fहndi - Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya

The novelist was translating her own lifeinto this fiction. The experiences at thevillage Aymanan in the district of Kottayamin Kerala seem to have left a lastingimpression on Arundhati. Novel completedon April 6, 1996, with four years' time.She told Vir Sangvi, the editor of Sunday :'I just started putting down what was goingon in my head... It was all just comingout of me, like smoke I suppose, and Ikept putting it down.' As observed byArundhati's critic that her novel is not animitation of some western model, but hasbehind her a long and rich tradition ofsocially committed writing in Indo-Angliannovels. It is relevant here, therefore to havea look at this tradition and discover herroots.On translating some of the folk versesand lyrics in the original, Priya could easilyomit the English version, where sometimesthe author had given simultaneousMalayalam and its translation in English.Like the one Kuttappen's appeal to an overripeguava (Arundhati, 207). For thetranslator in Malayalam, Priya could chooseonly those lines as in original Malayalamwithout caring for the re-renderings ofArundhati. Will it be more liberty on theauthor to surpass her? Hindi translator hadto transform both languages into target —'Paa pera-pera-perakka (Mr. gugga-gug-gugguava)Ends parambil thooralley (Don't shitherein my compound); correspondingly —Paa pera-pera-perakka (Shri am-am-amamruda)Ende parambil thooralley (yahanmere hate men mat hag dena) (Neelabh,225). Here the translator had takenphonetic adaptation to utter the Hindiworld for gua — amrud. He did it witha vowel ending — amruda, in the first line,but the same is not opted for the cominglines, that which are of different endingsin original. Again the adaptations for someaspirated consonants in Hindi are notscientific as those used in Malayalam script.Arundhati herself scribed those tabus —thoorikko/thooralle with the beginningdental consonant as aspirated, but in realpronunciation of that is non-aspirated.Transliteration of that into Hindi did thesame adaptation of making that intoaspirated dental consonant. Similar problemlies in pronouncing the word gua = perakkaand compound = parambu. The allophonesra and ra (as in Raphel) in Hindiintonations are not specified. But inMalayalam those two are distinct. Priyacould differentiate them in her TL, butNeelabh was helpless (as Arundhati toowas). Arundhati did this with some of theproper nouns also like the names ofEsthappen, Kuttappen, or compound propername coined like Esthapappychachen,Veluthapappychachen etc. Here again thetranslator went in tune with the novelist,but quite aware of the demarcation betweenthose phonetic adaptations in MalayalamSmt. Priya did coin the exact word. Takingfor granted the ending three consonantsas that of the original, in their translationsNeelabh opted the same phoneme e(spelled as in air). Hence, those words rerenderedin Hindi as Kuttappen, Esthappen,Veluthapappychachen etc. School rhymes arealso finding its place in Arundhati's138 :: April-June 2013fgndi •