Characteristics of Households - Childinfo.org

Solid Fuel UseMore than 3 billion people around the world rely on solidfuels (biomass and coal) for their basic energy needs,including cooking and heating. Cooking and heatingwith solid fuels leads to high levels of indoor smoke,and a complex mix of health-damaging pollutants. Themain problem with the use of solid fuels is the productsof incomplete combustion, including CO, polyaromatichydrocarbons, SO2, and other toxic elements. Use ofsolid fuels increases the risks of acute respiratory illness,pneumonia, chronic obstructive lung disease, cancer, andpossibly tuberculosis, low birth weight, cataracts, andasthma. The primary MICS indicator is the proportionof the population using solid fuels as the primary sourceof domestic energy for cooking.Table CH.6: Solid fuel use, Serbia, 2010Percent distribution of household members according to type of cooking fuel used by the household,and percentage of household members living in households using solid fuels for cookingPercentage of household members in households using:ElectricityLiquefiedSolid fuelsNo foodNumber ofhouseholdPetroleumNaturalcookedSolidmembersGas (LPG)Gas Coal,Straw, Agriculturalin theMissing Total fuels forligniteCharcoal Wood shrubs, crophouseholdcooking 1grass residueRegionBelgrade 81.9 10.0 1.2 .1 .5 6.2 .0 .0 .0 .1 100.0 6.7 4193Vojvodina 43.7 25.6 17.8 .4 .3 11.5 .0 .4 .3 .0 100.0 12.6 5407Sumadija andWestern Serbia36.4 7.0 .4 .1 .4 55.4 .2 .0 .0 .0 100.0 56.2 5969Southern andEastern Serbia49.7 7.4 .0 .1 .3 42.4 .0 .0 .0 .1 100.0 42.8 5305AreaUrban 67.2 12.9 5.5 .2 .2 14.0 .0 .0 .1 .0 100.0 14.3 11501Rural 30.7 12.1 4.4 .2 .7 51.5 .1 .2 .1 .0 100.0 52.7 9373Education of household headNone 27.1 4.8 3.3 .7 .0 63.1 .0 .0 1.0 .0 100.0 63.8 408Primary 30.6 11.0 3.9 .3 .6 53.1 .2 .1 .2 .1 100.0 54.2 6669Secondary 54.8 13.8 6.1 .1 .4 24.6 .0 .1 .0 .0 100.0 25.3 9870Higher 77.8 12.4 4.3 .1 .0 5.4 .0 .0 .0 .1 100.0 5.5 3913Wealth index quintilesPoorest 14.7 9.3 2.2 .7 1.3 70.7 .3 .4 .4 .0 100.0 73.3 4175Second 24.9 14.3 4.2 .1 .4 55.8 .0 .1 .0 .1 100.0 56.5 4178Middle 50.3 16.2 8.3 .0 .0 25.2 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 25.2 4173Fourth 74.2 15.0 8.2 .1 .2 2.4 .0 .0 .0 .0 100.0 2.6 4173Richest 89.9 7.8 2.0 .0 .0 .2 .0 .0 .0 .1 100.0 .2 4175Total 50.8 12.5 5.0 .2 .4 30.9 .1 .1 .1 .0 100.0 31.6 208741MICS indicator 3.11MONITORING THE SITUATION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN 87