid fuels isvery low in urban areas (14 percent), but high in rural areas,where more than half of the households (53 percent) areusing solid fuels (Table CH.6). Differentials with respectto household wealth and the educational level of thehousehold head are also significant. The findings show thatuse of solid fuels is very uncommon among householdsin Belgrade, and among the households in the richestquintile. The table also clearly shows that wood is the mostdominant type of solid fuel used for cooking purposes.Solid fuel use alone is a poor proxy for indoor air pollution,since the concentration of the pollutants is differentwhen the same fuel is burnt in different stoves or fires.Use of closed stoves with chimneys minimizes indoorpollution, while an open stove or fire with no chimney orhood means that there is no protection from the harmfuleffects of solid fuels. Use of solid fuels by place of cookingis depicted in Table CH.7. A majority of 88 percent ofhouseholds using solid fuels for cooking use a separateroom as a kitchen while only 6 percent use a separatebuilding.Table CH.7: Solid fuel use by place of cooking, Serbia, 2010Percent distribution of household members in households using solid fuels by place of cookingIn a separateroom used askitchenElsewhere inthe houseIn a separatebuildingPlace of cooking:OutdoorsAt anotherplaceMissingTotalNumber ofhouseholdmembers inhouseholdsusing solidfuels forcookingRegionBelgrade 84.6 11.7 .4 .3 3.0 .0 100.0 282Vojvodina 81.0 8.5 6.2 .6 3.8 .0 100.0 683Sumadija and Western Serbia 86.5 5.2 7.7 .2 .1 .4 100.0 3353Southern and Eastern Serbia 92.2 3.0 4.6 .0 .0 .2 100.0 2269AreaUrban 91.9 4.8 2.1 .1 .5 .6 100.0 1649Rural 86.4 5.1 7.5 .2 .6 .1 100.0 4939Education of household headNone 90.4 6.6 .7 2.2 .0 .0 100.0 260Primary 83.2 7.2 8.5 .1 .7 .3 100.0 3618Secondary 93.5 2.2 3.5 .0 .6 .2 100.0 2496Higher 95.9 .0 4.1 .0 .0 .0 100.0 213Wealth index quintilesPoorest 83.5 7.8 6.7 .3 1.3 .4 100.0 3063Second 90.8 2.5 6.6 .0 .0 .1 100.0 2359Middle 92.3 3.5 4.0 .0 .0 .1 100.0 1051Fourth 100.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 109Richest (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) (*) 100.0 7Total 87.8 5.0 6.1 .2 .6 .2 100.0 6588(*) Figures that are based on less than 25 unweighted cases88MULTIPLE INDICATOR CLUSTER SURVEY 2010