fहndi - Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya

and awakened attitude which afterrecognizing our racial uniqueness, gatheringknowledge from whatever source one getsand uses them to change human societyand also he believes in giving it a modernshape. This is the glorious tradition ofHindi which had been inherited fromMahavir Prasad Diwedi... Mahavir Prasadjiwas not the only critic who emphasizedand recognized the racial form of societyin criticism...Shukulji's criticism is theoutcome of Diwedi age. Both of themrecognize the racial face of language andliterature. Both of them are eager to liberateHindi literature from the orthodoxies of'Ritikal'. In the criticism of both the writersthe basic underlying concept is the closerelation between literature and society."(Mahavir Prasad Dwiwedi Aur HindiNavjagran).Ramvilas Sharma emphasizes that thetraditional Hindi criticism is primarilyracial. It highlights the importance ofBhakti Sahitya movement of Valmiki,Kalidas and Bhavbhuti as a reversal to lovepoetry. It is a reaction against the blindreligious orthodoxies and it supports socialchanges. The tradition of Hindi criticismis not related to blind following of thewestern traditions but they do not refrainfrom progressive western thinking. Theconservative people of India in the nameof Indianism oppose the entire westernculture. This is not our national tradition.Besides, criticism is a continuous evaluationof humanity which has got no end.fgndi •Ramvilasji is a major part of that glorious,awakened and alert tradition of criticismwhich has been talked about earlier.Sometimes earlier because of thebroken relationship between tradition andprogressiveness — hurdles were put notonly to understand tradition but tounderstand progressiveness also. Nowcriticism is becoming only refutation orexaltation, this is also a problem. RamvilasSharma had said about Acharya Shukul,"Literature cannot move forward ignoringpublic welfare, public good and publicopinion." Giving due importance to himRamvilas Sharma accepted the parametersgiven by him. While criticizing him hehad to accept that he was not 'compatiblematerialist'. He said about Nirala, 'In spiteof not accepting Marxism in practice, hewas much ahead of any Marxist writer."He pointed out the failings of the highestpoetry of Nirala 'Ram ki Shakti Pooja' and"Kukurmutta". Thus, his 'criticalappreciation' has great importance incriticism. He replies to the attacks on Niralaand Ramchandra Shukul and enriches theprogressive understanding of literature.Two types of questions are raised aboutHindi criticism. Not one but there are twotraditions. One tradition is that ofRamchandra Shukul and the other is thatof Hazari Prasad Diwedi. The secondquestion is raised that along with RamvilasSharma all these critics are universal critics.Some call Ramchandra Shukul andRamvilas Sharma universal critics and areApril-June 2013 :: 35