fहndi - Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya
fहndi - Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya fहndi - Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya
The Challenge of TranslationKanan JhinganRavi Nandan Sinhafgndi •Translation has become a powerful medium for exchanging cultural,spiritual and scientific knowledge in the world. The message ofthe universality of human emotions and feelings generated by thereading and teaching of the literatures of various countries takesthe world towards a greater sense of unity. This is the need ofthe modern times.In order to promote the art of translation, efforts were madeat two levels : the governmental and the non-governmental. Underthe Rajbhasha Act of 1963, instructions were issued that along withEnglish translation Hindi translation too be used. The Hinditranslation of orders and regulations issued under any central actwas considered to be the authorised version. In the High Courtsalso, the alternate use of Hindi was accepted. Because of the trainingcurricula of the Central Translation Bureau opportunities foremployment in the field of translation grew. Apart from this, theCommission for Scientific Technical Terminology too did a greatdeal of work. Some two or three years before that, over eight lakhwords had already been created. This effort proved very useful insimplifying the process of translation. There is a facility of translationthrough the computer but as yet, mechanical translation cannotbe considered as successful as done by man. At the non-governmentallevel, the translation into Hindi developed in three streams : theApril-June 2013 :: 143
translation of literature in English and otherforeign languages by publicationinstitutions; the print medium and theelectronic medium.Newspapers occupy an important placein the print media. Articles published inEnglish have regularly been translated intoHindi. Earlier in Hindi newspapers thereused to be news published in Englishnewspapers but now because of quicktranslation articles are published in bothlanguages at the same time.In this context, in the electronic mediathe contribution of cinema and televisionis noteworthy. Almost all the classic novelsin English have been made into Hindifilms. 'Wuthering Heights', 'She', 'Prideand Prejudice' and 'Guide' are some suchexamples. Apart from these, the works ofShakespeare, known as the father of Englishliterature, such as 'Comedy of Errors','Macbeth', and 'Othello' were made intoHindi films titled Angoor', 'Maqbool' and'Omkara' respectively. A Hindi film wasmade on Ruskin Bond's 'Blue Umbrellawith the same title. 'Manpasand' was a filmbased on Bernard Shaw's 'Pygmalion' and'Dharmatma' was based on Mario Puzo's'Godfather'. The films ‘Anamika' and'Kohra' were based on Daphne duMaurier's 'Rebecca'. Films were made on'Namesake' of Jhumpa Lahiri, a writer ofIndian origin, and on a number of novelsby Chetan Bhagat.Television serials on the works ofIndian English writers were made and theywere also appreciated. R.K. Narayan's'Swami and Friends' and 'Malgudi Days'are examples of this. The Hindi versionof foreign channels such as NationalGeographic and Discovery can be accessedonly by changing the frequency a bit. Onchannels like Animal Planet, Disney, Pogo,Cartoon Network, Nickelodeon etc., thereare English programmes dubbed intoHindi. Everyone is familiar with the factthat these channels are extremely popularamong children. This kind of work is beingdone on a large scale. Discovery channelgives the English programmes made by itto a number of dubbing producers. A largenumber of translators are involved in theexcercise. Experts edit the translated scripts.Discovery Q-See gives its comments onthese. Artists under the guidance ofdirectors lend their voice to these finallyedited scripts. In this way, knowledge,science and entertainment comes to Hindispeaking people.A large number of publishes belongingto the non-government organizations havetaken up this kind of work. Apart fromthose of literature, a large number of bookson science and other subjects have beentranslated into Hindi. These activities arenot recent; they began a long time ago.Under the British rule innumerable copiesof the Bible translated into Hindi weredistributed among the people. This processcontinues even today.In fiction Ramanath Suman translatedWashington Irvin's 'The Sketchbook' in1848 and called it 'Bikhare Chitra, whichwas published by Rajpal and Sons, Between1915 and 1931 Lala Seetaram of Allahabadtranslated the plays of Shakespeare into144 :: April-June 2013fgndi •
- Page 91 and 92: 'So what happened?''Nothing happene
- Page 93 and 94: Mad DelightMohan Rakesh was as much
- Page 95 and 96: In continuous rhythmic movements, h
- Page 97 and 98: is the silence within . . . silence
- Page 99 and 100: ehind. The man remains alone once a
- Page 101 and 102: stretching road ahead."And how much
- Page 103 and 104: the car."Tell me what do you want?"
- Page 105 and 106: "Was it necessary today itself ?" f
- Page 107 and 108: laughed father “not a morsel to e
- Page 109 and 110: Rites for The DepartedChandrakantaR
- Page 111 and 112: gazing at the swiveling waves of th
- Page 113 and 114: salutations to the Ganga : 'These p
- Page 115 and 116: He won his mukti in that instant of
- Page 117 and 118: a rush for a plank she suddenly see
- Page 119 and 120: The Voice Which was Progeny...Tarun
- Page 121 and 122: growl, blare and shouts had compell
- Page 123 and 124: Broken bamboos and thatches strewed
- Page 125 and 126: forest and open land. The man and w
- Page 127 and 128: "But I have already taken the money
- Page 129 and 130: Ramrath and Bhagirathi's fate gave
- Page 131 and 132: than their son.That boy knew this m
- Page 133 and 134: of power of the original to be tran
- Page 135 and 136: the time. "That raises a question i
- Page 137 and 138: The novelist was translating her ow
- Page 139 and 140: 13th paragraph, Arundhati used the
- Page 141: Referencesi. 'Arundhati Roy, transl
- Page 145 and 146: Sons published it under its Traditi
- Page 147 and 148: here that he forgot to smile.'"Afte
- Page 149 and 150: are the opulence of royalty, strugg
- Page 151 and 152: wide web (www) which has created ap
- Page 153 and 154: in it move beyond Cultural Studies
- Page 155 and 156: Prize. Wasn't it in the early years
- Page 157 and 158: deep insight into the life and work
- Page 159: 25. Ms. Kanan Jhingan, 48, Swastik
translation of literature in English and otherforeign languages by publicationinstitutions; the print medium and theelectronic medium.Newspapers occupy an important placein the print media. Articles published inEnglish have regularly been translated into<strong>Hindi</strong>. Earlier in <strong>Hindi</strong> newspapers thereused to be news published in Englishnewspapers but now because of quicktranslation articles are published in bothlanguages at the same time.In this context, in the electronic mediathe contribution of cinema and televisionis noteworthy. Almost all the classic novelsin English have been made into <strong>Hindi</strong>films. 'Wuthering Heights', 'She', 'Prideand Prejudice' and 'Guide' are some suchexamples. Apart from these, the works ofShakespeare, known as the father of Englishliterature, such as 'Comedy of Errors','Macbeth', and 'Othello' were made into<strong>Hindi</strong> films titled Angoor', 'Maqbool' and'Omkara' respectively. A <strong>Hindi</strong> film wasmade on Ruskin Bond's 'Blue Umbrellawith the same title. 'Manpasand' was a filmbased on Bernard Shaw's 'Pygmalion' and'Dharmatma' was based on Mario Puzo's'Godfather'. The films ‘Anamika' and'Kohra' were based on Daphne duMaurier's 'Rebecca'. Films were made on'Namesake' of Jhumpa Lahiri, a writer ofIndian origin, and on a number of novelsby Chetan Bhagat.Television serials on the works ofIndian English writers were made and theywere also appreciated. R.K. Narayan's'Swami and Friends' and 'Malgudi Days'are examples of this. The <strong>Hindi</strong> versionof foreign channels such as NationalGeographic and Discovery can be accessedonly by changing the frequency a bit. Onchannels like Animal Planet, Disney, Pogo,Cartoon Network, Nickelodeon etc., thereare English programmes dubbed into<strong>Hindi</strong>. Everyone is familiar with the factthat these channels are extremely popularamong children. This kind of work is beingdone on a large scale. Discovery channelgives the English programmes made by itto a number of dubbing producers. A largenumber of translators are involved in theexcercise. Experts edit the translated scripts.Discovery Q-See gives its comments onthese. Artists under the guidance ofdirectors lend their voice to these finallyedited scripts. In this way, knowledge,science and entertainment comes to <strong>Hindi</strong>speaking people.A large number of publishes belongingto the non-government organizations havetaken up this kind of work. Apart fromthose of literature, a large number of bookson science and other subjects have beentranslated into <strong>Hindi</strong>. These activities arenot recent; they began a long time ago.Under the British rule innumerable copiesof the Bible translated into <strong>Hindi</strong> weredistributed among the people. This processcontinues even today.In fiction Ramanath Suman translatedWashington Irvin's 'The Sketchbook' in1848 and called it 'Bikhare Chitra, whichwas published by Rajpal and Sons, Between1915 and 1931 Lala Seetaram of Allahabadtranslated the plays of Shakespeare into144 :: April-June 2013fgndi •
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